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Item Critical Success Factors and Implementation of Donor Funded Projects in Homabay County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Mzee, JeremiahThe achievement of project implementation hinges on both internal and external factors that dictate the optimal approach for planning, developing, monitoring, and executing the project until successful conclusion. Standards are crucial in a world that is becoming more and more complicated. This study investigated the critical success factors on the implementation of donor funded projects. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the effect of stakeholder involvement, resource availability, monitoring and evaluation, leadership and project risk management on the implementation of donor funded projects and to find out the effect of political environment on the implementation of donor funded projects in Homabay County, Kenya. The research was based on Stakeholders Theory Model, Critical Success Factors Model, Resource-Based Theory, and Realistic Evaluation Theory. The research involved 60 participants who were project managers, project team members, and were selected from 15 ongoing projects using a census method. Information was gathered through the use of a survey form. The instrument's validity was confirmed by consulting the supervisor. An initial study was carried out to confirm the instrument's trustworthiness. Cronbach alpha was utilized to assess reliability. Statistical analysis of data was conducted using both descriptive and inferential methods. Descriptive statistics consisted of averages, occurrence frequencies, percentages, and standard deviation, whereas inferential statistics included Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) were utilized to analyze the data. The research showed that stakeholder engagement, access to resources, oversight, and leadership positively impact the execution of donor supported initiatives in Homabay County, Kenya. The research findings suggest that stakeholders possess a vast amount of knowledge regarding existing procedures, past data, and insights into the industry. Resource availability enables organizations to maximize their personnel by gaining knowledge about their workloads, availability, project time commitments, skills, and other factors. The process of monitoring and evaluating involves systematically assessing project development and progress, then reporting to stakeholders. Good leadership guides the project team by establishing clear goals and objectives, providing direction and vision. The research suggests that successful stakeholder engagement management needs a thorough strategy involving continuous communication, listening, and collaboration. Project managers must organize all the required resources for the project and categorize them based on tasks. In the project's development stage, shareholders must be informed about the team's challenges and new initiatives being implemented. Having good communication skills is essential for project managers. Great leaders must understand how to utilize conflict positively, as the most innovative ideas are often generated through confronting differing viewpointsItem Occupational pension schemes uptake and employees’ Motivation at metropolitan hospital Nairobi city County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-04) Njoroge, Catherine WanjiruThis study investigated the impact of occupational pension schemes on employee motivation within the context of Metropolitan Hospital in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were to investigate the impact of employer related determinants of occupational pension schemes, trustee related factors, and regulatory determinants of occupational pension schemes on motivation of employees in healthcare institutions. This study applied social learning, life cycle hypothesis, and incentive theories to examine the intricate relationship between pension schemes and workplace motivation. The research design encompassed a descriptive study that aimed to gather data and formulate knowledge principles concerning employee motivation within the context of occupational pension schemes. The target population comprised 400 full-time employees at Metropolitan Hospital Nairobi, with a sample of 140 employees, who were members of the Occupational Pension Scheme, selected through purposive and stratified random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires, encompassing demographic information and sections on employer-related factors, regulatory-related determinants, and trustee influence on employee motivation. Data analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis using SPSS. Ethical considerations, such as obtaining research permits and ensuring participant confidentiality, were diligently adhered to throughout the study. Key findings of the study revealed that employer-related, trustee-related, and regulatory-related determinants significantly impacted employee motivation. Employer-related factors, such as scheme management and communication, had a positive influence, while trustee-related factors played a crucial role. Regulatory measures also affected motivation. The study concluded by offering recommendations to enhance pension schemes in healthcare institutions and boost employee motivation, emphasizing transparency, communication, governance, and collaboration among stakeholders. The research highlighted the significance of tailoring pension schemes to enhance employee motivation, offering insights for healthcare management, policymakers, and organizations like Metropolitan Hospital. Despite challenges in data collection, the study contributed to the understanding of this crucial issue in the healthcare industry.Item Strategy implementation drivers and performance of Kenya Airport Authority: a case of Moi International Airport Mombasa County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2023-07) Mwangi, Nahashon MwauraAmidst ever-emerging airports dynamics that make competition stiffer day-by-day, airports can use variety of strategy implementation drivers to maximize their performance. Kenya Airport Authority developed a five-year tactical plan to improve the overall performance for the company. However, the expected outcomes have not been obtained. Many researchers have pointed out on strategic management process but very few have attempted to prove that strategy implementation can yield better results owning to the fact that Kenya Airports Authority largely contribute to the country’s economy. This prompted this research on strategy implementation drivers on performance of Kenya Airports Authority: A case of Moi International Airport, in Kenya’s Mombasa County. The following specific goals steered the study; strategic communication, strategic structures, strategic leadership, and strategic resources on performance of Kenya Airports Authority: A case of Moi International Airport, Mombasa County in Kenya. The balance scorecard model, open system theory, transformational leadership theory, and resource-based philosophy served as the study's guiding theories. Descriptive research methodology was employed in the study. 