PT-School of Humanities and Social Sciences.

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Agricultural transformation in Masaba north district, Nyamira county, 1945 -2002
(2014-07-31) Motanya, Isaac; Ndeda, M. A. J.; Kiruthu, Felix Macharia
This- proposal seeks to investigate agricultural transformation in Masaba North, Nyamira County in Kenya, 1945-2002. The district comprises of three divisions, Gesima Gachuba and Rigoma. They will be the focus of our study. The major economic activity in the district is fanning. The inhabitants have been involved in growing cash and food crops over the years. Agricultural development in the district has witnessed transformation from the onset of World War II and after up to 2002. Various agents have contributed to this transformation while experiencing a number of challenges with far reaching socialeconomic impacts. It is in the light of this, the researcher is persuaded to investigate and unfold these developments. Our literature review will be based on general overview on agricultural transformation causes, challenges and its socio- economic impacts among the Gusii of Masaba North, 1945-2002. The study will be guided by two theories; articulation of modes of production where Europeans incorporated and involved African in Various forms in Agriculture resulting to underdevelopment. Here farming activities in third world countries are changing to fit the world Economic system while developed countries are progressing at the expense of the less developed leading to application of second theory of underdevelopment. Our study will adopt descriptive research design. Primary and secondary data will be used to explain the agricultural transformation in the area of study in the period 1945-2002. A sample study will be selected from the district and findings analyzed using descriptive methods. The data will be collected through interview and use of questionnaire. The research will be of value to economists and agriculturalist in understanding trends, challenges and social economic impact of agricultural transformation of Masaba North in the period 1945-2002. It will benefit a wide range of scholars in Economic and Social History.
Anal yse contrastive de la traduction francafs-anglafs du reglement fnterfeur de la cour Afrfcafne de drofts de l'homme et des peuples
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-10) Nyangayo, Christine Juma
This research proposal falls within the context of research on machine translation (Mathieu, 2008) and translation techniques ( Vinay& Darbelnet, 1958) used by these translation software. It concentrates on the translation of specialized texts, in this case the legal translation from French to English using the translation software. Its objectives are: to identify translation techniques used by translation software, identify main challenges faced by translators while using the translation software and compare the quality of translation done by different software, in this case (Power translator and Babylon 9). Data collection methods (observation forms and tables), will enable us identify the translation techniques used by the translation software with the aim of proposing critical reflexions in this field. Choosing a translator is the most difficult and yet most important aspect in the translation process. The translator must be experienced and has to fulfil the needs of his clients. Sometimes documents to be translated can be too many or even too long; therefore machine translation becomes a major remedy to facilitate translation. In fact, time deadlines for translation are important factors to be considered. Thus, the study attempts to propose some translation solutions to those who are interested in machine translation by identifying the translation techniques used by the mentioned software.
Analyse semio-linguistique des Emballages et Etiquettes de Medicaments en Vente Llbre Vendus a Nairobi
(2013-12-28) Abong'o, D. C.; Nzunga, P. K.
Over the counter drugs have become part and parcel of urban lifestyle. They are easily available and affordable. The internet has made it possible to access information on health issues. This has resulted into more and more people turning to self medication as a form of treatment of common ailments. Because of the ready market for over the counter drugs, more pharmaceutical companies have come up to get a share of the lucrative trade. This has led to competition. Marketing plays a big 'role in the competition for the market. We would like to study the advertising structures put in play by the pharmaceutical companies at the packaging level to commercialize their products. We are interested in the semio-linguistic analysis of packaging of painkillers and cough and cold medicines manufactured and sold in Nairobi.
