MST-Department of Public Policy and Administration
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Item Workforce management strategies and job satisfaction among Kenya Airways employees(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Chacha, Cherubine BageniKenya Airways operates in a globalized and demanding industry where customer satisfaction, safety, and operational efficiency are paramount. In order to thrive in such an environment, the airline industry needs a skilled, motivated, and satisfied workforce. Workforce Management Strategies play a crucial role in achieving these goals, making it imperative to assess their influence on employee satisfaction. This study used a descriptive research design with a sample size of 300 employees, representing 20% of the total target population. There is a dearth of empirical research specifically examining the impact of workforce management strategies on job satisfaction within the aviation industry, specifically concerning Kenya Airways. Participants were drawn from various departments within the organization, including HR, Operations, Finance, Commercial, and Flight Operations. Primary data sources were employed effectively through questionnaires, which were carefully scrutinized for consistency and completeness. The collected data underwent modification, computation, classification based on similarity, and entry into SPSS Software for analysis. By analyzing quantitative data, descriptive statistics were produced, including measures of central tendency like mean and standard deviation as well as percentages to summarize the data. Figures and tables were utilized for data representation, providing visual clarity and facilitating interpretation. In order to gain a thorough grasp of the factors influencing the study's relevant outcomes, multiple linear regression analyses were also used to investigate the relationships between the variables. from the results, R2 = 0.321 implying 32.1% of variation in job satisfaction in Kenya airways was explained by workforce strategies, namely; skills optimization strategies, talent acquisition strategies, knowledge management strategies and succession planning strategies. The study concludes that performance feedback helps employees identify areas for skills improvement, moreover, encouraging employees to participate in skills building workshop and conferences helps them to understand emerging industry trends and challenges to help them prepare adequately which leads to job satisfaction. The study recommends that knowledge management strategies encourage human resource managers to put in place platform which are use friendly to facilitate knowledge sharing by the experienced employeesItem Institutional structure and implementation of social welfare programs: a case of Tana River County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2026-06) Mohamed, Lugumba AbdiCounties have faced persistent challenges in implementing social welfare programs due to utmost weak institutional structures. As a result, vulnerable populations continue to experience unmet basic needs and limited access to essential social services. The purpose of this research study was to assess the effect of institutional structures on implementation of social welfare programs in Tana River County Government, Kenya. The study was guided by the following research specific objectives; to establish the effect of coordination structure, resource allocation structure organizational culture and compliance structure on implementation of social welfare programs in Tana River County Government, Kenya and to evaluate the effect of monitoring structure on implementation of social welfare programs in Tana River County Government, Kenya. The Institutional Theory, Resource-Based View (RBV) Theory and the Organizational Culture Theory guided the research. The research used descriptive research design. The target population was 900 respondents comprising of the management staff and area elders denoted as ‘Nyumba Kumi’ as part of the population. This study used Slovin's formula to determine the appropriate sample size to ensure representativeness and accuracy; the sample size was 305 respondents. Primary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires. The researcher established the content validity by seeking the opinion of education experts and revising the questionnaires accordingly. The pilot test involved checking on validity by consulting the allocated supervisor and administering the questionnaires to 10% of the sample size. Reliability check was achieved by were using Cronbach alpha values to identify any weaknesses or inconsistencies in the questionnaire. The questionnaire was revised based on the feedback from the pilot test. The collected data underwent a meticulous process of organization and revision to ensure completeness and consistency. The analysis of the data encompassed descriptive statistics, inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics involved calculating percentages, frequencies, mean, and standard deviation. Furthermore, in terms of inferential statistics, both correlation analysis and regression analysis was conducted as part of the study. Correlation analysis was the suitability of the research variables for further investigation, while regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables. The results of the analysis were effectively presented through tables, graphs, and charts. This study concludes that the coordination structure within the Tana River County Government plays a vital role in the implementation of social welfare programs. All ethical matters were observed especially on data protection and anonymity as well as protection of respondents expressed some concerns about the sufficiency of the budget and the monitoring of resource allocation, indicating that a more detailed assessment of program needs and better monitoring mechanisms are essential for ensuring effective resource use. The study concludes that the Tana River County Government’s organizational culture supports the implementation of social welfare programs. For the compliance structure, the findings highlight that adherence to regulations and policies significantly supports program implementation. There is a need for a more detailed assessment of the needs of social welfare programs to ensure that resources are allocated in line with those needs. the Tana River County Government should work on reinforcing shared values and commitment to social welfare goals across all levels of the organization. The Tana River County Government should strengthen its feedback loops and use monitoring results to inform both policy adjustments and improvements in program deliveryItem Motivation Programs on Employee Performance at Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-07) Mwanyoha, Stephen NdegwaEmployee motivation is a necessary prerequisite towards the success of any organization. Employee performance is a critical