66 respondents from Moi International Airport made up the sample population. Due of the limited population, the researcher utilized a census research design. The information was gathered via a semi-structured questionnaire. A pilot study was undertaken to test and assess the data collection tool's accuracy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The research results were presented using pie charts, tables, and graphs. The majority of respondents agreed with numerous performance indicators, including those for strategic communication, strategic structure, strategic leadership, and strategic resources. Correlation analysis found a statistically significant association between performance and strategic communication, strategic structure, strategic leadership and strategic resources. Further, the model summary revealed that 83.1% of disparity in the performance was due to changes in strategic communication, strategic structure, strategic leadership and strategic resources. A conclusion was made that adopting an excellent implementation driver’s yield better organizational performance. The researcher recommended that engaging employees in communication, adoption of a collaborative structure, deployment of strategic leaders, mobilizing and building networks of resources, could do this. The study outcomes will help airports’ management in improving their performance and gaining an advantage over competitors. The study's findings will be used as guidance for those who make policies as they come up with rules and regulations governing airports.Item Total quality management practices and service delivery of selected public hospitals in Machakos County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Abuor, Victor OdhiamboThe fundamental right for all citizens is to be able to access health care needs in a timely manner that meets the quality standards recommended by World Health Organization. Machakos County has put in place infrastructural needs, resource allocation, and recruitment of competent staff, partnership and collaboration with relevant stakeholders to enhance service delivery within its public hospitals. However, there is inefficiencies and ineffectiveness evidenced in prolonged waiting time, absence of essential medical supplies, overcrowding and shortage of qualified personnel that have reduced service delivery. The study intended to establish total quality management practices and service delivery of selected public hospitals in Machakos County. Specific objectives were; to find out the effect of continuous improvement, to establish the effect of customer focus strategies, to determine the effect of top management support and to find out the effect of employee involvement on service delivery of selected public hospitals in Machakos County, Kenya. Deming theory of quality and SERVEQUAL model guided the study. Descriptive research design was used with a target population of 35 public hospitals and 800 healthcare workers in Machakos County. The sample was 267 healthcare professionals generated using Yamane sample size formula. Stratified random sampling was used to group respondents according to their similarities. Systematic random sampling aided the identification of respondents from their groups. Semistructured questionnaire enabled the generation of primary data. Pilot study was done in Athi River with all six public hospitals. Content validity, expert opinion and face validity enabled the determination of the instrument’s validity. Internal consistency was used to establish reliability of the instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in primary data analysis with the aid of SPSS version 23. Diagnostic tests such as normality, multicollinearity and autocorrelation were done. All approvals from relevant authorities, compliance to data protection laws, voluntary participation and respect to all research stakeholders guided the conduct of the research study. The findings showed that continuous improvement had a direct and positive relationship with service delivery. Continuous improvement had positive and significant effect on service delivery. The results demonstrated that customer focused strategy had positive relationship and had significant effect on service delivery. The study revealed that even though top management had a positive relationship, it did not have any significant effect on service delivery. The findings showed that employee involvement had positive relationship and had significant effect on service delivery in selected public hospitals of Machakos County. The study concluded that continuous improvement had effect on service delivery while customer focused strategy was effective in improving service delivery. It was concluded that top management support did not have any significant effect on delivery of services. The study concluded that the involvement of employees had significant effect on service delivery. It was recommended that public hospitals should regularly undertake service evaluation in line with total quality management practices, incorporation of customer satisfaction feedback in total quality management practices, commitment from top management on total quality management practices and inclusion of employee suggestions in decision making on total quality management practices to enhance service delivery. Future studies could be done in the county targeting private healthcare to benchmark the study findings and to incorporate moderating and mediating variables to establish any similarity in the findingsItem Audit Committee Characteristics and Performance of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2023-10) Salenoi, Hudson OloishuroWorldwide, the effectiveness of the government plays a significant role in fostering economic growth within a nation. This is because the government is responsible for nurturing a skilled workforce, creating a business-friendly regulatory and investment climate, and developing the necessary infrastructure for the flow of goods and information. In this context, the audit committee serves a vital function by overseeing and helping the board monitor an organization's responsibilities, making their role crucial in ensuring sound financial management. In Kenya like other developing countries, the public expectations and priorities are changing. Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the public sector through performance measurement has been widely acknowledged as essential. Despite a growing demand for public services, the prevailing financial limitations force numerous public organizations to accomplish their goals with fewer available resources. However, these can only be assured through effective auditing of the public sector. Recently, the government of Kenya has recommended the constitution of audit committees of all government ministries. The purpose of the research is to explore how audit committee qualities affect the IEBC's performance in Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of audit committee member qualifications, size, independence and gender diversity on the performance of the independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission in Kenya. The study was anchored to the agency theory, Stewardship Theory and the policeman theory. An explanatory research design was chosen to achieve the study's objectives. The population of study was the management staff at the IEBC secretariat who total to 129. This consisted of 129 respondents. A sample of 65 respondents, constituting 50% of the target population, was randomly selected for this study. Primary data was collected utilizing self-administered semi-structured questionnaires. This analysis was helped by the employment of SPSS software. The findings were disseminated using various visual aids such as tables, charts, graphs, frequencies, and percentages. The research findings from this study offered an opportunity for individual parastatals and the public sector to assess their audit committee characteristics in comparison to other entities within the same sector in the country. This assessment enabled them to identify both the strengths and weaknesses in their audit committee practices.Item Enterprise resource planning integration and sustainability of academic processes of the universities in the coastal region, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Mutua, Muli StanleyEnterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are popular with large organizations spanning across big towns and cities in the world and not leaving out universities as institutions of higher learning. The purpose of ERP systems in the universities is to automate, customize and streamline the flow of information in their academic processes which comprise of student records, admissions, student finances, examination until graduation. The general objective of this study was to investigate enterprise resource planning integration and sustainability of academic processes in the coastal region, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to determine the effects of data security, information storage, management support and ERP infrastructure and sustainability of academic processes of the universities in the coastal