RP-School of Hospitality and Tourism

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The all-inclusive holiday concept at the Kenyan coast
(2010-08) Mutisya, Mary M.
Purpose: This paper aims at profiling the application of the all inclusive holiday concept in Kenya, and identifying the positives and draw backs of the current mode of application. Design/methodology The study was a cross-sectional survey design and it targeted the hotels along the Kenyan coast offering the all inclusive holiday package. The study was carried out in between December 2008 and April 2009. The data was analysed descriptively. Findings: The outcome of the study shows that the application of all-inclusive concept had been varied from the original; these modifications have had both strengths and drawbacks to the hospitality and tourism industry. The current application of all inclusive in Kenya needs to be reviewed Practical Implications: understanding the strengths and draw backs of the modified mode of all inclusive is useful to the hospitality practitioners and the tourism industry at large. The study gives recommendations on how to improve service delivery to all-inclusive guests, this is more profitable to the economy and would yield greater customer satisfaction; does not stretch the limited resources, it would also result in sustainable tourism. Originality/value: The study will contribute to knowledge, especially in the of all inclusive holidays area where there very is little documentation.
Analysis of Food Management Practices and Safe Provision in Unclassified Restaurants in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Stratford, 2022) Musakala, Doreen Ikala; Wandolo, Monica Akinyi; Maranga, Vincent Nyamari
The aim of the research was to establish how food safety practices influence safe food provision by unclassified restaurants in Nairobi City County. The Particular goals of the study were to: assess the influence of food handling practices on safe food provision, observe the role of food hygiene training on safe food provision, determine the effect of food legislation compliance on safe food provision and establish the role of management in ensuring that safety standards are achieved on safe food provision by unclassified restaurants in Nairobi City County. Descriptive survey design was employed as the blue print to guide the study. The study population was 124 unclassified restaurants in Nairobi Central Business District. Questionnaires were used in data collection, an in-depth interview guide and observation checklist. Quantitative data were analyzed through means, standard deviation, inferential models and presented in form of tables and figures. The study established that food handling practices on safe food provision by unclassified restaurants was statistically significant (χ=8.988; p value of .003<0.05), food hygiene training and safe food provision by unclassified restaurants have a significant association (χ= 5.094, p value of .019<0.05, food legislation compliance and safe food provision by unclassified restaurants have a significant association as supported (χ=4.544; p value of .025<0.05) while the role of management and safe food provision by unclassified restaurants have a significant association (χ=11.107, p value of .001<0.05). This paper concludes that food handling practices, food hygiene training, food legislation compliance and role of management impacts the safe food provision by unclassified restaurants. The study recommends for the need to periodically train restaurant workers on proper food handling practices. There is need for restaurant management to provide workers with sufficient clean dress code. The restaurant management needs to organize periodic training programs in form of short workshops, seminars and conferences with key stakeholders in the hospitality sector and food safety authorities.
Analysis of the Relationship between the Risk Management Strategies and Customers Satisfaction in the Golf Clubs in Nairobi City and Kiambu Counties
(Alicon Publications, 2022) Mwangi1, Paul Nderitu; Maranga, Vincent; Miricho, Moses
The study sought to investigate the relationship between risk management strategies and customer satisfaction in the golf clubs in Nairobi City and Kiambu Counties, Kenya. A total of 17 golf clubs’ captains and 271 golfers/customers were targeted for this study. The crosssectional descriptive survey was adopted where semi-structured questionnaires, an interview schedule and secondary sources were used for data collection. The study established a statistically significant relationship between the risk management strategies and customer satisfaction with p=0.008<0.05. It is recommended that the golf clubs' management formulate and implement effective risk management strategies for ultimate customers (golfers) satisfaction. This is informed by the findings these strategies have a great impact on satisfaction levels of the customers in the golf clubs.
Application of destination choice model: Factors influencing domestic tourists destination choice among residents of Nairobi, Kenya
(Tourism Management, 2012-12) Mutinda, R.; Mayaka, M. A.