determinant of an organization's success, and in the context of Technical University of Mombasa (TUM), Kenya, there is a growing concern regarding the efficacy of motivation programs in enhancing employee performance. Despite the various motivation programs implemented within TUM, there is an evident need to comprehensively assess their impact and effectiveness in promoting a highly motivated and productive workforce. This research aimed to establish the influence of motivation programs on employee performance at the Technical University of Mombasa, a public university situated at the Coast of Kenya. The study objectives were; to determine the influence of motivational goal setting, financial incentives, recognition and reward on the performance of employees at Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya. The study was grounded on Maslow`s Theory of Human Motivation fo. The research employed a descriptive research design. The target population were 30 managerial staff and 100 supporting staff working at Technical University of Mombasa. However, purposive sampling technique was used to select ten percent (n=10) managerial staff and twenty-five percent (n=50) support staff for effective data collection and analysis. The study employed interviewing, questionnaires, and observation to gather both qualitative and quantitative data. NVivo and SPSS were utilized to analyze the data, which were then presented both narratively and in tabular form. The findings established that there is positive relationship between motivation programs (motivational goal setting, financial incentives, recognition and reward) and employee performance at Technical University of Mombasa Since the P-value (0.002) is less than 0.05. The findings revealed that employees who have specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals perform better. Motivational goal setting provides employees with a sense of direction, increases their focus, and promotes a sense of achievement when goals are accomplished. The results show that financial incentives, such as bonuses, commissions, and performance-based pay, are commonly used to motivate employees. These incentives provide tangible rewards for achieving specific targets or exceeding expectations. The findings also established that there is positive relationship between recognition and reward, and performance of employees at Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya. The study concluded that motivation programs, including motivational goal setting, financial incentives, recognition, and rewards, have a significant influence on employee performance. These programs provide employees with clear goals, tangible rewards, and a sense of recognition, which in turn enhance their motivation, productivity, and job satisfaction. The study recommendation organizations should implement a compensation incentive structure that rewards both short-term achievements and long-term contributions at University level. Additionally, financial incentives should be complemented with opportunities for professional development and career advancement, ensuring a balanced approach that also addresses intrinsic motivational factors.Item Nyumba Kumi Initiative and National Security in Garissa County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Ruth MbuliDespite the rolling out of Community Policing Initiative in Kenya, some regions such as North Eastern Kenya and more specifically Garissa County continue to suffer periodic terrorist attacks from the Al Shabaab militant group. It is against this light that this study sought to examine how Nyumba Kumi composition, training and information gathering affect National Security in Garissa County. This study was guided by three theories; stakeholder theory, liberal peace theory and social bond theory. A descriptive research design was employed to gather relevant data from respondents in Garissa Township. The study’s target population was 1299 respondents. These include police officers, administrative officers (DCCs, ACCs Chiefs and Assistant Chiefs), religious leaders and civilians serving in Community Policing Committees. Purposive sampling was employed to select knowledgeable informants such DCCs, ACCs Assistant Chiefs and Chiefs. The researcher employed stratified sampling techniques to select 20% of the study population from police officers, religious leaders, and Community Policing Committee members. Data collection involved both interview schedules and structured questionnaires. Additionally, secondary research sources such as government reports and online materials were utilized. Qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis to uncover patterns and themes. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS software version 31, focusing on descriptive statistics to summarize and present findings, including frequencies, means, and percentages. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships among the independent variables. The findings reveal a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (0.355, p=0.006) between the composition of the Community Policing Committee (CPC) and the state of national security in Garissa County, indicating that improvements in CPC composition enhance national security. Similarly, there exist a moderate and statistically significant positive correlation (0.378, p=0.011) between community security training and national security, highlighting the importance of training in strengthening security outcomes. Additionally, a weak to moderate but statistically significant positive correlation (0.287, p=0.034) exists between information gathering and dissemination by the CPC and national security, underscoring the value of grassroots intelligence in security management. The study concludes that Nyumba Kumi groups composition is the strongest in strengthening national security, followed by security training of Nyumba Kumi while intelligence gathering is the weakest. The study recommends clearly defined roles for Nyumba Kumi members, alongside localized and culturally sensitive training programs tailored to the region's socio-demographic dynamics. Enhancing members' technical competence in surveillance and communication, promoting intergenerational dialogue, and strengthening trust-based collaboration with formal security actors are highly recommended to strengthen intelligence gathering. To ensure adaptability to evolving threats, the establishment of robust monitoring and evaluation frameworks is essential.Item Land Use Changes and Human-Wildlife Conflict in Kajiado County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-12) Rotich, Diane ChepkiruiIn recent years, specific land use changes have been identified as key drivers of human wildlife conflict in Kajiado. Pastoral activities, which once coexisted with wildlife, are increasingly leading to competition over dwindling grazing lands. Settlement pattern changes and infrastructure development, such as roads and housing