Character and worldview in selected contemporary queer prose fiction from East Africa
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-30) Kariuki, N. Banda
This study aims to investigate the worldview projected through characterization in selected contemporary Eastern African prose fiction. The texts to be studied are: Mark Behr's Embrace (2001), Monica Arac de Nyeko's 'Jambula Tree' (2008), Diriye Osman's 'Earthling' (201O),'Your Silence Will not Protect You' (2012), 'Shoga' (2013), and 'Tell the Sun not to Shine' (2013). In addition, this study seeks to examine the intersection of transnationalism and homosexuality in the selected texts. Through a qualitative approach, the study will utilize documentary research methods. The texts have been selected through theoretical sampling method and will be. subjected to textual analysis. The central presupposition of this study is that queer literary texts from East Africa project homosexuality as an experience that is fraught with fear, repression and uncertainties. Two theoretical approaches underpin this study; queer theory as postulated by Judith Butler, Diana Fuss and Eve Sedgwick among others, and border theory as postulated by scholars such as Gloria Anzaldua, Inge Boer and Walter Mignolo, among others. Border Theory is an important complement to queer theory as both are opposed to the binary discourses that condition subjectivity and are concerned with how this duality can be transcended. The study expects to make a significant contribution by foregrounding voices that challenge heteronormative sexuality in East Africa in particular and Africa in general
Community mental health service provision among discharged mental patients in selected informal settlements, Nairobi county, Kenya
(2014-07-23) Chembeni, James Wabwile; Wasanga, C.M.; Ongecha-Owuor, F. A.
Integrating mental health into primary health care (PHC), a recommendation of the World Health Organization, involves diagnosis and treatment of people with mental illness alongside general health problems and provide comprehensive care to people with mental illness in the community. However, community mental health service provision in Kenya is largely still inadequate as most mental health care remain to be centrally located in mental hospitals among them national referral and County hospitals. The main objective of the study is to determine factors affecting community mental health service provision among discharged mental patients in selected informal settlements of Mathari and Kariobangi in Nairobi County, family and community participation in the promotion of mental health services. The study is a cross sectional descriptive study that will involve non-manipulation of variables in a natural setting and will involve questionnaires, Focus group discussions (FGP). In the study samples are sampled from the health workers i.e. about 20 mentalhealth workers, and patients attending outpatient clinic at Mathari and Kariobangi health centres of which 10% will be sampled, and the community leaders from informal settlements of Mathari Kariobangi. Data will be analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), Kruskal Wallis statistical tests of significance will be used to test significance between the variables.
Correlation between language anxiety and linguistic errors: A case study of form three students in Magumoni Division, Tharaka-Nithi County
(Kenyatta University, 2016-02) Ndumia, Elijah Chege
In this study, the correlation between language anxiety and frequency of linguistic errors in class presentations by form three students will be investigated. The study will be carried out in Magumoni ward, Tharaka-Nithi county. It seeks to establish the anxiety levels among different students during English language presentations, identify the errors in learners’ presentations and investigate the relationship between language anxiety and frequency of the linguistic errors. The data of this study will be collected through questionnaires, audio recording and observation. Random sampling will be used to identify the schools where the study will be undertaken and also to identify the sample population for the study. An adaptation of affective filter hypothesis (Krashen, 1987) and error analysis models will be used in this study. Error analysis (Corder, 1967) will be used in identifying and classifying the errors that the learners make in the cause of their presentation. After collecting the data, it will be closely studied and then coded according to themes and patterns. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics will be used in analysing the data. The research findings will be presented using summaries, discussions, graphs and percentages. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide linguistic insight on the impact of language anxiety on classroom communication and language use.
A critical arbitration of anthropocentric vs eco-centric theoretical controversy in environmental ethics discourse
(2014-08-15) Musee, Fredrick Munini; Makokha, K.; Namwambah, T. D.