The objective of this study was to assess the status of Kenya's tourist destinations and the factors that determine their choices among the residents of Nairobi. The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey design that covered 118 respondents randomly selected from adult patrons at an up-market shopping mall in Nairobi. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The Hypotheses were tested using chi-squares and Pearson Product–Moment Correlation at 95% confidence level. The results indicated that tourism in Kenya is almost exclusively centred on the south coast beaches and a handful of game reserves or national parks. The Kenya's domestic tourist market considered individual trait factors as being more significant in determining the choice of a holiday destination than the environmental factors. The findings further indicated that the factors that motivated Nairobi residents in the choice of domestic tourism destination in rank order include: knowledge and adventure; economic concerns; personal safety; destination information; travel arrangement; destination features; family and friends; leisure and relaxation; religious and cultural considerations and travel bragging. Statistical tests failed to reject the hypothesis that majority of Kenya's domestic tourist attraction areas do not fall within the evoked set of the destination choice model. Keywords Tourist attractions; Tourist regions; Tourist destinations; Destination choice sets; Holiday packages; Domestic tourism; Domestic tourism market
Aspects of Electronic Customer Relationship Management and Guest Satisfaction: A Perspective of 4-Star Hotels in Nairobi County, Kenya
(International Journal of Technology and Management Research, 2020) Siaw, Gladys Apreh; Gitau, John Kahuthu
Key among the aims of many service organizations are to establish and maintain stronger relationships with their customers. In recent times, organizations building strong communication networks with their customers by means of new electronic technologies to facilitate this process. The ultimate aim is to develop customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention. However, customer satisfaction and loyalty have been an issue for many hotels in the hospitality industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish the effect of aspects of e-CRM such as trust, convenience and security on customer satisfaction among classified hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 384 customers through self-administered questionnaires was conducted. All variables were measured using constructs developed from the literature. Cronbach's Alpha was used to assess the reliability of the constructs. Pearson correlation technique was used to establish interrelationships between the study variables. The findings of the study revealed significant direct relationships between trust, convenience, and security of online transactions and customer satisfaction. The study recommends to the management of classified 4-star hotels to ensure that their online platforms have major tools such as regular review of websites and customers’ privacy that would ensure that services and transactions are believable and trusted
Aspects of Electronic Customer Relationship Management and Guest Satisfaction: A Perspective of 4-Star Hotels in Nairobi County, Kenya
(www.ktu.edu.gh, 2020) Siaw, Gladys Apreh; Gitau, John Kahuthu
Key among the aims of many service organizations are to establish and maintain stronger relationships with their customers. In recent times, organizations building strong communication networks with their customers by means of new electronic technologies to facilitate this process. The ultimate aim is to develop customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention. However, customer satisfaction and loyalty have been an issue for many hotels in the hospitality industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to establish the effect of aspects of e-CRM such as trust, convenience and security on customer satisfaction among classified hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study of 384 customers through self-administered questionnaires was conducted. All variables were measured using constructs developed from the literature. Cronbach's Alpha was used to assess the reliability of the constructs. Pearson correlation technique was used to establish interrelationships between the study variables. The findings of the study revealed significant direct relationships between trust, convenience, and security of online transactions and customer satisfaction. The study recommends to the management of classified 4-star hotels to ensure that their online platforms have major tools such as regular review of websites and customers’ privacy that would ensure that services and transactions are believable and trusted.
Assessment of Causes of Labour Turnover in Three and Five Star-Rated Hotels in Kenya
(2012-09-25) Samson, Kuria; Ondigi, Alice N.; Wanderi, P. M.
Studies done regarding labour turnover in the service industry across the world indicate that, the hospitality sector leads with many employees’ changing jobs from time to time. Subsequently, some causes of labour turnover are believed to be industry-specific. Both the internal and external causes of labour turnover affect the growth, profitability and customer satisfaction whenever it occurs in the workplace. Employers see the process of staff leaving and being replaced as a natural and inevitable feature of the industry. In Kenya, very little has been documented on the causes of labour turnover. This paper is based on a study completed in April 2011. The main purpose of this study was therefore to establish the internal and external causes of labour turnover in three and five star-rated hotels in Nairobi city. Nairobi city has seven hotels which are classified as five star and nine hotels which are classified as three star hotels. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. This study involved a total of 133 permanently employed staff working in these star-rated hotels. Simple random sampling method was used to pick hotels as well as the respondents for this study. The Employee Attitude Survey revealed that, lack of balance between work and personal life was a major cause of job resignation (32%) while lack of staff involvement in decision making and creativity was (56%) respectively in both set of hotels. Consequently, employees were familiar with job requirements and departmental mission statements. The need to create conducive work environment probably prompted them to ask for flexi- hours. Poor remunerations were cited with over 60% of the respondents dissatisfied. More so, was the undefined rewarding system where 46% of the respondents strongly disagreed. The study therefore recommended that, the management should improve the working condition for the employees as well as establishing training policies that equip employees with job requirements and expectations. Finally, the need to establish a rewarding system that would motivate workers other than monetary remunerations is also recommended.
