RP-Department of Public Policy and Administration
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Item 2520-0461(AJPO, 2018) Jumanne, Andrew Shangarai; Njoroge, JanePurpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of structural change management on employee performance in the Parliamentary Service Commission (PARLSCOM) and it was undertaken through descriptive research design. Methodology: The study targeted all the nine hundred and fourteen employees of PARLSCOM. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select a sample of ninety one participants from the target population. Self-administered questionnaire and interview guides were used to collect primary. Secondary data was obtained from PARLSCOM’s annual reports, government publications and earlier research. Reliability of the instruments was tested using Cronbach’s alpha reliability. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Multiple linear regression analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2013 Analysis ToolPak and output used to test study hypotheses. Results: The results indicated that structural change management had a positive significant effect on performance of employees in PARLSCOM. Unique contribution to the theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that structural change management is a critical factor in increasing employee performance, therefore HR managers should ensure clarity and stability in the organization’s structure during change management in order to enhance employee performance. Finally, the study recommends further research be done by replicating the same study in other organizations and also using other independent variables other than the ones used in this study.Item Accountability practice in Kenya’s public service lessons to guide service improvement author's bio data(European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.ea-journals.org), 2015-02-25) Minja, DavidAlthough accountability is widely believed to be a good thing, the concept is highly abstract and it is often used in a very general way. Accountability is one of those words more often used than understood. A typical definition is that accountability concerns the processes by which those who exercise power whether as governments, as elected representatives or as appointed Officials, must be able to show that they have exercised their powers and discharged their duties properly. Theory and practice suggest that accountability practice in public sector is weak due to several reasons as shall be explored further in this study. While much of the accountability research work has focused on financial management accountability practice, little has been done on non-financial issues of accountability practice. Public sector reforms and increased democratic space have given rise to greater demand for enhanced accountability practice in public service more than ever before. This study therefore sought to establish the extent to which the whole range of accountability practices was evident in Kenya’s public sector. The study revealed that the current practice is one that promotes accounting for resources spent more than promoting accountability. It was further noted that public servants were more accountable to their seniors, the heads of departments and ultimately the president and his Cabinet than they were to the public which has put the government in place. Several lessons were learnt from this study which will be used to provide insight into the practice of accountability in public sector.Item Administration of Legal Issues in African Development for Global Sustainability(East African Nature & Science Organization, 2020) Moi, Edna; Minja, David; Makhamara, FelistusDespite the evolution of legal systems in Africa, its development cannot be realized without the adoption of global practices relevant to the 21st-century complexities. Using data from Kenya, the objective of this paper was to determine people's awareness of legal issues, innovation tools for harnessing research data, and innovations for sustainability. This paper gives a brief history of government systems in various African countries which existed before colonization and further recommends mechanisms for promoting citizens’ legal rights. The paper highlights the administration of legal rights in Kenya citing new innovative tools for general development. It recommends ways that could be embraced for promoting development; the technology system, the rule of law, constitutionalism, democracy and stakeholders' support. The paper concludes that the majority of Kenyan citizens need legal awareness. The possible outcome of the process remains uncertain and open to further stakeholders' inputs. The paper finally recommends the increasing involvement of every stakeholder which is expected to increase the rate of Africa's development for global sustainability.Item Administrative Structures and Implementation of the Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Lamu West Sub-County, Kenya(EdinBurg Peer Reviewed Journals and BooksPublishers, 2021) Ikuwa, Jackline Muthoni; Muna, WilsonKenya has had an increasing number of vulnerable and orphaned children; the population of children is projected to be 19 million with about 3.5 million being orphaned and vulnerable children. The study objective was to explore how administrative structures affect the implementation of the Cash Transfer for Orphans and vulnerable children in Lamu West subCounty. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. Lamu West has 1063 enrolled beneficiaries and the researcher assessed a sample population of 100 beneficiaries through the use of questionnaires and 10 administrative units was interviewed. The data collected from the interview schedule was assessed using thematic analysis while data from the questionnaires were analysed using descriptive and correlation analysis. The study findings were the lack of adequate funding and sensitisation of the program goals and structures among the beneficiaries and administrators in addition to the growing need for decentralisation of the program to enable faster response to changes targeting the households. From the study findings, the researcher was able to make the following recommendations; the need for increased sensitisation for the various committees concerned with the management of the program would aid in ensuring recruitment, enrolment, and overall supervision of the program is done efficiently. There is also a need to adequately fund the management of the program to ensure its overall coordination.Item Administrators’ Management Skills and Implementation of Strategic Planning in Public Secondary Schools in Muranga County, Kenya(RJSSH, 2023-10) Symon Kimaru, Maina; Njoroge, JaneThis research assessed administrators’ skills and their effect on execution of strategic planning in secondary institutions in Murang’a County, Murang’a South Sub County, Kenya. The study assumed the strategic planning theory and synoptic model and adopted a descriptive research design. Targeted population was 205 respondents with 41 interviewees from each strata of principals, deputy principals, department heads, BOMs’, and Parents Associations’ where a sample size of 135 interviewee was appraised through Yamane’s formula. Consequently, for avoidance of any favoritism, simple random sampling was used to select 27 public secondary schools. Qualitative data was collected through questionnaires while structured interviews collected qualitative information. Research instruments were put to test among 15 respondents which was above the recommended 10% of the sample to attest the authenticity and validity. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the consistency across time and a reliable index of r>0.7 was obtained. The data analysis identified shared arguments from the participator experiences. Descriptive statistics; mean, frequency, and standard deviation was used to quantify data and emphasis was placed on degree of agreement among study variables. The coded data was examined by statistical central tendency measures and disparity measured through standard deviation and finally end results recorded in frequency tables, pie charts and bar graph. Multi-regression model was used in testing the degree of correlation and influence between dependent and independent variables using the SPSS software. Resource mobilization skills revealed a positive and significant effect on implementation of strategic planning with β1 =0.224, p= 0.020, which was <0.05. While stakeholder’s involvement skills, had a negative and insignificant influence on implementation of strategic planning with β2 = -0.037, p= 0.629, which was >0.05. However, monitoring and evaluation skills had both positive and significant effect on implementation of strategic planning with β3 =0.249, p= 0.12, which was >0.05. The level of satisfaction on internal efficiency and realization of the curriculum objective was highly achieved. On administrators’ resource mobilization skills, the study recommended engagement in alternative resource mobilization activities to the satisfaction of internal efficiency on implementing strategic planning. On administrators’ stakeholder engagement skills, the study recommended reviewing and understanding the value of stakeholders and involves them in implementing strategic planning. On administrators’ monitoring and evaluation skills, the study recommended effective monitoring and evaluation of projects on their sustainability and acquiring more skills and use of expertise on implementation of strategic planning.Item Affirmative Action and Gender Mainstreaming in Kajiado County, Kenya(IOSR-JHSS, 2024-02) Tuguro, Gekura; Ng’eno, WeldonGender mainstreaming focuses on gender equality by emphasising that women's and men's problems, interests and viewpoints are considered during policymaking. This study examined how affirmative action challenged the implementation of gender mainstreaming in the county government of Kajiado in Kenya. The survey was anchored on the feminist theory and social role theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design targeting 1,500 employees of the county government of Kajiado spread out in various departments. A stratified random sampling procedure was utilised to select a sample of 150 participants. A questionnaire was employed to gather primary information. The collected data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics that led to linear regression modelling. Qualitative analysis involved thematic narration for the open-ended questions in the research tool. Data results were presented using frequency tables, percentages and a regression model. The study found that affirmative action significantly influenced the implementation of gender mainstreaming in the county government of Kajiado. Affirmative action exhibited a positive influence on the implementation of gender mainstreaming in the county government of Kajiado. This study recommends an enhancement of affirmative action in Kajiado County to promote gender mainstreaming in the county.Item Analysing the Challenges Faced By Beach Management Units in Managing Fisheries Stock in Mombasa County, Kenya(International Academic Journals, 2020) Menza, Sebastian Juma; Mange, DanielFisheries Management approaches continued being managed by centralized government as intervention for some time after independence in countries in Africa. Later the approach proved inadequate to deal with the emerging issues in the management of fisheries stock. Partnerships known as comanagement, now practiced in East Africa including Kenya, involve Beach Management Units (BMUs) in fisheries management. In Kenya co-management of fisheries with BMUs began