projects, have fragmented habitats, increasing the frequency of wildlife entering human settlements. Agricultural expansion, which converts wildlife corridors into farmlands, has been noted as a major contributor to habitat loss, driving wildlife to forage in farms, leading to destruction and tension between wildlife conservation efforts and community livelihoods. The broad objective of the study was to assess the effect of Land Use Changes on Human Wildlife Conflict in Kajiado County, Kenya. The specific land use changes that was focused on comprised of changes in pastoral activities, settlement pattern changes, agricultural expansion and infrastructure development. The Land Tenure Theory and Habitat Suitability Theory anchored the study. The study used descriptive design targeting the local community representatives, farmers and pastoralists, wildlife rangers and officers, community leaders, Government and County Officials and Wildlife Conservation Organizations. In total, the target population comprised of 2419 respondents. A stratification of the population was done to enhance sampling while random sampling was applied to identify the specific respondents from ach stratum. A sample size of 343 respondents was determined using Cochran's formula. A combination of structured questionnaires and semi structured interview guides were employed to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data was analysed using mean and standard deviation and Pearson Correlation Coefficient for inferential analysis. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the analysis were displayed in form of tables and figures. The study established that land use changes comprising of changes in pastoral activities, settlement pattern changes, agricultural expansion and infrastructure development positively and significantly affect human wildlife conflict in Kajiado County. This was depicted by beta values of 0.213, 0.538, 0.411 and 0.329 and significant values of 0.009, 0.000, 0.000 and 0.000 respectively. The study concluded that increase in the land use changes increases animal wildlife conflicts in Kajiado County. The study recommends promoting sustainable grazing practices, regulating settlement patterns, and implementing wildlife friendly farming to minimize human wildlife conflicts in Kajiado County. This study recommends integrating wildlife considerations into development plans, enforcing land use policies, and engaging stakeholders may help balance conservation efforts with economic growthItem Public Participation Approaches and Performance of Community Empowerment Projects: A Case of Kiambu County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Ainea,Purity JeborPublic participation has increasingly been recognized as a fundamental component in the successful implementation of community empowerment projects. However, despite its acknowledged importance, there remains a significant gap in understanding the specific effects of various public participation approaches on project performance. Community projects often suffer from poor execution and lack of sustainability, largely due to insufficient engagement of stakeholders, ineffective communication strategies, and inadequate capacity building efforts. This study aimed to determine the effect of public participation approaches on the performance of community empowerment projects in Kiambu County, Kenya. The study objectives were; effect of stakeholder involvement on the performance of community empowerment projects, effect of communication on the performance of community empowerment projects, effect of capacity building on the performance of community empowerment projects in Kiambu County, Kenya. The study was guided by Stakeholder Theory and Resource Mobilization Theory. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study targeted 150 community empowerment projects currently underway in Kiambu County, involving 3,000 stakeholders. The Yamane formula was utilized in calculating sample size. A sample size of 97 respondents was achieved. Simple random sampling technique was utilized in selecting respondents. Data collection was done through semi-structured questionnaires. Pilot study was done to enhance validity and reliability of research instrument. Data collected was coded, analyzed, and presented through tables and charts. The research will uphold ethical considartion procedures where research authorizations were acquired from Graduate school-Kenyatta University and NACOSTI research license. The findings highlight that engaging stakeholders, government agencies, NGOs, and community members enhances project sustainability. Effective communication ensures stakeholders understand goals and stay engaged. Training and skill development equip community members to manage projects and foster innovation. Stakeholder involvement leverages external expertise, resources, and support, contributing to long-term success. Regular consultations and feedback mechanisms enable adaptive management, addressing challenges and aligning with community needs. Empowering communities through ongoing education and training sustains project impact. The study recommends that the government allocate resources to facilitate stakeholder engagement and implement participatory frameworks effectively. Stakeholders should collaborate with local communities to provide technical support, financial resources, and capacity-building. Promoting inclusive decision-making fosters ownership and long-term commitment, ultimately strengthening community development initiatives.Item Devolution and Intercommunal Conflicts in Marsabit County-Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-10) Guyo Gufu WatoThis study investigated the influence of devolution on inter-communal conflicts in Marsabit County, Kenya. Specifically, it examined the influence of county resource management, county leadership composition, and peace-building initiatives on the occurrence of inter-communal conflicts. The study was guided by conflict theory and adopted a mixed-methods approach, using correlational research design. The target population included 77,495 households in Marsabit County, county government officials, administrative leaders, religious leaders, and individuals involved in peace-building. Data was collected from a sample of 100 household heads. Data was collected using questionnaires for household heads and interview guides for key informants. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS through descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests, while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed statistically significant relationships between resource management (χ²=8.723, p=0.013), county leadership composition (χ²=11.952, p=0.018), and peace-building initiatives (χ²=10.678, p=0.030) with inter-communal conflicts. These results indicated that the management of resources, the composition of county leadership, and the implementation of peace-building initiatives have statistically significant influence on inter-communal relations in Marsabit County. The study provided valuable insights for policy formulation at both county and national levels and contributed to the literature on devolution and conflict management in multi-ethnic settings.Item Public Participation and Budget Formulation in Pemba Municipality, Mozambique(Kenyatta University, 2025-12) Andre JosephThe need for greater public involvement in decision-making has rapidly gained attention from governments at different levels, civil society, and NGOs. A participatory budget is one of the most significant tools supporting inclusivity in the policy process. The Constitution of Mozambique, in article 263, establishes that local governance bodies must, in their operations, encourage and promote the use of available resources to guarantee citizens' active participation in the search for solutions to the problems of their communities. However, despite this legal provision, there is still a lack of participation by the public in the formulation of local government programs, projects, and policies, such as budget formulation. This research addresses how public participation impacts budgeting formulation and outcomes in Pemba municipality. Therefore, the research objectives were: Establish the influence of the existing public policies on the budget formulation of Pemba Municipality, determine the influence of the level of involvement of the public on the budget formulation in Pemba Municipality and establish the influence of the existing methods on the budget formulation in Pemba Municipality. Stakeholders’ theory supported the study, and a descriptive approach was applied with qualitative and quantitative methods to achieve the objectives above. A sample of 100 participants, distributed across the entire Pemba city municipality with ten neighborhoods were identified using a simple non-random probabilistic technique. The sample was extracted from the study's target population, the total number of 122652 people registered as voters in the 2018 electoral census. Then, semi-structured questionnaires were administrated to gather data from the participants. A deductive approach was applied for the analysis and interpretation of the qualitative data gathering, and quantitative was done through the help of the SPSS program. The study revealed that existing public policies have a significant and positive influence on budget formulation in Pemba Municipality. The results showed that the F-statistic's significance level (p-value) is 0.003, which is less than the usual cutoff of 0.05. This low p-value suggests that at least one of the predictors significantly contributes to explaining the variance in budget formulation, indicating that the regression model as a whole is statistically significant. The research concluded that the level of public involvement is a key determinant in the effectiveness and fairness of budget formulation in Pemba Municipality. The recommendations that Government of Mozambique should enhance existing public policies to further institutionalize public participation in budget formulation. This includes revising legal provisions to mandate structured participation at all stages of the budget cycle and ensuring that local governments like Pemba Municipality are empowered and obligated to implement these provisions consistently. Stakeholders and municipal leaders should adopt more inclusive strategies to increase the participation of marginalized and underrepresented groups, including women, youth, and rural residents.Item Women Leadership in Elective Positions in Kenya: A Case of Nyamira County(Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Ongeri,Thomas OteteDespite constitutional and institutional frameworks aimed at promoting gender equality in Kenya, women’s representation in elective political positions remains critically low, especially at the county level. The underrepresentation of women in elective leadership is a global challenge to the realization of gender equality and inclusive governance. This study investigates the drivers of women’s leadership in elective positions in Nyamira County. The specific objectives include the influence of cultural, economic and political factors on women’s pursuit and attainment of elective offices. Anchored in Patriarchy and Feminist Theories, the study employed a descriptive survey design targeting 384 registered voters across the county’s four constituencies. The study used structured questionnaires and interview schedules to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for quantitative analysis, while qualitative responses were examined thematically. The findings reveal that entrenched patriarchal norms, traditional gender roles, cultural taboos and exclusionary political party structures continue to suppress women’s leadership ambitions. The study also found that, economically, limited access to financial capital, land ownership disparities, and the cost-intensive nature of political campaigns disproportionately affect women candidates. Politically, the study uncovers systematic exclusion of women in party nominations, limited media visibility and heightened vulnerability to electoral violence and character assassination. The study concluded that entrenched cultural resistance to female candidacy, financial inequities in campaign mobilization and political party biases significantly perpetuate systemic discrimination against women in leadership engagement. The report suggests that political parties, the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC), and the Kenyan Parliamentcounty governments, and gender advocacy organizations prioritize the implementation of gender-responsive policies and legal reforms. The study also recommends deliberate policy enforcement, targeted civic education, economic empowerment programs, gender-sensitive electoral reforms and the institutionalization of quota systems. It further calls for sustained political will and policy enforcement to dismantle the patriarchal structures that hinder women's leadership. The research contributes to the discourse on gender, governance and politics in Kenya and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, political actors and civil society to bridge the gender leadership gap at the county levelItem Information Management in the Context of Community Policing and Crime Prevention in Meru County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Philp BoenEvidence on effectiveness of community policing information management system on crime prevention in Meru County is not clearly documented. This study will help to gain insight into role of community policing information management on crime prevention in Meru County. The study sets out to: examine how intelligence gathering affect crime prevention in Meru, Kenya, interrogate data profiling of criminals in relation to crime prevention in Meru County, assess effect of data processing in