The purpose of this study is to settle theoretical dispute between anthropocentrism and eco-centrism on whether new ethics is necessary or not. In particular, the study aims at establishing whether either anthropocentric or eco-centric moral theory can be a sufficient basis for new environmentalism as their respective proponents argue. The central question of this study is: is either anthropocentrism or eco-centrism adequate or an alternative theory but in which the two antagonistic moral approaches are reconciled necessary and possible? Through historical survey we see that anthropocentric vs. ecocentric theoretical controversies have persisted with consequential serious negative impact on environmentalism. An attempt by eco-centrists to defend their position with testimonies from antiquity and with scientific facts and theories has not convinced anthropocentrists. Surprisingly, the latter invoke the same scientific facts and theories as used by eco-centrists as a counter-argument, thus vindicating their (anthropocentrists) position. This absurd situation has enlisted pessimistic attitudes among some philosophers on resolvability of theoretical controversies in environmental ethics. Consequently, there has been a tendency to abandon these theoretical pursuits. This is comprehensible given that the moral theory's consistency with scientific facts and theories is a crucial requirement for its adequacy. But the urgency for a resolution of anthropocentric versus eco-centric theoretical controversy still forces itself with inescapable necessity given serious implications of unresolved theoretical differences on environmentalism. This study aims at formulating a theoretical perspective that helps to resolve the controversy. To do this, each of the party to the controversy will be subjected to a comprehensive and impartial critical evaluation. Particularly, the two conflicting theories will be evaluated against the moral criteria for adequacy of moral theories. According to these criteria, a theory is adequate to the extent to which its underlying worldviews, especially metaphysical assumptions, are rationally and psychologically acceptable. The study will especially focus on rationality and psychological acceptability of metaphysical beliefs found in indigenous and Christian-modern European worldviews in so far as they underlie eco-centric and anthropocentric moral theories respectively. The study will adopt a combination of critical judge model and stage development of moral theory as its conceptual framework. Data collection will take place in library and as such, relevant information will be recorded in form of notes. Then, a philosophical method known as critical method will be employed in analyzing the data. This method consists of analysis and evaluation. It best serves the purpose of this study since the conflicting theories must be analyzed to their ultimate roots and be assessed in order to establish their strengths and weaknesses.
Determinants of effective evidence gathering in criminal investigations in Kiambu district
(2014-08-13) Nyasing' a, Tom Omani; Masiga, C. O.; Buchere, P. B.
In Kenya criminal investigation is experiencing emerging challenges which need to be established in order to address these worrying trends. Failures to effectively gather evidence in the criminal investigation process can have serious consequences like unsolved crimes, unsuccessful prosecution, unpunished offenders and wrongful convictions. This study seeks to assess the determinants of effective evidence gathering in criminal investigation in Kiambu District of Kiambu County. The study objectives will be to find out the capacity of the police officer to gather evidence in criminal investigation, identify types of evidence gathered in criminal investigation, assess crime scene management by the police officers in criminal investigation and identify challenges facing police officers in gathering evidence in criminal investigation in Kiambu District. The study will be guided by the General Systems theory and a conceptual framework. The study will adopt ex post facto research design. From the target population of 258 the study will sample 30% (90) respondents. The senior police officers dealing with crime, judicial officials and crime investigators experts will be selected purposively while police officers attached to criminal department and police officers who are on general duty will be selected randomly. The study will use questionnaires and interview schedules as primary data collection instruments. The senior police officers, judicial officials and medical officer selected will be interviewed while the junior police officers and criminal investigation officer experts will fill the questionnaires. Data collected will be analyzed both descriptively and statistically. Qualitative data will be analyzed using the thematic method, while quantitative data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, modes, means, variances or standard deviations. Chisquare, t-test and cross-tabulation will be used to test the relationship between the study variables. This study will be an important contribution to the formulation and adoption of a comprehensive policy on effective evidence gathering in criminal investigation and reduction of crime rates in Kenya. It will also fill the existing gap of literature and create reference points for scholars, government and the stakeholders in Kenya.
Determinants of Employee Morale and Satisfaction among PUBLIC Servants in Kenya: The Case of Study of the Public Service Commission (PSC)
(2013-12-16) Ohando, E. O.; Minja, D.