in 2007 with hope that they will help the Department of Fisheries better manage fisheries stock. However, fisheries management still remains a challenge to the central government. This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by beach management units in managing fisheries stock in Mombasa County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to determine the roles performed by BMUs in managing fisheries stocks, to examine the challenges facing BMUs in managing fisheries stocks and to explore measures to improve the BMUs performance in managing fisheries stocks. The study adopted descriptive research design with target population consisting of 14 BMUs with 2800 members and 7 institutions working with fisher community. Three hundred (300) respondents who were BMU members were sampled through simple random sampling. Data was collected by use of questionnaires which were pre-tested to ascertain their validity and consistency before they were used. The study found that all the BMUs exist as legal entities, having been registered by the Fisheries Department with majority having democratically elected officials with Executive Committee composed of required stakeholders’ representation. Lack of commitment among the BMU assembly in playing their stipulated roles as well as lack of co-operation among the executive committee members was reported to be major reasons for dismal performance of BMUs in co-management. Majority of BMUs source funds from international and local donors as a strategy to enable them play their comanagement roles such as patrolling the shores to nab illegal fishing gears. The study concludes that although majority of BMUs in Mombasa County are compliant with BMU regulations with regard to management functions and playing their intended roles effectively, this is not reflected in the recovery of fish stocks as intended and recommends institutions to channel more resources towards enhancing the capacities of BMUs to sustainably utilize fisheries stocks.Item Analysis of Budget Planning and Performance of Technical and Vocational Education Training Institutions (TVETIS) in Kiambu County, Kenya(Reviewed Journal of Social Science & Humanities, 2024-10) Somba, Sophia; Njoroge, JanePerformingPublicTechnicalandVocationalEducationTrainingInstitutions(TVETIs)area boon to society as they impart hands on skills through which individuals can contribute to personal andnationaldevelopmentindiverseway.ForalongtimeperformanceamongthesepublicinstitutionsisfarfromwhatisexpectedamidstquestionsraisedontheireffectivenessincontributingtowardsKenya’s development through skilled labour. To deliver on their mandates, public TVETIs are required to implement practices that ensure that resources are efficiently and effectively utilised. Towards this end, this study sought to analyse the effects of budget planning on the performance of TVETIs in Kiambu County, Kenya. The theory guiding the investigation was the economictheoryofbudgeting.Adescriptivedesignwasappliedtomeetthestudyobjectives,whichentailed the collection of primary data using questionnaires from a population of 41 public TVETIs in Kiambu County, Kenya. Reliability and validity of the data collection instrument were done through the Cronbach Alpha tests and content validity assessments. The data was analyzed through descriptive and regression analysis and the results were presented in Tables and Figures. The study’s descriptive findings indicated that budget planning was moderately implemented in public TVETIs in Kiambu County. The results indicated that budget planning had a positive and significant effect on the performance of TVETI institutions. The study recommendedbudgetplanningthattheministryofEducationshouldincreasethebudgetfortheTVETIStocreateimpacton the results of the courses trained to a learners. Furthermore, it was recommended that similar tertiary institutions in other Counties also implement regular budget reviews to ensure theirmonitoringsystemsarereliableandtransparentsothattheymayattainpositiveperformances.Thestudy also recommended that personnel allocated duties related to budgetary practices in public TVETIs seek to adhere to legislative and best practices guidelines. Future studies should be done to investigate the implementation of budgeting practices in both public and private TVETIs inother Counties in Kenya.Item An Analysis of How Politics Stream Affects the Implementation of Road Safety Policy Measures in Nyanza Region, Kenya(Reviewed Journals International, 2023) Siambe, Omweri Fred; Muna, Wilson; Njoroge, JaneA large number of road safety policies has been formulated and attempted to be implemented in Kenya to try and reduce road fatality and injury but still the high rates of traffic morbidities appear to be on the raise in Nyanza region. Due to the concerns the study of analyzing how politics streams affect implementation of road safety policy measures in Nyanza region in Kenya implementation was conducted to look for solutions. The study was backed with Multiple Streams Framework and Punctuated Equilibrium Model. The research used a descriptive survey and explanatory design with pragmatic research philosophy point of view while embracing mixed research approaches. The study utilized census, simple random sampling, and stratified random sampling, purposive sampling, and systematic random sampling techniques in drawing a representative sample. The sample size of the study was 347 of target population. The study interviewed 6 traffic base commanders, 2 county Matatu Owners’ Association and 2 NTSA county directors. The study also employed both participatory and non-participatory observation to collect supplementary data. The reliability of the study instrument was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha, while the validity was assessed using factor analysis and expert opinion. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Quantitative data was examined by means of simple regression approaches. Based on the derivatives from the objectives, theme analysis was used to assess qualitative data. The study then presented quantitative data using tables and figures, while qualitative data was reported in continuous prose. The findings established that the problem Streams Framework influenced the implementation of motorway safety policy measures among matatu operators to a moderate extent. The study showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the problem Streams Framework and implementation of road safety policies. The study establishes that the government agencies need to digitalize data on road accidents and recommends a collaborative approach between government agencies responsible for the implementation of road safety policy measures. This study concluded that problem Streams affects the implementation of road safety policy measures, and so there is need for all policy actors to take into account all streams whenever they intend to initiate the enactment of road safety measures.Item An Analysis of How the Pricing Instrument Policies Affect the Performance of Transport Services in Nairobi Metropolitan(JIBM, 2023) Gathungu, Cynthia Mugure; Njoroge, JaneTransport services contribution to the Kenyan economy is widely acknowledged, they cut across all sectors of the economy and provide many employment opportunities and generate widespread economic benefits. Considering the immense contribution of transport in economic growth, a reduction in transport cost is expected to spur economic growth and create a favorable business environment for Small and Medium enterprises. This study investigated how the Pricing instrument policies affect the performance of transport services in Nairobi Metropolitan. 384 participants ware sampled and 260 responded amounting to 67.7 percent response rate. Descriptive correlational study design was applied. Multiple regression model showed that there was a significant relationship between performance of the transport services sector and the policies implemented by the city management where multiple determinations coefficient of 0.056 displayed that infrastructure investment policies, price instrument policies and license procedures policies independent variables lead to 56 percent in performance of transport services in Nairobi Metropolitan Services. These findings support the fact that policy development and implementation in the transport sector affect the business organizations operating in the sector. Therefore, policy formulation or development, changes to the transport sector can only be realized when the policies are implemented appropriately. Therefore, this study recommended and encouraged effective policy implementation in the NMS and ensure that transportation services policies are implemented appropriately to make huge difference in the transport business sector. However, more research is needed using different methodological approaches to quantify the impacts of policies in the sector on growth and development. Other studies can examine how these policies affected other organizational outcomes, such as customer satisfaction and stakeholder wealth maximization to improve the quality of services offered in the transport sector.Item Analysis of Influence of Policy Formulation on Security Service Delivery in National Police Service, Kenya(2021) Njoroge, Jane; Minja, DavidInsecurity has been on the increase in the recent past and has become the main cause of loss of property and lives around the world. This has had distressing effects on families in monetary terms, emotionally through trauma and grief and the distraction of lives dependents lives. Numerous policies have been set to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in security services delivered by the National police service. However, despite these policy strategies and effort, security service delivered by NPS in Kenya remains a challenge. The terrain in statistics, reports, and empirical studies indicate that there is a persistent trend that citizens continue to lose their lives and properties daily due to poor security services provided by NPS. Policy formulation has been cited as one of key effects on Security services provided by National police service. Policy formulation in NPS has not been effective based on a persistently severe public pain, attracting government attention. In Kenya several Policies have been developed permitting the creation and direction of police institutions to accomplish peace and security. Despite the many security initiatives, the actual security service by National Police service (NPS) has been diminishing, which is a clear manifestation of the existence of deficient Policy formulation in the NPS. The concern is why poor security services in a country with elaborate policy frameworks. This study determined the influence of policy formulation on security service delivery by the National Police Service in Kenya. Study results indicate that ppolicy formulation was significantly influencing NPS's quality of security services. Evidence of an inverse association between Policy formulation and the quality of security services delivered by NPS was evident. Further, policy formulation had not been a participatory activity, and the current security policies had not been implemented effectively.Item Analysis of the Implementation of Devolved Health Infrastructure Projects in Kenya(International Journal of Arts and Commerce, 2019) Njiru, Fridah; Muna, WilsonFiscal transfers to finance health infrastructure projects in Embu County of Kenya runs into billions of shillings since health was declared a devolved function under 2010 constitution. Yet, despite such bold investments, and in a bid to reform delivery of the health care system, its infrastructure