crime prevention in Meru County and to establish how information sharing affect crime prevention in Meru County. The research will use social disorganization theory. Descriptive research design will be applied. The research will target about 160 residents residing in Meru County Kenya. The piloting was will be conducted using 14 respondents which are 10% of the sample size. Key informants will be drawn from the community policing members in Meru and National Police Service members. The sampling of the respondents will be done by stratified random sampling technique while the informants will be purposively sampled. The study will utilize quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. Data collection will be done by use of questionnaire and structured interviews. Secondary data will be gathered using a thematic review of related literature on community policing and crime prevention. Consultation between the researcher and the supervisor will ensure content validity and guarantee that the research instrument measure what they intend to. Descriptive statistics will be used in presenting quantitative data in form of tables while qualitative data will be analyzed using content analysis.Item Working Conditions and Performance of Nyamira County Assembly Employees, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-12) Nyabuto, Markphine KeruboThe working conditions for employees of the Nyamira County Assembly are comparable to those in other county governments. The factors that contribute to suboptimal employee performance include an inadequate physical work environment, lack of job security, and excessive workloads. Counties have made efforts to improve these conditions, but many staff members continue to experience challenges due to insufficient infrastructure and limited resources, which affect efficient job performance. Additionally, a growing imbalance between professional and personal life has negatively affected the productivity of the employee. These challenges raise concerns about the effectiveness of service delivery within the county assembly. This research aimed to investigate the association between employee productivity and the work environment in Nyamira County Assembly. The study assesses how employee performance is affected by the physical workspace, job security, work-life balance, and workload. The research design used in the study was descriptive. The sampled respondents included assembly employees, 43 administrative staff, 58 support staff and 12 legislative assistants. A questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Regression analysis, mean, and standard deviation were used in the statistical analysis of the data. Content analysis was used for the study of qualitative data. Ethical considerations for the study included informed consent, confidentiality, objectivity and anonymity. The findings of the study indicated that Nyamira County assembly employees' working conditions affect their performance. Job security was identified as the most influential factor, which shows its critical role in promoting employee commitment and productivity. A supportive physical work environment, robust job security, and effective work-life balance are strongly associated with enhanced employee performance. The study recommends that the county prioritise improvements in office space and implement noise reduction measures to optimise the physical work environment. Furthermore, management should communicate and consistently enforce job retention and career progression policies to strengthen job security.Item Implementation of National Tax Policy and Organizational Performance of the Kenya Revenue Authority, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Nyasuna, Lucy ObuyaOrganizational performance of Kenya Revenue Authority has been a key challenge evidenced by failure to meet revenue collection targets. The government expects to use the tax revenues collected by KRA to fund budgetary deficits. Failing to meet the set revenue targets by Kenya Revenue Authority has piled a lot of pressure to borrow. Currently, the level of external debt for the government of Kenya is high and if necessary, steps have like enhancing organizational performance of KRA is not undertaken. Successful implementation of a national tax policy can set clear and realistic goals and targets that can go a long way to enhancing organizational performance of government agencies like Kenya Revenue Authority. Thus, the present study sought to establish the effect of implementation of national tax policy on the organizational performance of the KRA. More specifically, the link between resource allocation, coordination of roles and feedback mechanisms on organizational performance of the KRA were explored. The study was guided by RBV, resource dependence theory and the institutional theory. The design for adoption being descriptive survey, 97 employees responsible for implementation of the national tax policy from KRA Headquarters were targeted. Since the population was small, census was adopted. Information was gathered through a close structured questionnaire containing close ended items designed on a 5-point Likert scale. A pilot study was conducted among 10 employees working at KRA being equivalent to 8% of the study sample and they were excluded from the final study and the results were used to determine reliability. Content validity was ensured through supervisor and two industry experts in the field of public policy. Data and gathered information were analyzed using means, standard deviations and regression analysis and presented in form in tabular and figure form. The regression model took the following form: Y=β0+β1X1+β2X2+β3X3+ϵ. Diagnostic tests including multicollinearity, normality and heteroscedacity were performed in advance to validate regression analysis assumptions. The findings were that coordination of roles had the greatest positive and significant effect on organizational performance of KRA followed by resource allocation and lastly feedback mechanisms respectively. The study conclude that successful implementation of a national tax policy is a significant driver of organizational performance. It was recommended that finance managers working at KRA should exercise prudence in the allocation of the available financial resources. Adequate budget should be set aside carrying out the implementation of the national tax policy. The senior managers working at KRA should have a fully operational department that will be responsible for coordinating all matters of implementing the national tax policy. Managers responsible for executing the national tax policy at KRA should provide timely feedback on the progress made in the implementation endeavors.Item Own Source Revenue and Financial Independence in County Governments: A Case of Marsabit County(Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Yate, Abraham MamoCounty Governments in Kenya struggle with low rates of own source revenue