region, Kenya. The study was anchored on resource-based view, technology acceptance model, diffusion of innovation theory and sustainability theory. The target population were 11 universities in the coastal region. The study employed census sampling design to sample 100 IT specialists from the 11 universities. In this study, descriptive research design was used. The study established that Data Security, (β= 0.187) and Information Storage, (β=0.208) positively impact sustainability of academic processes at 0.05 alpha. Similarly, it was noted that Management Support (β= 0.271) and ERP infrastructure (β= 0.333) statistically influence sustainability of academic processes. An important aspect that must be taken into account for a business to be successful is data security. Therefore, for successful cyber security preparation and reaction, a knowledge of data risk categorization is crucial. An organization's efficiency is correlated with its information storage capacity. Thus, in order to understand the volume of work being done, the capacity of data storage systems in a corporation must be established. The achievement of organizational goals depends heavily on management support. As a result, management must possess inherent abilities in motivating and supporting employees. A reliable ERP infrastructure is a key element in an organization's performance. This implies that improving organizational effectiveness through the integration of effective ICT networks. The ERP system can be seen as a tool for increasing competitiveness, strengthening organizational performance, and attaining business goals. This study recommends that data security needs to be appropriately handled by individuals who have the knowledge and abilities to safeguard and operationalize organizational data. The development of a strong ICT infrastructure is essential for a business's operations to be successful. Thirdly, management must have plans for the professional growth of staff members in order to boost business success. The significance of information technology architecture is crucial to improving organizational productivity. This validates the necessity for businesses to put in place a solid information technology infrastructure that will enable them to accomplish a range of organizational objectives and surpass their competitors financiallyItem Human Resource Management Practices and Performance of Employees in Nyeri County Government, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Mwangi, Bonlface MbaaruEmployee performance is vital for organizational growth. The capacity to effectively manage one's employees is, second only to the ability to generate a profit, a crucial competency for every business owner. Organizations often find it easier to fulfill this criteria when they have a well-defined policy for human resources. Adhering to ethical and legal standards in the workplace is often more successful than trying to impose one-size-fits-all regulations on employees. Human resource management practices design the most efficient and effective ways to carry out any task for a company. Organizations may maximize employee performance with the support of well-thought-out human resource policies. These policies include topics such as pay, career progression, performance reviews, and incentive pay. Nyeri County Government employees continue to perform below par despite the implementation and use of these HRM practices. The fundamental goal of the research was to deduce how human resource management practices affect employee performance in the Nyeri County Government in Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to find out how career development, compensation, performance appraisal and training affect employee performance in Nyeri County Government, Kenya.Theory from Krumboltz, best-fit, resource-based viewpoint, and expectancy all served to bolster the study's variables. The target population consisted of 387 respondents, including 8 sub-county administrators, 30 ward administrators, 324 clerical officers and 25 directors. The researcher sampled 197 respondents, which included 4 Sub-County Administrators, 15 Ward Administrators, 165 Clerical Officers and 13 directors. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from ward and clerical officers, and interview schedules to gather qualitative data from sub-county administrators. A pilot study was conducted using 10% of the original study's sample size, the exercise was utilized to ascertain validity and reliability. The researcher used Cronbach's alpha to assess statistical reliability and internal consistency, and HRM professionals validated the survey's content and face validity. The survey's Cronbach's alpha coefficient was high enough. Descriptive statistics such as mean, mode, and median, as well as inferential statistics like regression and correlation, were used to examine the data. Figures, tables, and charts were used to display the results of the research. The findings showed that staff performance was positively and significantly affected by career growth, pay, performance reviews, and training. Career development, the survey found, decreases employee turnover by increasing promoting opportunities. The best and brightest minds in any field are attracted to companies that provide competitive salaries and benefits packages. The performance review is a chance to talk about what is wrong, where someone may improve, how to fix it (such by giving training), and how to do it better than before. Improving the quality of work, expanding the talent mix throughout your teams and organization, and facilitating skill growth are all outcomes of investing in your workers via training. The report suggests that the company should make learning and development its fundamental principles and make sure that these principles are evident in its people strategy and business choices. It is important for the company to regularly assess its compensation practices to make sure they are equitable and in line with market norms. Organizations should check that their performance evaluation procedures line up with their stated aims. Organizations should know exactly what they aim to accomplish with staff training, whether it is to boost sales, improve retention rates, or reduce HR complaintsItem Strategic Responses and Operational Performance of Savings and Credit Co-Operative Societies in Garissa County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-03) Salahdin, Adan SheikhWeak laws, poor financial management, leadership, governance, and political intervention are only a few of the numerous problems plaguing the co-operative societies sector in Kenya and, specifically, those operating in Garissa County. Consequently, savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County have used a variety of strategic solutions in an effort to boost their operational effectiveness, although the true impact of these measures remains unclear. In this light, The specific objectives guiding this study are: to determine the effect of innovation strategies on operational performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County, to assess the effect of customer relations management on operational performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County, to determine the effect of staff training on operational performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County and to assess the effect of product pricing on operational performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County. The overarching goal of this research is to learn how strategic responses have influenced the efficiency and effectiveness of savings and credit cooperative societies in Garissa County. The study is anchored on the following theory open systems approach theory, institutional theory, resource based view. The study us a descriptive research design. The population consisted of 250 workers at 10 different savings and credit cooperative societies across Garissa County. A sample of 154 workers and 10 managers were randomly chosen for the research. The questionnaire were used to collect primary data from the institutions' administration by the researcher. Descriptive statistics such as