Assessment of the Capacity of TVET and University Hospitality Schools in offering Food Safety and Hygiene Training in Kenya
(ijsrm.in, 2018) Wandolo, Monica A.; Ndiritu, Douglas; Khayiya, Rosemarie; Mugendi, Beatrice W.
The purpose of this study was to assess the capacity of TIVET and University hospital schools in offering food safety and hygiene training in Kenya. The major areas of focus were the general availability of basic equipment, whether the available equipment were modern, extent of use of available equipment and workshop organization including drainage. A total of 671 respondents participated in the study (Comprising 249 from universities, 250 from Institutes of Technology, 64 from Polytechnics and 128 from Technical Institutions). Primary data sources included using structured questionnaires, taking photographs, oral interviews, observation check list and focus group discussions. Secondary sources, on the other hand, involved retrieving information from desk research where journals, books and other relevant literature were obtained. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data while content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The analyzed data were presented in terms of graphs and tables. The findings revealed that in the two categories of institutions, equipment/tools in universities were relatively higher in number compared to the other categories. In addition, not all the available tools were modern. It was observed that only 78% of the available tools were modern while 19% were not. This finding revealed that there was underutilization of available facilities in the institutions. A summary of various aspects of capacity of institutions in providing training on food safety and hygienic practices and adopting proper hygienic practices revealed that universities had a high capacity (63.5 %) relative to the other categories. On the other hand, the lowest capacity level was observed in institutes of science and technology, which had 46.4%. The findings further revealed that some institutions were wellprepared in terms of equipment and facilities, while the majority were not. Observation revealed that most of the workshops used, particularly in TVET institutions, were originally used for other purposes such as classrooms, home economics laboratory or were stores converted to production workshops. As a result, such institutions lacked basic equipment. The study concluded that TIVET and Universities had inadequate facilities and resources required to offer food safety and hygiene training courses. It was recommended that ministry of education should to identify a monitoring team to visit hospitality training workshops to assess the capacity in terms of infrastructure, facilities and equipment to determine the level of requirement in every institution. This would pave way for the upgrading of the facilities to a level that they would offer adequate training to the enrolled students.
Attributes of Quality of Accommodation Facilities and Room Capacity Utilization of 3-5 Star Hotels in Nairobi, Kenya
(International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2018-12) Miricho, N. M; Adedipe, A.
There are specific quality requirements usually established in accordance with standards at either government or private levels for hotel accommodation facilities. One of these basic requirements is high quality of accommodation facilities which supposed to anchor room capacity utilisation of 3-5 star hotels in Nairobi, Kenya. The attributes of quality of accommodation facilities comprised of room flooring, decorations, bed and beddings, lightings and heating, comfort of bedroom, cleanliness, comfort of bathroom, towels, furniture and furnishings, toiletries and amenities, space and ventilation of the rooms. However, hotels with more accommodation quality attributes are likely to attract higher and better room capacity utilisation. Therefore, the study sought to examine the relationship between quality of accommodation facilities and room capacity utilisation of 3-5 star hotels in Nairobi, Kenya. The study hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between quality of accommodation facilities and room capacity utilisation of 3-5 star hotels in Nairobi, Kenya. The target population involved all the 3-5 star hotels in Nairobi, Kenya. A census of hotel general manager and front office managers consisting of 62 respondents was conducted through stratification of all the hotels. Questionnaire was used as instruments for data collection with 91.9% response rate and the data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine variable characteristics while Pearson correlation was used to establish the pattern of relationship and association of the variables. Also, linear regression analysis was involved to determine the level of significant and test hypothesis. The Pearson correlation result (r=-0.513, p=0.000) indicated that quality of accommodation facilities had a strong positive relationship and association with room capacity utilisation. The regression analysis coefficient R=0.791 and adjusted squared coefficient R 2 =0.523 were recorded which implied that the study variables explained 52.3% of the variations of room capacity utilisation. The regression model revealed comfort of bedroom, comfort of bathroom, cleanliness and furniture, fittings/furnishings as the four attributes of quality of accommodation facilities that were significant variable predictors of room capacity utilisation. The null hypothesis was rejected as there is significant relationship between quality of accommodation facilities and room capacity utilisation. The study concluded that an improvement in quality of accommodation facilities will cause positive significant changes in room capacity utilisation. The study recommends improvement on comfort of bedroom, comfort of bathroom, cleanliness as well as furniture, fittings/furnishings for better room capacity utilisation of 3-5 star hotels in Nairobi, Kenya. Keywords: Quality of facilities, room capacity utilisation, star rat
Barriers to the Implementation of Food Safety and Hygiene Principles (HACCP) in TVET and University Hospitality Schools in Kenya
(International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2018) Wandolo, Monica A.; Ndiritu, Douglas; Khayiya, Rosemarie; Mugendi, Beatrice W.