generation. Due to this, entities are unable to meet their annual revenue collection targets and realize only modest annual growth in revenue generation. The County Government of Marsabit registered a steady decline in own source revenue collections from the financial years 2019/2020 to 2022/2023. Further, it has not been able to fulfill the annual target established for the period between 2018/2019 and 2022/2023. This research thus sought to investigate own source revenue as an enabler of financial independence of Marsabit County Government in Kenya. particularly, the investigation also sought to establish whether the automation of tax collection, administration of levies and diversification of fees charged enhances financial independence of county government of Marsabit. The research was based on resource-based view theory and the ability to pay theory of taxation. The survey research design has been employed for the investigation. The study population that is targeted was two hundred and forty. A purposive sample of 120 respondents was drawn from a population of 240 county officials and stakeholders and Primary data was gathered using questionnaires. From the available literature, qualitative data was collected. A pilot investigation will be done to determine the reliability and validity of the study instrument. In analysis of data, descriptive study design was utilized. Effective analysis tools were adopted to analyze the data gathered from respondents and were presented in form of tables, pie charts, and graphs. The investigation revealed that automation of tax collection, levy collection, and fee diversification significantly contributed to Marsabit County's financial independence. Automation improved efficiency and minimized errors (regression coefficient = 0.325, p = 0.004), levy collection boosted financial growth (regression coefficient = 0.417, p = 0.001), and diversifying fees strengthened the county’s financial stability (regression coefficient = 0.369, p = 0.002). The study concluded that automation of tax collection, effective levy management, and fee diversification significantly enhance the financial independence of Marsabit County. It recommends investing in automated systems, improving levy collection procedures, and diversifying revenue sources to ensure fiscal sustainability.Item Community Policing Strategies and Crime Prevention in Kisii Central Sub-County, Kisii County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Mudibo, John TerryAcross the globe, community-oriented policing has consistently been the preferred model for law enforcement agencies aiming to improve police-public relations and address crime and disorder. Despite ongoing efforts by various stakeholders to manage security challenges, Kisii Central Sub-County, the focus of this research, continued to face these difficulties. This study investigated the influence of different community policing strategies implemented by security sector stakeholders in addressing insecurity within Kisii Central Sub-County. The research objectives were to: examine the influence of community engagement on crime prevention, analyze the influence of strategic communication in crime prevention, determine the influence of resources on crime prevention, and assess how community perceptions shaped crime prevention initiatives in Kisii Central Sub-County. This research was guided by the broken windows theory, which posits that failing to address initial signs of insecurity can lead to more widespread problems, and the systems theory, which recognizes the interconnected roles of various stakeholders in achieving successful crime prevention. The research embraced a descriptive research design, collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. The target population included members of the chairpersons of the sub-location community policing committees, national government administrative officers, and police officers, with a sample size of 80 participants. A pilot study was done in the neighboring sub-county of Masaba South. Data was gathered using interview schedules and questionnaires. Qualitative data underwent content analysis and was categorized by theme. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented in tables, charts, and graphs. Ethical considerations were strictly adhered to, ensuring anonymity, confidentiality, research authorization and permits were obtained, and the study's objectives were clearly explained to the participants. The study examined the role of community policing strategies in crime prevention in Kisii Central and found that a strong community engagement (M=3.75, SD=0.946) has a positive influence on crime prevention (β=0.308, p=0.002). Strategic communication (M=3.84, SD=1.027) and resource allocation (β=0.169, p<0.001) also proved to be significant factors. Community perception (M=3.95, SD=1.21) showed a strong positive impact on the effectiveness of crime prevention, with R²=0.634 in the regression analysis. The study concluded that active community engagement, effective strategic communication, adequate resource allocation, and positive community perception are crucial for successful crime prevention in Kisii Central. The findings highlight the need for collaborative efforts between law enforcement and the community, emphasizing investment in resources and the building of trust as fundamental elements for effective crime control. The study recommended strengthening community engagement by establishing regular forums and joint committees. It suggested developing a comprehensive multi-channel communication strategy to reach all community demographics. Local authorities should prioritize resource allocation for training, infrastructure, and technology. Furthermore, law enforcement agencies should focus on transparency and building positive community perceptions through consistent communication and addressing concerns promptly.Item Implementation of Housing Policy and Provision of Affordable Housing in Nairobi City County(Kenyatta University, 2025-12) Abdalla, HassanThis study aimed to examine the intricate link between the implementation of housing policies and the availability of affordable housing within Nairobi City County. Despite the increasing demand for affordable housing in urban centers, key challenges such as financing costs, construction input expenses, inadequate community participation, and limited infrastructure development persists, limiting access to affordable housing. The study specifically sought to address the gap in understanding how these factors interrelated and influenced the affordability and accessibility of housing in Nairobi. Drawing from a target group of 3,400 individuals, a carefully selected sample of 138 participants - comprising county residents, government officials, and private developers - was engaged in the research. The study was guided by four objectives: to examine the effects of housing costs, assess sources of financing, evaluate the influence