The study is intended to investigate the determinant of staff morale and satisfaction among public servants in Kenya focusing case of study of the public service commission. The study will be based on samples that are representative of the population representing staff at PSC using descriptive and inferential statistics to provide information on estimations, association description, relationship' of data and prediction among others. The source of information shall be primary from the respondents and secondary data as explained from literature reviews and case studies by other researchers. The researcher will adopt the descriptive survey method with a target population of 209 respondents. The target population will be stratified into six departments existing at the PSC. The research adopted in this study will be descriptive survey aimed at collecting information from the respondents on nature of work, perception, work conditions, management style, policy, and attitude and seeks to describe and analyze the behavior of staff and their groups from the perspective of the study. The researcher shall examine what will have been collected in a survey classify, analyse compare data and interpret results of data collected. The data will then be coded to enable the responses to be grouped into categorical variables for analysis purposes using descriptive and inferential statistics to enable researcher draw reasonable conclusions or inferences about characteristics of populations based on sampled data. The analysis of collected and coded questionnaires will be done by using SPSS version 20.The result of data analysis will be presented in form of tables, charts and graphs as appropriate for clarity, ease of understanding and draw conclusions.
Determinants of Negative Perceptions towards Narok County Council by the Resident Communities.
(2013-12-17) Lemita, L.; Kisombei, G.; Kiruthu, Felix Macharia
The Narok County Council offers a range of services for the community living in its area of jurisdiction - Narok North and South Districts. Some of these services include provision of bursaries to students from poor families in both secondary and tertiary institutions. Through LATF, which is a fund from the central Government to all local authorities, the council sponsors capital projects like construction of schools, road repairs, sinking boreholes and dispensaries. The council is also responsible for Early Childhood Education by employing teachers in these centers. It also mobilizes the community for disease awareness, like HIV/AIDS, markets cleaning and funding the disabled and other less fortunate members of society. Other services provided by the council include defraying medical bills, managing cattle dips and market planning. With this important role in the provision of services, the council still faces a big image problem. In the recent past the council experienced massive public demonstration against it, culminating in the destruction of council property. It's against this background that this study seeks to identify factors responsible for this negative perception towards the council by the public with a view to come up with suggestions or recommendations to boost the council's image/reputation. The location of this study is the County Council ofNarok area of jurisdiction - Narok North and South districts. The target population will include a sample of the people living in both Narok North and South districts, the council's senior, middle level and junior officers. Others include councilors, area members of parliament and key informants. Descriptive survey design will be used in the study. Both random and non-random sampling techniques will be employed in the study to select samples to be studied. The researcher will use questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions and observations to conduct the study. The data will be collected by following systematic procedures. The data will be analyzed using statistical and graphical techniques which include measures of central tendency (the mean, median, and mode) and measures of dispersion (the variance, range). Graphical presentations will include histograms, bar-graphs, cumulative frequency curves and pie-charts. The literature reviewed covered countries in Europe, the Americas, Africa and the Middle East. The literature included books, journals, Academic papers, newspapers, official council and ministry records.
Determinants of participation of boys and girls in student leadership, a case of Laikipia east constituency, laikipia county, Kenya
(2014-08-12) Muriithi, Caroline Nyaguthii; Okemwa, Pacificah Florence; Wamue-Ngare, G.N.
The proposed study seeks to examine the determinants of participation of boys and girls in student leadership in mixed secondary schools in Laikipia East Constituency, Laikipia County of Kenya. This is because, while population by gender in these schools is almost equal; 55.4% boys and 44.6% girls, most leadership positions are held by boys. The above scenario poses possible challenges to the quest to have boys and girls enjoy equal opportunities in all spheres. If not addressed from all plausible angles, it may hinder any positive outcomes of a gender responsive society. The key aspects to be established by this study shall include; the exact ratio of boys and girls in student councils, characteristics considered in selection of student leaders, methods used in the selection and any effective strategies that may help in achieving parity in student representation in mixed secondary schools. The proposed study shall employ a descriptive survey design to collect primary and secondary data with the main instrument being the questionnaire backed up by interviews. The target population shall be all the twelve mixed secondary schools of which a 30% sample of four shall be picked using probability sampling methods. Data will be coded and later analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software. The anticipated results can be of help to school administrators, policy makers, education counselors and sociologists who are constantly making efforts to achieving a gender responsive society.