Central tendency and dispersion measurements, such as standard deviation and mean were used. Inferential statistics such as regression and correlations were used. Tables and graphs were used to present numerical information, with accompanying text providing context. The study showed that a significant positive link was also found between strategic innovation indicators and the successes of public institutions, customer relations management strategies have a significant effect on operational performance, staff training strategies had significant effect on operational performance and product pricing strategies significantly influenced operational performance. The study recommends that policy makers and strategists working for savings and credit cooperative societies operating in Garissa County should give more weight on innovation strategies when making decisions on strategic responses.Item Change management strategies and performance of equity bank limited in Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-05) Njuguna, Ruth WanguiThe banking industry assets in Kenya accounts for forty-nine percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product, and this sector continues to grow with private sector gross loans. A report from Equity Bank Limited indicates a decline in return on assets and return on equity, accompanied by an increase in operating expenses. In the global business environment, numerous internal and external factors impact the success of banks. Firms implement change management strategies to enhance their performance in response to these factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between change management strategies and the performance of Equity Bank Limited. The specific objectives included determining the effects of innovation strategy, restructuring strategy, strategic leadership, and strategic partnerships on firm performance. The study was guided by key theories, such as The McKinsey 7S model, balanced scorecard theory, and leading change theory, in selecting research variables. The target population consisted of 1610 members of management staff at Equity Bank Limited headquarters. This was senior, middle-level, and functional managers responsible for driving the bank's strategy. A questionnaire served as the research tool to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Additionally, secondary data from published sources and open data repositories was used. Statistical software for social sciences was employed for data analysis, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistics. Measures of dispersion, central tendencies, and frequencies were computed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions software. Content analysis was applied to qualitative data, to find recurring themes. To represent the gathered data, frequency tables along with a pie chart was presented. The correlation coefficient, R, revealed a strong association at 0.874 between the variables. Moreover, the R2 coefficient, at 0.764, suggested that 76.4% of Equity Bank’s performance could be attributed to changes in independent variables. The research highlighted strategic leadership as the key influencer to firm performance. Restructuring strategy was also seen as an effective strategy that positively impacted firm performance. According to the research, organizations should focus on building and nurturing strategic partnerships with other entities, such as suppliers, distributors, and complementary businesses as this improves performance. Innovation should be integrated into the firm's culture together with processes, enabling continuous development for new services, products, and processes which leverage on competitive advantageItem Virtual Banking and Growth of Customer Base of Commercial Banks in Nairobi County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-05) Kipkorir, Jebet IreneVirtual banking is a valuable and effective tool that fosters growth, encourages innovation, and boosts competitiveness, thus plays a crucial role in how services are delivered currently. There is need to identifying the elements that influence consumer adoption of virtual banking, which could aid commercial banks in creating more effective customer acquisition and retention strategies. The general objective of the study was to examine the effect of virtual banking on growth of customer base of commercial banks in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study specifically sought to; determine the effect of virtual banking adaptability; establish the effect of virtual banking affordability and assess the effect of virtual banking accessibility. This study was anchored on; Innovation Diffusion theory, Theory of Planned Behaviour and Technology Acceptance model. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and use stratified random sampling. The target population of the study was 504 where a sample size of 218 respondents was used. The researcher distributed 218 questionnaires to all the sampled population where 200 questionnaires were received giving a response rate of 91.7%. The test items in the study were checked by professionals, including research supervisors, financial colleagues, and other specialists in public finance management. Their feedback was used to make the necessary adjustments to the instrument, for example by removing the ambiguous items, spelling errors, and other typographical errors that may have been made, it helped to determine the extent to which the instrument gathered the intended information. Cronbach’s coefficient for Virtual banking adaptability α = 0.909, Virtual banking affordability α = 0.898, Virtual banking accessibility α = 0.835 were sufficient confirmation of data reliability for the independent variables since it has an average of 0.879 Cronbach’s alpha which was above 0.70 hence the research instrument was accepted.Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.733 shows that virtual banking accessibility had a positive significant correlation with growth of customer base (r = 0.733, p < 0.05). Virtual bank adaptability had a positive significant correlation with growth of customer base (r = 0.755, p < 0.05). The study established that virtual bank affordability had a positive significant relationship with growth of customer base (r = 0.895, p < 0.05). The overall R2= 0.834 indicates that 83.4 percent of the variation in growth of customer base was explained by the predictor of virtual bank accessibility, virtual bank adaptability, virtual bank affordability and internet while 16.6 % variation in the dependent variable is explained by other factors that were not included in current study. The beta coefficient of 1.071 means that when virtual bank accessibility increases by an additional unit, growth of customer base increases by 1.071. Virtual bank adaptability had a positive significant relationship with growth of customer base (β = 0.528 p < 0.05). The beta coefficient of 0.528 means that when virtual bank accessibility increases by an additional unit, growth of customer base increases by 0.528. Virtual bank affordability had a positive significant relationship with growth of customer base (β = 0.867 p < 0.05). The beta coefficient of 0.867 means that when virtual bank affordability increases by an additional unit, growth of customer base increases by 0.528.The study findings showed that adaptability, affordability and accessibility of virtual banking influence customer base growth. The study recommends for a review on the cost of online transactions so as encourage more customers to use the virtual banking platforms. There is need also to enhance network coverage in the country and especially in the remote places.Item Employee Retention Strategies and Performance of Generation Z in Kenya Power & Lighting Company(Kenyatta University, 2023-12) Oginga, Zipporah AnyangoKenya Power and Lighting being the major distributor of electricity in Kenya is anticipated to make supernormal profits. However, its performance has been on a decline since 2018 and this has led to lack of attractiveness leading to mass resignation of young employees. The dilemma most it faces today is how to retain this recent generation. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of employee retention strategies on performance of Generation Z in Kenya Power & Lighting Company. It specifically sought to examine the effect of training, leadership, work environment and job characteristics on retention of employees at Kenya Power and Lighting. This study was anchored on the Human Capital Theory and Herzberg Two Factor Theory. The research adopted descriptive research design. The study population involved employees of Kenya Power and Lighting. The number of employees targeted were 200. The study used simple random sampling technique. The study obtained data through primary sources using semi-structured questionnaires. A pilot study was carried out which was done on 5% of the sample and this helped to test the validity and reliability of the research instrument. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) which formulated a multiple regression model that illustrated the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study found that training, leadership, work environment and job characteristics had a positive significant influence on the performance of generation Z employees at Kenya Power and Lighting. The study concludes that training is important because it represents a good opportunity for employees to grow their knowledge base and improve their job skills to become more effective in the workplace. Leaders have a profound impact on their overall work environment and that they create an atmosphere of trust and respect, which in turn fosters creativity and collaboration. Praising employees for good work can help foster a positive work environment for all. The study recommends that the organization should start by aligning training and development programs with company goals to achieve the best results. A leader needs to be able to identify potential problems early on and deal with them to avoid costly mistakes. Maintaining a level of empathy, respect and understanding between all employees can help foster collaboration and make team members heard, supported and valued at the workplaceItem Bank characteristics and financial performance of Commercial banks listed at the Nairobi securities Exchange in Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Samson CherwonCommercial banks in Kenya have recently experienced a steady downturn in their financial performance, mostly as a result of strict regulatory requirements and a changing business environment. The subpar financial performance of numerous lowertier banks has resulted in significant consequences, including the necessity of placing some of these banks under receivership. The purpose of this study was to look into how various factors affected the financial performance of commercial banks listed on the Nairobi Securities market. In order to assess financial performance, the ROE were employed as the dependent variable and the CAMEL banking model as the independent variable. In particular, this study looked to see how financial performance was impacted by asset quality, liquidity management, capital sufficiency, and managerial effectiveness. The information sharing theory and the portfolio theory for liquidity management serve as the study's theoretical foundations. All 11 commercial banks listed on the NSE were included in the population sample for this study. The study employed a descriptive methodology, which was well-suited for investigating variables that impact bank profitability in Kenya. Through this research, the goal was to gain a deeper understanding of the factors that are most significant in promoting the success of businesses in their environment. As a result of the data collected, analysts were able to determine the extent to which various factors affect the performance of individual banks. This panel data model established a causal relationship between the features of commercial banks and its financial performance in the NSE. The survey included data from each of the twelve listed commercial banks. A data extraction form was utilized to glean financial information from commercial banks' and the CBK's annual reports for the present research. The research exhibited that the financial performance of commercial banks listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange is significantly influenced by the quality of their assets. Furthermore, the study revealed a positive and statistically significant impact of liquidity on the financial performance of Kenyan commercial banks listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Additionally, research has indicated a beneficial and statistically significant relationship between appropriate capital and financial performance. These findings conclusively established a significant and positive association between financial performance and effective management. Thus, this study provides substantial evidence of the correlation between asset quality and the financial success of commercial banks in Kenya. Additionally, managing liquidity has a significant and advantageous impact on the financial performance of Kenyan commercial banks, as highlighted by the study's findings. Moreover, the research underscores a strong and statistically significant correlation between the financial performance of Kenyan commercial banks and their level of capital adequacy. Ultimately, the study's conclusions emphasized the significance of management efficiency in determining the financial success of commercial banks in Kenya. The study comes to the conclusion that the central bank should closely monitor the banks' liquidity ratios in its capacity as a regulator. The study further suggests that commercial banks should actively seek opportunities to improve their internal capabilities in effectively managing asset quality. Commercial banks, particularly those that are locally owned, are obligated to explore strategies for mitigating market risks. This may involve the utilization of financial derivatives and asset securitization, which can contribute to the improvement of their asset qualityItem Information Systems Implementation and Service Delivery in Kenya Power and Lighting Company(Kenyatta University, 2024-10) Ogwell,SamoraThe impact of information systems on service delivery is a critical area of focus, particularly in understanding how investments in information and communication technologies contribute to organizational performance. Despite significant resources allocated to information and communication technologies implementation, its role in value creation within businesses remains underexplored. A firm’s internal and external operations are profoundly influenced by the ICT infrastructure and investment level, which in turn enhances organizational structures, facilitates information sharing across departments, and improves employee efficiency. This study investigates the impact of information systems on service delivery at Kenya Power and Lighting Company, with specific objectives to assess the influence of ICT infrastructure, financial resources, management support, and organizational structure on service delivery. The research employed a cross-sectional survey design, targeting 152 Kenya Power and Lighting Company management staff as respondents. A stratified random sampling technique helped select 76 respondents, and data was gathered using questionnaires. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to derive meaningful insights from the data. The results revealed that ICT infrastructure, financial resources, management support, and organizational structure had a significant positive impact on service delivery at KPLC, with a 0.859 (p < 0.05) adjusted R-squared value. This indicates that the studied factors attribute to 85.9% of the variation in service delivery, while 14.1% may be influenced by other attributes not studied. The study concludes that effective management of ICT infrastructure enhances employee productivity by optimizing technology system performance, increasing uptime, and improving the user experience. Financial resources are crucial for sustaining organizational operations and investments. Managerial support fosters employee direction and trust, while a well-defined organizational structure is essential for effective decision-making and management preparedness. The study recommends that KPLC should continuously monitor and evaluate its digital systems' performance to identify areas for improvement, invest in upskilling financial department professionals, and promote teamwork through structured team-building activities. Additionally, it is crucial for the organization to ensure alignment among senior leaders and clearly define their roles to enhance service delivery.Item Innovation Strategies and Performance of Equity Bank in Laikipia County, Kenya.