of community engagement, and explore the impacts of infrastructural placement on the provision of affordable housing in Nairobi City County. The study was guided by the Public Interest Economic Regulation Theory, Institutional Theory, and Stakeholder Theory. Adopting a mixed-methods research design, the study combined both quantitative and qualitative techniques to thoroughly investigate the complex factors impacting affordable housing. The analysis focused on identifying both the strengths and gaps in the current housing system, aiming to generate practical recommendations for policy enhancement. Special attention was given to understanding housing finance dynamics, cost implications, and infrastructure availability to uncover the specific needs and priorities of Nairobi’s population. Community involvement was also explored to evaluate how collaborative efforts among stakeholders influenced the effective delivery of affordable housing. To ensure a broad and inclusive perspective, the study’s sample included a diverse range of voices from key sectors. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), with multiple regression analysis applied to examine the relationships between various influencing factors such as financing costs, construction inputs, infrastructure placing, and community participation. The key findings identified the primary barriers to affordable housing in Nairobi, with a focus on financing constraints and infrastructure gaps. The study also revealed how increased community participation could enhance the efficiency and sustainability of housing delivery. The implications of these findings will inform the development of more targeted, inclusive, and effective housing policies, ultimately guiding urban planning and fostering better stakeholder collaboration in Nairobi’s housing sector.Item Influence of Community Participation on Budgeting Process in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-06) Sabulei, Philemon K.Low levels of community involvement, inadequate feedback systems, and poor communication frequently plague public budgeting in devolved entities such as Elgeyo Marakwet County, impeding inclusive and responsive governance. This study looked at how community involvement affected the budgeting process in Kenya's Elgeyo Marakwet County. The study aimed to examine the influence of community participation on the budgeting process in Elgeyo Marakwet County by focusing on four areas: communication channels, feedback mechanisms, guided participation, and community-based program decisions. It was grounded in the Community Action Planning (CAP) model, which emphasizes inclusive stakeholder involvement in development planning. A descriptive survey design was used to conduct the research, allowing for a structured investigation into how community participation influences budget formulation and decision-making processes. The study's target population consisted of 301 participants, five employees of the budget office, twenty-nine members of the general public, twenty-six ward administrators, 196 members of the ward development committee, fifteen members of the Elgeyo Marakwet County Assembly's budget and appropriation committee, seven members of the public participation office, twenty-four chief officers and directors, five communication officers, four controller of the budget, and three fiscal analysts. The respondents were sampled for the study using stratified sampling. The sample size for this study was 172 respondents, proportionally distributed. Data were collected using questionnaires and an interview guide. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was sought from all participants. A pilot study was carried out in Uasin Gishu County to determine the validity and reliability of the research instruments. Qualitative data collected were organized into themes which assisted the researcher in thematically analyzing data based on objectives. The analyzed qualitative data were presented in written reports. The questionnaire data were coded, arranged, and analyzed. The SPSS programme version 25 was used to analyze obtained data using descriptive and inferential statistics. Frequency, means, mode, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation are examples of descriptive statistics. Correlation and regression were used as inferential statistics. Tables were used to present the data that has been analyzed. The study findings indicated that there was a positive linear effect of channel of communication on budgeting process (β₁ = .171, p = 0.000). Community participation feedback has a positive and significant effect on budgeting process (β₂ = .259, p = 0.003). Guided community participation was found to have a positive and significant effect on budgeting process (β₃ = .315, p = 0.000). Program decisions were found to have a positive and significant effect on budgeting process (β₄ = .287, p = 0.000). The study concluded that effective budgetary process is enhanced by a continuous flow of communication. Ensuring community interaction brings together an informed society on matters of public participation and improves the budgetary process. Effective budgetary process is enhanced through good community interaction, continuous communication, and government feedback on project implementation. Increased budgetary process requires that government officials and leaders prioritize community needs, take control of the process, and ensure the community is guided by priorities. The budgetary process has been enhanced through community commitment to the laid-down programs. The study recommends strengthened capacity building, continuous communication, and active community interaction to enhance public awareness and participation. Government feedback on project implementation should be prioritized to improve transparency and effectiveness in the budgetary process.Item Devolution of early childhood development and its effect on service delivery in Kajiado County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-04) Murungi, Makena PurityImageItem Nyumba Kumi Initiative and Maintenance of Public Order in Kitui County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Muthangya, Paul K.Security in Mutitu Sub-county has not been as desired due to different conflicts. Despite the adoption and implementation of community policing, and subsequently the ‘Nyumba kumi’ initiative to curb the vice at the grassroots level, insecurity is still taunting locals. This study aimed to establish the initiative’s put in place and their effect in maintaining public order by Nyumba Kumi Initiative. The research objectives were to evaluate the effect of conflict mitigation strategies, stakeholder participation, intelligence gathering and stakeholder training in the maintenance of public order. The study was anchored on public participation and street level bureaucracy theory. Descriptive research design was employed. The research targeted 440 respondents which included