Determinats of Women Participation in Football Leagues in Thika West and Gatundu North Districts of Kiambu County, , Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-09) Wangari, Gorreti
Although Kenya is well known as a sporting nation across the world especially due to its achievements in athletics, participation of women in football is quite low. Football is viewed as a man's game and therefore, the few women who are interested in it get fewer chances to play the game as compared to men. The study which focuses on participation of women in football will be guided by four objectives namely: to determine the status of women's participation in football league in the last two years; investigate factors influencing the participation of women in the local football leagues; to identify the challenges faced by women football players who participate in football leagues; and to suggest the interventions that may be put in place to increase women's participation in the local football leagues. This study will provide knowledge that will aid the understanding of the phenomenon of participation of women in football leagues. Social conflict theory by Karl Marx will be used in the study. The study will be done in a rural setting- Gatundu North District and an urban setting -Thika West District. The players of the twenty teams in the two Districts will form the target population out of which ten will be selected from each of the divisions within the two districts. Other respondents will include managers, coaches, government officers in Sports and Gender departments and officials of FKF. The study will use questionnaires to collect data from women football players, their coaches and managers, FKF officials, government sports and NGO officers. An observation check list will also be used to confirm most of the information obtained. Data will then be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages which will be developed both manually and using computer programs. The information will be presented in tables, charts and bar graphs where appropriate. Qualitative data will be categorized into themes and interpreted in a narrative form.
Devolved System of Governance an Investigation of Resource Distribution Conflicts in Migori County in Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2015-10) Burure, James Ginono
Devolution is an important aspect of socio-political process that transfers authority and responsibility in planning, management and decision making from a central government to Local Government. However, it continues to invite controversy and debate in public services management as opponents of devolution consider it the road to wrack and ruin, whereas its advocate see it as a panacea for reforming the public services in developing countries. A study therefore to investigate the conflicts that arise at the local level when distributing devolved resources and examine the challenges or strength is necessary. The main purpose of this study was to identify the main causes of conflict at the County levels when distributing and managing devolved resources in Kenya, Migori County was chosen because it is a cosmopolitan County with several ethnic groups. The Study investigated the causes of conflict among leaders and their perceptions from the local populace in Migori County and their effect in terms of ethnic relations, the socio-political power distribution in Migori County and how resource distribution affects ethnic relations among residents of Migori County. The target population was 50 leaders in Migori County, which included 1 governor, 1 deputy governor, 8 Member of Parliament and 40 member of county assembly. A census was used as sampling technique. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. Data collected was analysed by the use of Statistical Package for the social sciences (SPSS) computer package, summarized and presented in the form of simple frequency tables, and pie charts
Early Warning Systems as An Etjino-Political Conflict Management Method in Nakuru County: 1963-2010"
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-08) Odonde, Fredrick Apiyo
The concept of conflict early warning systems (EWS) has re-emerged in recent years as a result of conflicts such as the genocide in Rwanda 1994 and post-election violence (PEV) 2007/08 in Kenya. This study will investigate the role of conflict EWS in ethno-political conflict management in Nakuru County between 1963 and 2010. The study will only focus on ethnic conflicts within Kenyan communities inhabiting Nakuru County. Preventive diplomacy, transformation and structural conflict perspectives have been employed as prisms and frame of analysis for this study. A descriptive survey design will be used while adopting a qualitative approach. Data will be collected from key informants drawn from both state and non-state actors as well as the local population in the study site. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions will be the techniques used for data collection. Purposive sampling will.be utilized as the sampling method while content analysis process will be applied as a data analysis method. This study seeks to find ways to prevent the incipient conflicts in Kenya with a view to fostering sustainable peace. The case of Nakuru County will contribute to the theoretical knowledge of ethno-political conflict management in the region and highlight some of the attendant practical problems related to the new field of conflict EW in Africa. As a paradigm shift in conflict management, the study will contribute to an emerging yet promising field of preventive diplomacy.