remains ineffective, inefficient and inadequate. This study sought to analyse the extent to which key factors, such as (1)health policies, (2) funds allocation, (3) human resource capacity and (4) governance structures, determines the implementation of devolved health infrastructure projects in Embu County. The study was guided by Nutt’s theory of project implementation as well as Goldratt’stheory of constraints. A total of 553 medical staff of level4 and 5 hospitals and the health administration staff were targeted, and a sample of 56 respondents were sampled. The study adopted a descriptive case study research design. A semi-structured questionnaire, with both open and closed-ended questions was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics which include; percentages, frequencies, mean, standard deviation, and regression, while qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis. Authorization to conduct the field study was sought from the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation. Results of the study indicated that majority of the respondents were not conversant with health policies governing the development of health infrastructural projects. A disconnect was also noted between the funds allocated and the number, size, design, and quality of health projects established. Although majority of administrators in this sector were found to be adequately trained, gaps were identified in the area of training, particularly in relation to the installation, operation, and maintenance of new infrastructure and technologies. Governance structures were found to be rigid, old fashioned and lacked a clear chain of command, which constrained the performance of key decision makers.Item Analysis of the Influence of Checks and Balances on Security Service Delivery in National Police Service, Kenya(The International Journal of Business and Management, 2021) Kimolo, Benjamin Kaviku; Jane Njoroge, Jane; Minja, DavidSecurity is vital for the holistic development of the human person. Insecurity hinders socio-economic-religio-political growth in different ways. These include threats to physical security, the absence of safe living environments, dangers that prevent people from achieving sustainable livelihoods, and the impact upon health and education services. As one of the main providers of security, the National police service plays a pivotal role in creating the conditions for safety of property and human being. However, all too often the National Police Service in Kenya has over the years accused of ineffectiveness. This ineffectiveness has been hungered on failure to have efficient checks and balances in the NPS. Empirical studies indicate that, despite regulating bodies providing checks and balances in National police service, little significance has been realized. Checks and balances serve several functions, especially preventing one government entity/department from consolidating extreme power, afford better policies through deliberation and precludes one government branch from going out of its constitutional mandate. In a diffuse system, checks and balances play a critical role in determining the locus of accountability and allocating power between central government organs. Previous studies haven’t shade light on checks and balances enshrined in the constitutional structures for a structural association of the independent institutions. Therefore, this research sought to determine the effects of checks and balances on security services delivery by National Police Service (NPS) in Kenya. Results indicate that, checks and balances significantly influence the quality of security services delivered by NPS. However, it had a positive influence in terms of regulatory structures currently in place and oversight being carried out objectively. IPOA was not effective in its oversight responsibilities as per IPOA Act 2011 (Revised 2012) and IPOA strategic plan 2014. Thus, targeted efforts should be channelled towards re-vitalizing the spirit, mission, mandate and objectives of IPOA, community policing, NPSC and AIU as a crucial agency for police/civilian rights promotion and advocacy.Item Analysis of the Structural Determinants of Funding Allocation Implementation in the Kenyan Judiciary(Centre for Enhancing Knowledge (CEK), 2019-11) Njoroge, Jane; Ruto, Shadrack KipchumbaFinancial resources allocation is key to achieving judicial independence and enhancing the rule of law in any country. The significance is that in the democratic system, judges and the judicial system entirely are autonomous from any outside control and unnecessary direction coming from the other self-governing systems, such as financial institutions .Necessary conditions for operations of the court system include being able to mobilize required finances to certain its operations. Sufficient judicial financial resource allocation, which depends upon clear focus and non-malicious criteria, makes the court system less susceptible toward undue provision of direction on how to operate. This study sought to analyze the important factors in judicial autonomy such as Annual financial plan, Judicial structure and Judicial work load on funding allocation implementation in the Kenyan Judiciary. The study was guided by Resource Based Theory (RBV) as well as Theory of Change Model. A total of 67 respondents including: staff, clerical Officers, litigants, advocates and police officers were targeted and sample of 59 respondents were sampled. The study adopted a descriptive case study research design. A semi-structured questionnaire, with both open and closed-ended questions was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics which include; percentages, frequencies, mean, standard deviation, and regression, while qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis. Authorization to conduct the field study was sought