The purpose of this study was to assess the barriers to food safety and hygiene principles (HACCP) in TIVET and University hospital schools in Kenya. A total of 671 respondents participated in the study (Comprising 249 from universities, 250 from Institutes of Technology, 64 from Polytechnics and 128 from Technical Institutions). Primary data sources included using structured questionnaires, taking photographs,oral interviews, observation check list and focus group discussions. Secondary sources, on the other hand, involved retrieving information from desk research where journals, books and other relevant literature were obtained. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data while content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The analyzed data were presented in terms of graphs and tables. The findings revealed that 31% of the respondents admitted that there were barriers. Among the barriers were: lack of knowledge (32%), lack of set standards (31%), attitude (31%), lack of time (28%), lack of motivation (27%) lack of experience (26%), lack of facilities (23%) and inadequate equipment (23%). The study concluded that various factors such as lack of knowledge, attitude, lack of motivation and inadequate facilities and equipment posed serious threats to effective implementation of proper food safety system (HACCP). It was recommended that HACCP prerequisites related to institutional facilities are put in place and stakeholders trained on adherence to the principles.
Barriers to the Implementation of Food Safety and Hygiene Principles (HACCP) in TVET and University Hospitality Schools in Kenya
(International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2018-07) Wandolo, Monica A.; Ndiritu, Douglas; Khayiya, Rosemarie; Mugendi, Beatrice W
The purpose of this study was to assess the barriers to food safety and hygiene principles (HACCP) in TIVET and University hospital schools in Kenya. A total of 671 respondents participated in the study (Comprising 249 from universities, 250 from Institutes of Technology, 64 from Polytechnics and 128 from Technical Institutions). Primary data sources included using structured questionnaires, taking photographs, oral interviews, observation check list and focus group discussions. Secondary sources, on the other hand, involved retrieving information from desk research where journals, books and other relevant literature were obtained. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data while content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The analyzed data were presented in terms of graphs and tables. The findings revealed that 31% of the respondents admitted that there were barriers. Among the barriers were: lack of knowledge (32%), lack of set standards (31%), attitude (31%), lack of time (28%), lack of motivation (27%) lack of experience (26%), lack of facilities (23%) and inadequate equipment (23%). The study concluded that various factors such as lack of knowledge, attitude, lack of motivation and inadequate facilities and equipment posed serious threats to effective implementation of proper food safety system (HACCP). It was recommended that HACCP prerequisites related to institutional facilities are put in place and stakeholders trained on adherence to the principles.
Benefits of Slum Tourism in Kibera Slum in Nairobi, Kenya
(2013) Chege, P.; Mwisukha, A.