(Kenyatta University, 2024-08) Kihenjo, Samwel ChegeBanks and other financial institutions have been established from global, regional and local perspectives to have adopted various innovation strategies in an attempt to enhance performance. Commercial banks are crucial contributors to the global economy due to their essential role in financial intermediation. Majority of commercial banks are currently experiencing financial difficulties, marked by declining returns on equity and assets, primarily attributed to their limited implementation of innovation strategies. Therefore, the research intends to examine effects of innovation strategies on performances of Equity Banks in Laikipia County, Kenya. The research particularly intended to determine how product, organization, process and marketing innovations affect performance of Equity banks in Laikipia County. The research was based on balanced scorecard, evolution and innovation diffusion theories. Descriptive and causal research was utilized. Targeted population was 139 management staff from three Equity Bank branches in Laikipia County. Stratified and simple random sampling was utilized in selecting 103 participants for the study. The data was obtained through structured questionnaire. Pilot study was done to check for validities and reliabilities of questionnaire. Factor analysis was utilized for testing validity of the questionnaire. Further, Cronbach’s alpha of 0.7% internal consistency was utilized to check for reliability of questionnaire. The questionnaires were personally distributed to the management staff by the researcher. After data collection, questionnaires were recorded and questions coded for easier data entry into SPSS. Then, data cleaning was done which entailed removal of unfilled questionnaires and rectifying errors in data entry. Further, quantitative data analysis was done through descriptives such as frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics include correlation and regression analysis. The research found that the unit change in product innovation would lead to 0.797 significant changes in performance of Equity banks in Laikipia county. It was clear that a unit change organizational innovation would lead to 0.772 significant increase in performances of Equity banks in Laikipia county. It was revealed that process innovation leads to 0.807 significant increase in performances of Equity banks in Laikipia county. The study showed that market innovation would lead to 0.638 significant changes in performance of Equity banks in Laikipia county. The study concluded that innovation strategies such as product innovations, organizational innovations, process innovations and market innovations have significant effects on performances of Equity banks in Laikipia County, Kenya. The study also recommends that management of Equity bank need to come with strategies to ensure that the online banking portals are user-friendly. There is also need for Equity bank to regularly conduct customer satisfaction surveys to identify products and services that needs to be introduced. It was recommended that managers of equity banks in Laikipia county needs to initiate and implement financial literacy programs among customers and also offer refresher courses for its employees to enhance their innovative skills. The study recommends that management of Equity banks needs to formulate strategies to ensure that every branch in Laikipia county has its own active social media platforms. The study also recommends that equity banks in Laikipia county should continue investing in digital marketing by leveraging on emerging social media platforms such as TikTok.Item Financial Management Practices and Funds Management in Public Secondary Schools in Kilifi County, Kenya.(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Kalume, Seith BayaEffective fund management in secondary schools in Kenya and across the world contribute to the economic development of those countries. The handling of funds in many public secondary schools has encountered several obstacles, including instances of mismanagement. Therefore, this brings out the issues on fund management challenges in Kenyan Public Schools. The research was led by the aforementioned precise objective; to establish the effect of budgeting process, effect of book keeping, effect of financial control and effect of procurement process on fund management in public secondary schools in Kilifi County, Kenya. Research was underpinned by: Stewardship theory of management, Institutional theory and Contingency theory. The study utilized a descriptive research design and the target audience was 107 public secondary schools in Kilifi County. Stratified random sampling was utilized to arrive at a sample of 85 respondents. The study utilized primary data which was obtained via a questionnaire where a drop and pick method was adopted. Data collected was scrutinized using SPSS software (version 26) using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics focused on means and standard deviation and represented in terms of graphs and charts. Inferential statistics sought the relationship between the study variables by running correlation and regression analysis while multiple regression was used to express the contribution of each variable. Further diagnostic tests in terms of normality, multi-collinearity and Homoscedasticity was conducted before running multiple regression. Ethical consideration which includes guidelines governing the research was fully followed during the research. The study showed that budgeting process, book keeping and procurement process, all had the significance threshold of p< 0.05 hence all had statistically significant effect on fund management of public secondary schools. The study concluded that popular of the responders established to abundant magnitude with the fact that budgeting process, book keeping and procurement process indeed affected the fund management of public secondary schools. The study recommended that the schools should involve stakeholders in budget preparation and compare current and previous budgets. It should also ensure approval of budget on yearly basis and ensure adherence on budget estimates. It also recommends frequent monitoring and evaluation of the budget but also ensure they involve the accounting experts. The equally recommends that schools should make transaction entries in ledger books as well as maintaining school cash book, payables and receivables accounts, government disbursement accounts and prepare financial statements. It also recommends issuance of receipt for the school fees paid that should fees balances. The study further recommends that in procurement, cost of items and quality of items are considered to enhance financial control. Schools should also ensure that the staff members possess a considerable degree of expertise and familiarity with the rules and regulations pertaining to procurement and procurement plans should be established in accordance with the provisions outlined in the Procurement Act where procurement planning should be done yearly.Item Sustainable Procurement Practices and Supply Chain Performance of Food and Beverage Processing Firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Wambui, Sinaida MaryAround 40% of KAM members are in the food and beverage business, making it the largest sector within the sector. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics data show that food and beverage processing firms performed poorly in their supply chains, resulting in a 7% drop in sales, a 42% drop in operating income, and a 35% drop in return on assets, despite the government's efforts to implement a variety of institutional, legal, and policy measures to control business operations with an aim to improve supply chain performance. The survey aimed to explore the influence of sustainable procurement methods on the supply chain performance of food and beverage processing companies in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to; asses the influence of green procurement practices; examine the impact of green supplier selection practices; find out the extent E-procurement practices and reverse logistics practices influence the supply chain performance of food and beverage processing firms based in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The survey adopted Resource-based, Institutional, and Diffusion of innovation theories. This research employed cross-sectional descriptive research designs. A total of 217 food and beverage processing businesses in Nairobi City County, Kenya, was the target. Stratified random sampling was used to choose a representative sample of 108 supply chain managers or procurement managers of food and beverage processing businesses in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Using a drop and pick later approach, a structured questionnaire was used to collect the primary data. 15 processing companies from nearby Kiambu County participated in a pilot study that the researcher used to evaluate the validity and dependability of the research tool. An internal consistency method with a coefficient of 0.7 or above was considered reliable using Cronbach's Alpha. A diagnostic examination was conducted. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to the data analysis. The mean, percentage, and standard deviations of the data were displayed. To analyze the data, inferential statistics were employed. Descriptive statistics findings indicated that majority of respondents agreed with statements on green procurement procedures (mean=3.561), green supplier techniques (mean=3.645), e-procurement practices (mean=3.35), and reverse logistics techniques (mean=3.51). Further, respondents moderately agreed with statements on supply chain performance (mean=2.88). Regression results showed that green procurement procedures (β=.213, P=.000), green supplier procedures (β=.372, P=.000), e-procurement practices (β=.205, P=.000), and reverse logistics techniques (β=.502, P=.000) had a positive and significant relationship with supply chain performance. The study concluded that sustainable procurement practices contribute significantly to improved supply chain performance. The study recommends that organizations should implement rules that prioritize the best green procurement practices. Suppliers to be given a chance to present new Eco-design products, the firm to establish contracts with certified suppliers who embrace green packaging and suppliers to be engaged through capacity building and collaborations to improve green image. Food and beverage processing companies to adopt E-procurement strategies that encourage value addition. Companies that prepare food and drink adopt reverse logistics techniques in order to obtain a competitive advantage and a favorable market.Item Strategy Implementation and Performance of the State Department for Higher Education and Research at the Ministry of Education in Nairobi, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Obwoge, Fridah NyamoitaThe inefficiencies in service delivery by the government, and poor performance reports demand for a search for solutions. The performance of organizations is linked to strategy implementation process. Therefore, there is need for consideration of how the organization structure, practices, resources and human capital affect organization performance. This study sought to determine the effect of strategy implementation on performance of the State Department for Higher Education and Research in the Ministry of Education. The study aimed to assess how financial resources, employee competency, organizational structure, and organizational communication affect the performance of the State Department of higher education and research. The study was anchored on the balanced scorecard model, the resource-based view theory and the institutional theory. The research design used in the study was descriptive. The State Department for Higher Education and Research, that has 247 employees was the target population. The research used stratified and simple random sampling in deriving the sample size of 153 respondents. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. A pilot test of the questionnaire involved fifteen respondents from the State Department of Higher Education and Research, who were excluded from the final sample. The questionnaire was found to be reliable since the aggregate score for Cronbach Alpha at 0.792 was higher than the threshold set at 0.7. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive analysis and showed that strategy implementation led to improved performance. Inferential statistics showed positive and significant effect of financial resources at r =0.621 and beta =0.454; employee competency r =0.685 and beta =0.867; organizational structure at r =0.903 and beta =1.224 and organizational communication at r =0.819 and beta = 0.991on performance at the State Department for Higher Education and Research in the Ministry of Education. The 63.6% change in improvement in performance at the State Department was influenced by implementation of strategies. The study concluded that organizational structure had the largest effect on performance followed by organizational communication, then employee competency and finally financial resources. The study recommended the need for mobilizing and lobbying for more financial resources to increase its availability and access and contribution towards higher performance. The study also recommends frequent trainings and educational programs to improve competencies, adopting an open and formal structure and suggestions for investing in digital communication systems to improve information flow for better performance.Item Project Management Skills and Implementation of Speciality Tea Projects in Kericho County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Mithamo, Stephen KanandaProject managers are very crucial in the design, development and implementation of a project. To work effectively on their day-to-day tasks, they have to be well equipped with skills that enable them implement projects as per the plan. Project implementation is crucial to survival of a company or organization, well-implemented projects are able to satisfy the customer and stakeholders wants and enhance competitiveness. Lack of relevant skills by the project managers has led to failed projects. Misallocation of resources, poor stakeholder managements, high costs of implementation of projects, projects running beyond their set time and poor productivity have led to many projects’ failures, and are highly attributed to how competent and skilled is the project manager. The study purposed to find out how implementation of speciality tea projects is influenced by project management skills with the reference being Kericho County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to establish how application of skills in stakeholder management, risk management, communication and monitoring and evaluation impact on implementation of speciality tea projects in Kericho County. Three theories helped guide the study and these includes; skills acquisition theory, institution theory and project management theory. A descriptive research design was embraced with target population being speciality tea projects in Kericho County where 21 projects were targeted. The unit of observation was project managers, assistant managers, engineers, general staff and supervisors working in the projects. A population of 462 individuals was targeted. The research used census to obtain a representative sample from different groups in the target population. The Statistical package SPSS was used in data analysis. Descriptive statistics which include standard deviation, frequencies, means and percentages and inferential statistics with multiple regressions were applied in data