Ecole des sciences humaines et sociales departement des langues etrangeres
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-30) Mulama, Hillary Shitambasi,
Research shows that speech work is a commonly neglected aspect in the teaching of French as a foreign language in spite of difficulties experienced by learners in this regard. The current study seeks to examine pronunciation difficulties on the part of secondary school learners of French in Kenya following numerous reports showing evidence of this problem in the national oral examinations. The relevant data will be collected from thirty secondary schools systematically sampled from the Counties of Nairobi and Bungoma. As such, the study sample will comprise recordings of topical exposes by 60 students of French in fourth form, three text books used in the teaching of French in Kenyan secondary schools, and responses to a questionnaire addressed to 30 teachers of French. The recorded expositions will be analyzed by both Contrastive Analysis and Error Analysis while a speech work-based content analysis will be done on the text books. The data collected will be descriptively presented by use of frequencies, tables and percentages, It is hoped that the findings and recommendations of this study will shape and improve actions by concerned stakeholders in Kenya namely students and teachers of French, teacher trainers, policy makers as well as researchers in this field Plusieurs recherches montrent qu'actuellement I'enseignement du Francais Langue Etrangere continue a marginaliser la prononciation malgre les difficultes qui abondent chez les apprenants a I' egard de cet aspect. C'est dans ce contexte que la presente etude va aborder la problematique de prononciation chez les apprenants de FLE au Kenya compte tenu des difficultes de prononciation constamment signalees dans les rapports portant sur les examens nationaux oraux du francais. L'etude sera menee dans trente eccles secondaires .kenyanes systematiquement choisies dans les departements de Nairobi et Bungoma. Ainsi, notre corpus d'analyse comprendra les enregistrements d'exposes en francais par 60 apprenants de francais en quatrieme annee, trois manuels utilises pour l'enseignement de francais a I'ecole secondaire au Kenya et des reponses de trente enseignants de francais qui repondront a un questionnaire. Les productions orales des apprenants seront analysees selon deux modeles notamment l'Analyse Contrastive et l'Analyse d'Erreur alors que les manuels seront soumis a une analyse d'aspects phonetiques et prosodiques. Les donnees recoltees seront presentees par moyen de frequences, tableaux et pourcentages. Nous esperons que les resultats et recommandations de cette etude seront utiles aux differentes personnes et institutions impliquees dans la didactique du francais au Kenya surtout les apprenants et les enseignants de la matiere, les formateurs des enseignants, les decideurs politiques et les chercheurs dans ce domaine.