The study focused on assessing slum tourism as a viable tourism option. The objectives were to: determine the main tourism attraction in Kibera slum, establish the perceptions of Kibera’s slum dwellers, Kenya Tourism Board and Victoria Safaris towards slum tourism, determine the benefits of slum tourism to Kibera slum dwellers. The exploratory and descriptive survey research design was used. The target population of the study was 800,000 residents of Kibera slum who live in a total of 12 villages, 160 employees of Kenya Tourism Board (KTB) and 38 employees of Victoria Safaris. The sample size was 472 respondents, 384 from Kibera, 50 from KTB and 38 from Victoria Safaris. Simple random sampling was used to select 6 (50%) villages in Kibera. Snowball sampling method was then used to select respondents in those six villages. The initial subjects were identified using purposive technique. The subjects from the KTB were selected using convenient sampling method while all subjects from Victoria Safaris participated. Data was collected by the use of questionnaire. A pilot study was run in Kisumu dogo slum village. Reliability of the instrument was determined during the pilot study using test re-test technique. There was a strong liking for slum tourism across all categories as majority, 396 (83.9%), view it as beneficial to the slum residents in improving their living conditions. Observing residents’ life style and taking photographs were identified as major tourist activities in Kibera slum. The study recommends that there should be a deeper participation of residents in running and making decisions on slum tours to increase benefits to the residents. There is also need for government to develop a policy whose aim is to guide on ways of conducting slum tours. There is also need for Ministry of Tourism to educate the residents on how to take advantage of the venture and open up businesses like tour firms and how to provide other services in order to reap the benefits of slum tourism.
Care Strategies of Linen and Guest Satisfaction among Hotels in Upper East Region of Ghana
(AJPO, 2024) Akomaning, Esther Laurinda; Ondigi, Alice; Mugambi, Rahab
Purpose:The care of linen is paramount in hotel operations for its sustainability. The study sought to investigate linen care strategies in some selected star-category hotels in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The objectivesof the study wereto examine the strategies used in the care of linen and their effect on guest satisfaction and to test if a relationship exists between them. Materials and Methods:The study employed descriptive survey design by the use of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Through purposive sampling, asample size of 52 hotel employees was selected from 24 star-rated hotels. Structured questionnaire and observations were used to collect data.Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26was used for the data analysis.Means and standard deviations were used for the descriptive statistics. Multiple linear regression was employed for the inferential statistics. The hypothesis was tested at a 5% significance level.Thus, data were presented in tables and text for both descriptive andinferential statistics.Findings:The study findings were that hotels operated On-premise laundry systems. Outsourcing of linen from commercial service providers was absent. Linen inventory control was done through stock-taking and record-keeping. Hotelsfollowed the laundry processes(sorting dirty clothes, putting dirty apparel in a machine or hand wash, applying detergent, drying the washed articles on the line or in a tumble dryer, ironing, folding and storage of laundered articles)but were not diligent with the manufacturer’s instructions. The linen reuse programme was mostly not through designed cards. Available laundry tools/equipment were laundry bins, washing machines/extractors, washing basins, drying lines, ironing boards and irons. Tools/equipment not available were tables/shelves for sorting linen, tumbler dryers, calendaring machines, industrial steam irons and a laundry folder. Linen care strategies had a significant effect on guest satisfaction (R = 0.671, R2= 0.451, F = 3.828, p = 0.001). The hypothesis that linen care strategies do not have any significant effect on guest satisfaction among hotels in the Upper East Region of Ghana was rejected (P = 0.0001< 0.05). Implicationsto Theory, Practice and Policy:The study employed Management Administrative Theory and Practice Theory. Through the application of management functions, thus, forecasting and planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling;hotel leaderships are in a better position to increase efficiency through the creation of organisational structures. Through the administrativestructures, housekeeping supervisorscansuggest and monitor the care and maintenanceof linen.Aboutthe Practice theory, if hotels identify linencare strategies that make sense to their operations and do so religiously through principles and procedures; higher standards of various care strategies could be attained to promote the hotel business.It is therefore recommended that policymakers such asGTA should come out with training and retraining programmes for hotels to improve knowledge and skills in linen care strategies
Changing Land Use Patterns and Their Impacts on Wild Ungulates in Kimana Wetland Ecosystem, Kenya
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014) Nyamasyo, Stephen Kitina; Kihima, Bonface Odiara
In Kenya, wildlife numbers have drastically declined due to land use changes (LUCs) over the past three decades.This has affected wildlife habitats by converting them into farmlands and human settlements. This study used remote sensing data from landsat satellite to analyze the changing land use patterns between 1980 and 2013 and their impacts on wild ungulates in KWE.The objective of the study was to map out LUCs, determine the possible causes of LUCs, and examine the effects of LUCs on wild ungulates. The results showed a noticeable increase in the size of farmland, settlement, and other lands and a decline in forestland, grassland, wetland, and woodland.The main possible causes of LUC were found to be agricultural expansions, human population dynamics, economic factors, changing land tenure policy, politics, and sociocultural factors. The main effects of LUCs on wild ungulates in KWE include a decline in wild ungulate numbers, habitat destruction, increased human-wildlife conflicts, land degradation, and displacement of wild ungulates by livestock. The study recommends land use zoning of KWE and establishment of an effective and efficient wildlife benefit-sharing scheme(s).