National Government Administrative officers, National Police service officers, village elders, and Nyumba Kumi leaders. Purposive and random sampling was used to select the respondents; a total of 108 respondents formed the sample size out of the 138 questionnaires distributed. ANOVA test on various aspects of the maintenance of public order was used to assess if there was a divergent opinion among the various groups of people involved in the Nyumba Kumi initiative. Also, dominant themes were used to present the content analysis of some crucial factors that may affect the outcomes obtained. Ethical considerations of anonymity and confidentiality were adhered to. The study found that alternative dispute resolution techniques were used to mitigate conflicts in the sub-county. It was done through mediation, negotiation, and arbitration. It was also noted that, the members of the general public were not open to consulting with the members of the security due to fear, and the key method of public participation was through public barazas. Additionally, intelligence gathering within the Nyumba Kumi framework was noted to be partially effective, with technological advancements offering some support, but challenges remain in ensuring adequate whistleblower protection and adherence to legal provisions. Furthermore, stakeholder training was highlighted as inconsistent and hindered by limited government support, lack of resources, and communication gaps. Addressing these barriers could improve training effectiveness and strengthen security efforts. Despite the noted challenges, the Nyumba Kumi initiative has contributed positively to peaceful co-existence and significantly reduced crimes in the Mutitu sub-county communityItem Organizational Communication and Performance of Employees in Wajir County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2025-12) Abdi, Mohammed AdowPublic institutions in Kenya grapple with serious challenges in organizational communication over clarity, efficiency, and information dissemination channels, which, in turn, have an adverse effect on decision-making, productivity, and employee morale. In counties such as Wajir, where issues of geography, culture, and infrastructure add to the communication challenges, the primary objective of this study is to assess organizational communication and performance in Wajir County, Kenya. The study sought to assess the effect of clarity in communication, efficiency in communication, and overload of information, on an employee-based performance in Wajir County. The theoretical framework for the study consisted of relevant systems theory and the Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory. The descriptive research design was used in guiding all 4,100 employees working in various county departments and offices, while Yamane (1970) formula gave a sample of 364 respondents through both proportionate stratified and random sampling techniques. The quantitative data was gathered through a semi structured questionnaire. In addition to the questionnaire, qualitative data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with a select group of department heads and managers. The pilot study was carried out with a sample 36 respondents who are similar to the actual participants in Wajir County. The quantitative data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, means, and standard deviations were used to summarize the responses from the questionnaire, providing an overview of the central tendencies and distributions of the key variables’ clarity, efficiency, information overload, channels of communication, and employee performance. For qualitative data analysis, the responses from semi-structured interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Thematic analysis involved identifying and coding key themes related to the research objectives, such as communication clarity, information overload, and the effectiveness of communication channels. The study concludes that key dimensions of organizational communication significantly influence employee performance within Wajir County. Employees generally perceive communication as clear, particularly concerning direct supervisory interactions and task instructions, which is crucial for understanding roles and expectations. Similarly, communication processes are largely seen as efficient, enabling prompt access to necessary information and effective utilization of communicationItem Citizen Satisfaction with Electronic-Government Services: A Case Study of Huduma Centre Mombasa(Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Grace Faith MwendwaGovernments worldwide have increasingly turned to Information Communication Technology (ICT) to modernize public sector operations, a process widely known as e-government. E-government seeks to improve citizen satisfaction, cut down on inefficiencies, and improve service delivery. Perceived service value has an impact on e-government service quality and citizens’ willingness to continue using digital platforms. However, traditional government services have historically faced challenges such as corruption, bureaucracy, nepotism, weak ethics, political interference, and rigid legal structures, which discourage both citizens and investors. These inefficiencies are often worsened by bribery and lack of transparency. The study focused on e-government service delivery at the Huduma Centre and specific objectives to assess effects of user skills, information sources, value for money, and system reliability on the effectiveness of e-government services. The study was guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and primarily anchored on Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECP), supported by the UTAUT. Using descriptive design, study targeted 85 respondents through a census approach. A pilot study involving 10 participants was conducted. Questionnaires were used to collect data, while SPSS version 26 facilitated analysis. Results shows that system reliability plays a significant role in determining the effectiveness of e-government services, influencing citizens’ decisions to use them. Additionally, user skills had strong positive correlation with uptake of e-government platforms. Results also revealed that access to accurate and adequate information is significantly associated with the utilization of digital services. Furthermore, value for money emerged as a key factor influencing users’ perceptions of e- services. The analysis came to the conclusion that system reliability, user skills, information provision, and value for money are crucial determinants of successful e-government adoption. It recommended that governments should invest in strengthening system reliability, enhancing digital literacy among users, and ensuring transparency to maximize the benefits of e-government. By addressing these factors, public institutions can foster greater trust, efficiency, and citizen engagement in digital service delivery.