The effect of the proliferation of small arms and light weapons on provision of education in Kacheliba constituency, West Pokot county, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-08) Famba, Paul
Kacheliba Constituency falls in the pastoral livelihood zones of Kenya. It experiences intermittent armed conflict with neighboring communities in form of cattle rustling. This regular conflict is a continuous source of tension and insecurity, two conditions that catalyze proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) in the area. Consequently, the area is regarded as one of those with highest concentration of SALW in Kenya. TIns study proposes to assess the effects of proliferation of small arms and light weapons on provision of Education in Kacheliba Constituency. Tills proposed study will determine the effect of proliferation of SALW on teaching and learning facilities, assess the effect of proliferation of SALW on distribution of teaching and non-teaching staff and establish the influence of the proliferation of SALW on Standard of Education in the area. The target population will be all 111 public and private schools (both primary and secondary) within Kacheliba Constituency. The study will be a descriptive survey and will gather and interpret both quantitative and qualitative data. Both purposive and stratified sampling will be used to select the respondents. In total, 20% of schools (23) will be targeted according to Gay who postulates that 10%-20% of the population is sufficient for reliable findings. The sample size will be 53. Research instruments will be both a Questionnaire and a key informant interview. The questionnaire will be administered randomly among the school heads and learners' representatives from schools within Kacheliba Constituency. The key informant interview will be administered to the Deputy County Commissioner ofPokot North Sub-county, Sub-county Education officer and the Subcounty Education Quality Assurance officer. Secondary data will also be obtained from reports and publications that show the performance of the Constituency at National examinations. Quantitative data obtained will be analyzed statistically by use of Statistical Program for Social Scientists (SPSS) and will be summarized into tables of frequencies and percentages. Qualitative data obtained will be analyzed along the objectives of the study. It will be used to supplement interpretation of the quantitative data. Information obtained from the study will be of help to researchers who will use it as a point of reference for further studies in the issues of education in areas with armed conflict. It will also gather information helpful to Government policy makers and practitioners involved in conflict resolution who will gain insight in to state of affairs on education in Kacheliba Constituency.
Effects of Makueni Budget Economic Forum on Public Participation, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2019) Mukhongo, Jennifer Nafula
The proposal is developed for the study on Effects of Budget Economic Forum on Public Participation in Makueni County government, Kenya. The introduction of the CBEF at county level through the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 2012 was intended to enhance public participation. The essence of this study is to find out the contribution of County Budget Economic Forum (CBEF) in enhancing public participation at county level. The objectives of the study are: to determine the capacity of CBEF Members, their representation, coordination mechanism and contribution to the budget making process. Data shall be collected using questionnaires to gauge attitudes, values, and opinions of both the CBEF and Makueni county residents’ representatives in the budget making process. For the CBEF members, the questionnaires shall be emailed to them while for the public, the questionnaire shall be administered by the researcher. A census shall be conducted for all the CBEF members, while for Makueni residents, snowball sampling shall be used to identify the sampled respondents. The findings of this study shall be evaluated in light of three theories namely: elite/mass theory, stakeholder theory and incrementalism theory. The study shall be carried out in the confines of ethical standards for research which include attaining of research approval documents, and treating the data from the respondents with confidentiality. Data shall be coded, collated in different themes, and presented in tables, charts and bar graphs as appropriate.
Ethnicity and KANU party politics: The case of Nairobi County c, 1960- 2008
(2014-07-28) Murathi, Antony K.; Mwangi, S.O.
Various studies have captured different aspects of politics in colonial and postindependent Kenya. While these studies have contributed to our understanding of political processes and democratic transitions in Kenya, there are still some issues in Kenya's politics that have not been given adequate scholarly attention and therefore require further investigation. In order to have a comprehensive analysis of Kenya's political processes, there's a need to investigate how ethnicity has influenced party politics at the grassroots level. This study seeks to examine ways in which the use of ethnicity as a tool for political mobilization influenced and shaped the organization of KANU party politics. The study also seeks to demonstrate that ethnicity entrenched itself in Kenya during the colonial period. The study is premised on the assumption that the ethnic allegiance of Kenya's political parties is rooted in the colonial legacy. The colonial experience prior to 1960-indirect rule, administrative separation of communities, and the district association policy of 1950's, all worked in manifold ways to cement ethnic identification in Kenya.Ethnic cleavage reverberated in the nationalist movement, particularly from 1955, when the colonial government re-allowed African political organizations operating strictly at the district