from the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation. Results of the study indicated that majority of the respondents were aware of financial plan being used by the judiciary to plan for its expenditure.Item Assessing the Effects of Community Based Organizations’ Activities on Poverty Alleviation in Mwatate Division, Kenya(IISTE, 2020) Chombo, Gertrude Chanya; Minja, David M.Poverty is a global, national and community issue. Mwatate Division in Taita Taveta County, Kenya is one such area that has been faced with persistent poverty. This is despite the existence of 600 Community Based Organizations (CBOs) in the area. This prompted this study of assessing the effect of the CBO’s activities on poverty alleviation in the area. The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of the CBO’s activities on poverty alleviation. It utilized the empowerment theory. According to this theory, poverty alleviation entails empowering the impoverished. The study, a descriptive survey, employed both descriptive and quantitative statistical methods. The population of the CBOs was 600 whilst the target population was 206, out of which a sample size of 100 was studied.Both primary and secondary data formed part of the study. The primary data was collected using structured and unstructured interviews which were conducted on the leaders of the sampled CBO’s. A simple questionnaire was executed through face-to-face interviews with the respondents in order to gather data. The secondary source was both printed and electronic; was consulted through extensive desktop research. Other sources were Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Gender and Social Development, National Council for CBO’s, various research agencies and existing records of poverty in the area. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The major findings indicated that the CBOs’ activities did not impact on the poverty status in the area. It was recommended that the CBOs needed empowerment so as to be effectiveItem An Assessment of Global Partnership for Education in Subsaharan Africa in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic(ZJPD, 2022) Babamaragana, Lawan Abba; Muna, WilsonDespite decades of heightened calls for global cooperation presented by the advocates of globalisation, power asymmetry between the Global North and Global South continues to define the policy agenda on education to the detriment of Sub-Saharan Africa. In this regard, Africa has emerged as lacking agency in policymaking on issues of global concern such as health and education. Emerging evidence related to COVID-19 response has exposed deep rooted systemic vulnerabilities amongst developing economies. This study is guided by critical globalisation and interdependency theories. Using desk review method, it interrogates the effectiveness of global efforts, with a particular bias on Global Partnership for Education –a multi-stakeholder partnership and funding initiative that attempt to mobilize international support for education in developing countries. It particularly assesses interventions with a focus on vulnerable children and youths. It also examines the effectiveness of assistance accorded to governments in the South as an attempt to improve on dispensation of equity in learning through strengthening their education systems in the times of COVID-19. The study questions why, little, if any, impact on education has been realized -despite the establishment of the GPE evidenced by continued high levels of dependency on solutions emanating from the Global North. The findings suggest that the speed with which GPE responded to the challenge has enhanced the net gain of its commitment beyond its face value. It also established that timing of a response is a more critical factor than the intervention itself. Thus, whenever there were delays in processing GPE, the amount expended ends up recording lesser successes than the timely meager sum invested. However, agency and adequacy have not matched the success of the timing. We recommend broadening of SSA countries’ agency on interventions that target their citizenry.Item An Assessment of the Effect of Mass Media Platforms and County Assembly Initiatives on Public Participation in Kitui County(International Journal of Current Aspects, 2021) Musunza, Kasina; Muna, WilsonDevolution entails the decentralization of power and distribution of resources from the national government to the county governments. To ensure that national and county governments are providing good governance, public participation is vital. Studies done indicate that there is no information pertaining to devolution, county governments, and public participation in the Kenyan county governments. In this study, Kitui county has been used to assess the county assembly initiative and the mass media initiative and their effectiveness in encouraging public participation. The exploratory research design was used to collect data from the target population of Kitui Central Sub County. Data was collected from 100 respondents using structured questionnaires. From the results received, it is evident that Kitui County Government has taken steps to enhance public participation by implementing Mass Media initiatives and County Assembly initiatives. Although, most of the respondents saw the need for the county government to put in more effort to ensure that the public is involved in governance, establishing efficient and effective public engagement initiatives will help strengthen public participation in devolved structures.Item An Assessment of the Practice of Results-Based Management in the Public Sector: The Case of Kenya(IPRJB, 2016) Minja, David. M.Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to assess the practice of resource based management in the public sector, a case of Kenya. Methodology: The research adopted an exploratory-survey design. Findings: Results revealed that leaders in public service adopted directive style of management. Results also found that majority of the employees are disempowered by management and to say the least, they are mentally disengaged from the organization. The survey identified ten most common practices seen to be inhibiting the practice of result based management which included organization culture, management paralysis, accountability practice, leader‟s insatiable desire to take all credit, failure to confront underperforming members of the management team, organizational politics, boss barrier syndrome, indecisiveness and fear of failure by managers, resistance to change and organizational structures and systems and developmental level of employees. Further, results revealed that the strategies for promoting result based management included leadership development for the top management, valuing employees, creation of cultural capital, removing empowerment barriers, promoting accountability, developing high performance teams and participative management. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This research looks at RBM in public sector which has become a key area of focus in the twenty- first century public management practice. It has looked at the causes of failure to practice RBM in public sector and proposed several strategies to remedy the situation. If successfully adopted, RBM practice will avoid creation of busy but ineffective public sector organizations. There are several ways to address this phenomenon and managers should adopt strategies that best suit their organizational situation and context. In order for an organization to survive and achieve success, it must have a sound set of beliefs on which it premises all its policies and actions. Beliefs must always come before policies, practices and goals. Faithfully adhering to those beliefs is critical to successful leadership and management practice.Item Attitudinal Training and Employee Performance in Devolved System of Governance in Kenya: a Case of Nyamira County Assembly(OAPUB, 2022) Onduko, Gilbert Atunga; Ng’eno, Weldon K.Public organizations seek to improve the performance of their employees so that they can provide public service both effectively and efficiently. This study examined the use of attitudinal training to enhance employee performance at the Nyamira County Assembly. The study sought to investigate the factors necessitating the adoption of attitudinal training to enhance employee performance at the Nyamira County Assembly. The Kirkpatrick model was used to generate a framework for examining the effectiveness of the attitudinal training at the County Assembly concerning the enhancement of employees’ performance. Descriptive research design and correlation research designs informed data collection and analysis in the study. Stratified sampling was used, dividing the target population of staffers at the County Assembly into two strata based on their contractual and non-contractual status. Purposive sampling was used to determine whether 12 participants were interviewed. A total of 112 questionnaires were distributed to the rest of the staff at the County Assembly. The quantitative data was analzyed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative data was analyzed using the thematic analysis process. Logistical and ethical considerations regarding budgeting and research timeline were taken into consideration, while ethical considerations included confidentiality, anonymity, and informed consent. The study found that the adoption of attitudinal training and employee performance was statistical significance. The findings revealed that attitudinal training content and employee performance were statistically significant. The study established that the training content that contributed to employee performance includes content on customer service, communication skills, ethics and integrity, and leadership skills. To enhance employee performance, the study recommends that organizations should ensure that the training programs inculcate attitudinal training content including customer care, communication skills, ethics and integrity, and leadership skills.Item Beneficiary Processing and Implementation of Special Education Policy: A Comparative Study of Nairobi and Embu Counties in Kenya(SSRN Blog, 2023) Kariuki, Anastasia Wacera; Muna, Wilson; Mbataru, PatrickSpecial Education Policy implementation remains a critical component towards attainment of inclusive education globally. Studies have shown widespread failure in implementation of Special Education Policy particularly in developing countries. A lack of early identification and intervention of learners with special needs has left many deserving cases unattended and ignored. Thus, this study examined the effects of beneficiary processing on Implementation of Special Needs Education Policy. It was framed using the hybrid model and the management model of policy implementation. Pragmatism philosophy guided the study as it employed descriptive, crosssectional survey research design. The study targeted 1121 respondents in Embu and Nairobi counties, from whom 239 individuals were sampled. This research utilized stratified, purposive and random sampling techniques. Six strata that comprised of officials and trainers from Ministry of Education (MoE) , District Education Boards(DEB), Kenya Institute of Education(KISE) and Kenyatta University(KU), Head teachers, teachers and learners were considered. Instruments for data collection included an interview guide, a questionnaire and structured a participant observation checklist. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. This study found out that a negative and significant association also existed between beneficiary processing and enrolment rates in Embu and Nairobi City Counties