The Choice Cognition and Its Relationship with Job Satisfaction: A Case of Guest House Supervisors in Mombasa County, Kenya
(International Tourism and Hospitality Journal, 2020) Kivuva, Alex Kyalo
‘Choice’ which is also known as ‘self-determination’ connotes autonomy in decision making in the workplace. Choice is a critical element of work for guest house supervisors. Guest houses have a bigger percentage of untrained staff, in comparison with the large star-rated hotels. For staff who have some hospitality training, they are usually recruited as supervisors. Despite this fact, managers and owners of guest houses tend to dictate every operation in their establishments. This has subsequently led to low employee empowerment, which has been a major source of job satisfaction. This study sought to explore the influence of the choice cognition of psychological empowerment on job satisfaction of guest house supervisors. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design, focusing on the seventy-six registered guest houses in Mombasa County. Census was utilised where all the supervisors of the registered guest houses in the county were included in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used in the collection of data. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to establish the relationship between the study variables. Results of the study revealed that there existed a positive and significant influence (p< 0.05) of the choice tenet of psychological empowerment on job satisfaction (r= 0.734) of guest house supervisors in Mombasa County. This study would be crucial to guest house owners and managers who would be able to formulate and implement ‘choice’ strategies for their supervisors and other staff. In addition, it will be helpful to organizations such as Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Federation of Kenyan Employers, Kenya Association of Hotelkeepers and Caterers and Pubs Entertainment and Restaurant Association of Kenya in sensitizing their members on the importance of ensuring that employees have autonomy in making decisions (choice) concerning their work roles
A Comparative Study on Psychological Contract and Affective Commitment of Catering Employees between Public and Private Universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing, 2020-01) Kamau, Bernard Waweru; Maranga, Vincent; Mugambi, Rahab
Psychological contract refers to employee’s perception as the implicit agreement between themselves and the organization that contains a shared responsibility between the two parties. It is different from the formal contract as it is implicit. Employee’s commitment is the ability to internalize and engage in achieving the goals of an organization. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare relationship on psychological contract and organizational commitment between public and private universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya, moderated by employee’s welfare initiatives. The study adopted a descriptive survey design where a sample size of 50 public and 50 private university catering employees from two universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Data collection instruments were questionnaires and interview guides. Qualitative data was coded and summarized in compilation sheets for easier analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS with levels of significance established using paired tests with a cut-off point of p being < or =0.05 at 95% confidence and significance levels. The findings revealed that x2=18.84 df* = 3 and p=0.000 and 0.001 which are < 0.05, an indication that, there is a significant relationship between psychological contract and organizational commitment of university catering employees in both public and private universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya. This means that, psychological contract can be attributed to organizational commitment of public university catering employees in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Competence Cognition and its Influence on Supervisors’ Job Satisfaction: A Perspective of Guest Houses in Mombasa County, Kenya
(American Research Institute for Policy Development, 2019) Kivuva, Alex Kyalo; Nzioka, Alice Mueni; Pepela, Anthony Wekesa
Competence is the extent to which an employee can perform work activities skilfully and with the required knowledge. Competence is critical for guest house supervisors. This is because, compared to classified hotels, guest houses, which command a greater patronage, have a larger percentage of untrained personnel. For staff with hospitality training, they at best, serve as supervisors. This study sought to determine the influence of competence, a dimension of psychological empowerment, on job satisfaction of guest house supervisors. A descriptive survey study design, focusing on the seventy-six registered guest houses in Mombasa County was utilized. The study adopted census, where all the supervisors in all the registered guest houses in Mombasa County were included in the research. Primary data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to establish the relationship between the study variables. Findings revealed that there existed a positive and significant influence (p< 0.05) of competence on job satisfaction (r= 0.554). Other than guest house owners and managers, this study will be helpful to organizations under the Ministry of Tourism in sensitizing their members on the importance of the supervisors’ competence tenet of psychological empowerment in discharging their work roles.