level. Post-independence political parties in Kenya continued to expound ethnic cleavage by gravitating around the ethnic pole and lacking a national appeal. It is also assumed that ethnicity largely crystallized as the rallying point for organizing KANU party politics in Kenya. The study will employ an integrated theoretical approach, adopting views from. a variety of theoretical paradigms such as Marxism, the Primordial and Instrumental perspectives. The concept of Neo-Patrimonialism with its appendage, 'clientelisni' school of thought, is also useful in this study and will help us to analyze post-independence politics in Kenya with regard to ethnicity and political mobilization. The study will analyze data from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data will come from field research, carried out in the three administrative districts of Nairobi City County. Informants will be selected on the basis of their knowledge of political affairs in Nairobi County and Kenya in general. Secondary data from various sources will be subjected to historical criticism in order to verify its validity. Ultimately, data from primary and secondary sources will be corroborated for authenticity and reliability
FM radio entertainment programs and parental guidance among youth in selected churches in Nairobi county in Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2014-10-30) Kinyuru, Joseph Mwongi
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Frequency Modulation (FM) radio entertainment programs on parental guidance among Christians in Nairobi County. Parental guidance is influenced by various factors including education and interaction with different value systems as propagated by mass media. Proper conduct in radio broadcasting is a global issue, and Kenya is not an exception. At the same time, there has been a global wave that equates freedom of the press with freedom of expression and by extension, human rights. This suggests that media outlets should be left alone to regulate themselves without any interference from other sectors of the society. Thus, the world has moved towards liberalization of the airwaves, allowing broadcasters to enter the media arena at an unprecedented rate. While liberalization of the airwaves is applauded by practitioners, local evidence shows growing uneasiness with regard to morning' and evening entertainment programs played on Classic 105 FM as well as Kiss 100 FM. It is apparent that FM radio stations have the prerogative of setting the discursive agenda in the society. Their choice of agenda is the bone of contention with some topics straying into matters on sex and fidelity in marriage. This leads some parents to the view that society seems to have liberalized moral conduct of their children through provision of alternative educators in the form of these FM radio entertainment programs. In Kenya, about 80% of the population practice Christianity. Given this situation, the main objective of this study is to investigate the role that these FM radio entertainment programs played on Classic 105 FM as well as Kiss 100 FM morning and evening programs have on parental guidance as a Christian religious duty among parents in Nairobi County in Kenya. This study uses a mixed methodological approach that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative research methods. It targets three hundred respondents. These will include one hundred and fifty young people, thirty church leaders and youth pastors as well as one hundred and twenty parents. Quantitative data will be gathered using standard questionnaires. This will be analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented in frequencies and percentages. Description of feelings, sentiments and attitudes as gathered through qualitative research will be employed to give a blended picture. The study seeks to use two media theories namely Powerful Effects Model as well Cultivation Theory in order to interpret data received from the field. The study hopes to map a way in which Christian parents may be able to reclaim their vantage role of guiding their children on positive media consumption
Impact of occupational stress on job performance among criminal investigation police officers: case of Nairobi county, Kenya
(2014-08-13) Kangu, Timothy Mumanyi
It is a well known fact that a job occupation causes stress on the personnel involved. The study will examine the impact of occupational stress on job performance among police officers under the Directorate of Criminal Investigation in Nairobi County. Despite extensive research on the general concept of occupational stress in many occupations, particularly in Kenya, little has been done about the problem in the police organization. Therefore, the expected outcome of the study will be to recommend to the DCI the appropriate interventions necessary to address the problem of occupational stress on job performance among police officers. The specific objectives will be; to find out the prevalence of occupational stress across the ranks, gender and years of service among police officers under the DCI in Nairobi County, to assess the effects of occupational stress on job performance among police officers under the DCI ill Nairobi county, to identify coping strategies for addressing occupational stress among police officers under the DCI in Nairobi County and lastly to find out what should be done to manage occupational stress among police officer. The study will be guided by the interactive theory to analyze the theoretical background of the problem explain the research findings. The study will use descriptive survey design to collect data from a population comprising 400 police officers under the DCI in Nairobi County. Stratified random sampling will be used to select the respondents from this population. Primary data will be collected using semistructured interviews and questionnaires while secondary data will be collected

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