analysis. A diagnostic test was carried out which included a normality test, multicollinearity test and a heteroscedasticity test. The study established that stakeholder management skills, risk management skills, communication skills and monitoring and evaluation skills had a positive significant influence on speciality tea projects implementation in Kericho County, Kenya. The study concludes that the Tea companies should invest in frequent training of its staff on necessary skills to learn a project. Skills in risk management when well applied facilitate more informed decision-making and planning for project managers. Communication skills when utilized appropriately, makes it easy for project participants to understand what is expected of them by their superiors and the organization. Managers should frequently be trained on monitoring and evaluation and be encouraged to take short courses on the same. This will upgrade their skills in planning for; early monitoring of the project tasks and then evaluates these tasks to obtain precise and succinct information on each accomplishment made. The study found skills in stakeholder management critical in implementation of speciality tea projects. These skills assist in scanning both internal and external environment and how to communicate relevant information to different parties to ensure proper implementation of the projects.Item Internal Control Practices and Financial Performance in Level Four and Five Hospitals in Kericho County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Tele, Judith ChepkoechPublic sector organizations have challenges in accountability and transparency that has led to financial mismanagement and losses. Some of the public hospitals in Kenya have reported ineffective internal practices leading to loss, fraud, corruption and wastage of resources leading to inability to run operations and deliver quality health services to patients. This study envisioned that internal control practices are linked to financial performance and thus aimed at establishing the effect of internal control practices on financial performance of level four and five hospitals in Kericho County, Kenya. The specific objective was assessing the effect of monitoring practices, control activities practices, risk assessment practices and control environment practices on financial performance of level four and five hospitals. The study was grounded on stewardship theory, and supported by the agency theory and positive accounting theory and it employed the correlation, cross-sectional research design. The target population included the 6 level four hospitals and 1 level five hospital in Kericho County. The study respondents included 78 financial officers from the hospitals. Stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling techniques were adopted in the study and all the 78 financial officers formed the study’s sample size. Out of the 78 respondents, 66 filled and returned the questionnaires making a response rate of 84.6% for this study. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires that produced quantitative data. The researcher checked for validity and reliability using 8 respondents who are finance officers in level three hospitals in Kericho County. The test was confirmed using Cronbach alpha test results at an aggregate of 0.75 implying the idealness of the instrument. The data collection entailed giving the questionnaire to the respondents at their place of work and waiting for them to fill it. The quantitative data was entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences where descriptive, correlation and regression analysis were conducted. Three diagnostic tests were done including normality, auto-correlation and multicollinearity and the results validated the assumptions made in the regression model. The findings presented in tables and charts showed that monitoring practices at (β =0.668, t =3.976, p < 0.05), control activities at (β =0.423, t =1.414, p < 0.05), risk assessment at (β =0.904, t =1.187, p< 0.05), and control activities at (β =0.245, t =0.809, p < 0.05) positively and significantly affected financial performance in the hospitals. The findings showed that 58.3% improved in financial performance was influenced by the four internal control practices. Therefore, the study concluded that the reported improvement in financial performance of the level four and five hospitals in Kericho County was influenced by adoption and implementation of internal control practices. The study recommended for a clear formatted, outlined and communicated monitoring practices in county’s hospitals, and the need for verification of staff before authorization to handle funds. There was also the need to identify, categorize and set measures for handling risks, and recommendations were made to finance and human resource departments to allocate funds and conduct trainings to improve financial performance. The study also recommended the need for standards, procedures and practices to maintain high ethical conduct that creates a good work environment that ensures prudent use of financial resources and measures to avoid fraud, embezzlement and loss of funds. These efforts are set to deliver quality healthcare services to patients and alleviating pain and suffering in the hospitals.Item Microfinance Practices and Growth of Small Enterprises in Busia County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Egesa, Vivian MusunguSmall businesses have remained to be crucial to Kenya's economy. Promotion is an effective and dynamic method in Kenya for accomplishing national objectives like job creation, sustainable industry-wide development, and poverty reduction. All of them create the foundation for a domestic production system and national manufacturing base, both of which are essential to the government's goal of achieving industrialization. However, majority of the enterprises experience problems in firm growth. The main objective of this study was to establish the effect of microfinance practices on the firm growth of small enterprises in Busia County, Kenya. The specific objectives were: to examine the effect of management reorganization, investment, financial restructuring, and asset reduction on firm growth of small enterprises. Traditional capital structure theory, trade-off theory, and agency-cost theory served as the foundation for this study. Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were used. The target population was 220 employees of registered small businesses in Busia County. A census of every departmental employee was done due to the small number of employees. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability. Content validity was ensured through expert review. Reliability of the questionnaire was checked using Cronbach alpha coefficients. Results indicated that all variables had Cronbach Coefficients above 0.7, thus the questionnaire was reliable. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyse data. Descriptive statistics included mean and standard deviations. Inferential statistics included regression analysis. The findings showed that management reorganization, investment, financial restructuring, and asset reduction had a positive and significant effect on firm growth of small enterprises. The study concluded that management reorganization, investment, financial restructuring, and asset reduction contribute significantly to positive firm growth of small enterprises. The study recommended that small business owners implement mergers and acquisitions restructuring to improve management effectiveness and reduce operating costs, which will ultimately promote firm growth of small enterprises. Because investment choices have an impact on growth, the study advises small business owners to regularly assess their tactics. Further, small enterprises owners should modernize assets to enhance internal operation efficiency hence growth. However, small enterprises owners should not concentrate on disposal of assets since it plays no role on firm growth. The current study is beneficial to several groups including the government, non-governmental organizations, small enterprises’ owners, general public and other scholars.