Conference tourism in Kenya : towards tourism product development, diversification and extension
(2011-10-31) Maingi, S. M.; Odunga, P.O; Belsoy, S.J; Nthinga R,W
Kenya is predominantly a nature- based tourism destination with wildlife (concentrated in the southern part of the country) and beaches (along the Indian Ocean) accounting for over 85% of the international tourists visiting the country. Other attractions are based on the physical landscape of the country and the culture of the people. However, the emergence and constant growth of MICEtravelers on the demand-side have shifted the perceptions on tourism marketing globally. Unfortunately, the full potential of conference tourism has not been exploited locally. The development, marketing and promotion of conference tourism in Kenya have been disparate. This has been entrenched further by the lack of a co-ordinated, targeted effort to market conference tourism in global markets. This paper seeks to highlight and assess venues for the development of conference tourism in Kenya. It also seeks to isolate strategies for harnessing even greater potential of conference tourism in Kenya. The paper acknowledges the emergence of M.I.C.E tourism as an alternative tourism strategy of choice for Kenya’s tourism diversification and development strategies. The paper recommends that properly structured foundational activities need to be put in place towards building a strong destination-based ‘Conference tourism’ brand. These activities would include the establishment of a conference bidding team composed of the major stakeholders in the meetings industry. Further, the establishment of a fully-fledged and government supported conventional bureau would be the best intervention in the promotion of conference tourism in Kenya. By de-centralizing tourism promotion and marketing, the government would essentially harness the advantages related to outsourcing. By combining, sharing and expanding core competencies, these networks enhance K.T.B.’s efforts of efficiently marketing Kenya’s tourism sector drastically
Contributions of Partnerships to Conservation and Development: Insights from Amboseli
(Cognizant Communication Corporation, 2021) Mugo, Tabitha; Visseren-Hamakers, Ingrid; Dui, Rene van der
For several decades, both academics and practitioners have fiercely debated how to reconcile conservation and development objectives. In Sub-Saharan Africa, efforts to align biodiversity conservation and livelihood goals have triggered a shift from pure protected area approaches to a hybrid scenario, including diverse partnership arrangements that consider livelihood needs of communities neighboring protected areas. These partnerships often include tourism to provide income and jobs. The future of the Amboseli landscape in Kenya has been an integral part of these debates, since it has faced long-lasting conservation and development challenges. Many initiatives, often in the form of partnership arrangements, have tried to address these challenges. By using the Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) and a set of indicators to measure the contributions to conservation, we examine two of these partnerships—the Amboseli Ecosystem Trust (AET) and Big Life Foundation (BLF)—with the aim of understanding the extent to which they contribute to addressing these challenges. Data were collected using document analysis, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, nonparticipant observation, and informal conversations. Findings show that both AET and BLF have been able to address direct drivers of biodiversity loss (such as human wildlife conflicts, poaching, unplanned infrastructural developments) and—to a much lesser extent—the indirect drivers, such as poverty and land subdivision. Through the workings of both partnerships, more community members have gained access to specific community capital assets, through employment opportunities and other monetary incentives and education. However, it is not clear if and how the livelihood benefits transfer to real and long-term support for wildlife conservation.
A critical outlook of tourism sector performance management reforms in Kenya -: (results or ,value based management?)
(Kenyatta university, 2009) Maingi, Donald K.; Ondigi, Alice. N; Maingi, Shem W.; Ondigi, S. R.
Tourism in Kenya is a key driver towards the attainment of the socio-economic blueprint, which is achieving the goals of Vision 2030. In the recent past, such were achieved with sector reforms that critically assessed the roles and functions of public servants where performance would be used as the sole indicator for resource allocation and usage. This was perceived as a means for conditioning reinforcement; therefore creating a results based philosophy in public sector management strategies. However, this is contrary to the thesis that when public sector management emphasizes exclusively on results, attention to socio-cultural, environmental and economic values is reduced by default. Therefore requiring a fundamental understanding on the sectoral values and attributes, before customizing a performance management strategy. This paper, seeks to advance such dialogue further by assessing the dynamics involved in tourism organizational settings qualified according to the needs and demands of the Tourism industry.

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