MST-Department of Public Policy and Administration

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Corporate Affairs And Service Delivery Of Organizations: A Case Of Kenya Railways, Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-10) Munyaka, Ruth W.
Public trust in businesses has been shattered by the collapse of once-highflying enterprises, which affected tens of thousands of workers and investors and generated numerous concerns about corporate practices and trustworthiness. This study therefore seeks to investigate the efficacy of corporate affairs function on service delivery of organizations: A case of Kenya Railways. The study objectives were to; determine the effect of internal communications on the service delivery by Kenya Railways, assess the contribution of public relations campaigns on the service delivery by Kenya Railways, examine the influence of corporate social responsibility on the service delivery by Kenya Railways, and to determine the influence of crisis management on the service delivery by Kenya Railways, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was based on stakeholder theory, relational theory and agency theory. A descriptive research design was adopted. The population targeted in this study was 324 respondents including staff at the corporate affairs division of Kenya Railways Corporation and premium clients. The sample size was 286 respondents. Stratified and simple random sampling was used. A questionnaire was the main instrument. A pilot study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of the research instruments. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected for this study, and both approaches to data analysis were employed. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, utilizing SPSS (Version 27.0). Inferential statistics were also performed through regression modeling. The findings from the quantitative analysis were presented primarily in tables. On the other hand, the qualitative data was evaluated using content analysis, aiming to identify recurring themes that align with the study’s objectives. These themes provided a deeper understanding of the qualitative data collected. The study findings indicated that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between internal affairs communications on service delivery (r=0.622, p<0.05); there was a statistically significant positive effect of public relations campaigns on service delivery of KRC (r=0.631; p<0.05); there was statistically significant positive effect of corporate social responsibility on service delivery of KRC (r=0.411; p<0.05) and that there was statistically significant positive effect of crisis management on service delivery of KRC (r=0.597; p<0.05). The study concluded that the internal affairs communications (for example, email, intranet, and meetings) are easily accessible and user-friendly; PR is designed to foster a mutually-beneficial relationship with a group of people affected by the firm operations; incorporating CSR principles into service delivery processes can also help mitigate certain risks associated with social or environmental issues and effectively handling crises can mitigate the negative impacts on both the organization’s reputation and its financial performance. The study recommends that Kenya Railways enhance its internal communication and public relations strategies to build stronger relationships with stakeholders and improve service delivery. Additionally, the integration of corporate social responsibility and effective crisis management practices should be prioritized to bolster the organization’s reputation and resilience in the face of challenges.
Social Cultural Practices and Teenage Pregnancy in Kilifi County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-07) Mwangi, Mary Nyakio
Globally, teenage pregnancy is a significant and concerning trend. This tendency is concerning in Kenya, where the coastline region is most affected. The study addressed four study objectives, namely to establish the effect of socio-and cultural norms, child protection practices, sex education, and parenting styles in the rise of teenage pregnancies in Kilifi County. The study was to determine how socio-cultural practices take part to the increase of teenage pregnancies in Kilifi County. Kilifi County was selected due to the rising number of teenage pregnancies in the hospital's maternity records. The research was supported by Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory and Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory, and descriptive design was used. The target population was 700 pregnant teenagers,500 households, 300 nurses, and 70 sub-county children's officers in Kilifi County. A sample of 70 pregnant teenage mothers,30 nurses(midwives), 50 household heads and 7 sub-county children officers was used in the research. The researcher used questionnaires and interview schedules. To assess quantitative and descriptive data, statistical procedures such as average or mean percentages and frequencies were employed. Thirty nurses (midwives), fifty household heads, and seventy pregnant adolescent moms provided information via semi-structured questionnaires. There were charts, graphs, and tables used. Interview schedules were used to gather information from seven sub-county child officers. The qualitative data were analyzed using a theme analysis. For ethical concerns, the researcher sought authority from Kenyatta University graduate school, a research permit from NACOSTI and the ethics committee, and confidentiality and anonymity of information collected were observed. The study recommends that harmful social and cultural practices should be eradicated, and this will reduce the number of teenage pregnancies. The results from this study are useful to policymakers in government, the education sector, the public health sector, and religious and non-governmental organizations handling the welfare of teenagers in Kenya.
Strategic Planning Practices and Public Service Delivery: A Case of Alternative Livelihood
(Kenyatta University, 2024-10) Shigoli, Victor
Strategic planning has been touted as important for public service institutions to align their resources and actions with their goals and objectives to improve their ability to deliver services. This study assessed how strategic planning practices influences public service delivery. Specifically, the research analyzed how strategy formulation affects public service delivery in Samburu County government's alternative livelihood projects; examined how strategy implementation affects public service delivery in Samburu County government’s alternative livelihood projects; and assessed how strategy evaluation affects public service delivery in Samburu County government’s alternative livelihood projects. The study applied the Resource Based View theory which indicates that resources need to be aligned with the strategic choices of organizations if intended results are to be achieved. The study applied a descriptive research design collected data using questionnaires from 166 County government officers, recipients of alternative livelihood projects and technical experts. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that Samburu County has a strategic plan outlining the vision and mission of the County. The most successful projects in the County were poultry farming projects, crop farming projects, and apiculture in that order. This study found that aquaculture projects have no beneficiaries thus unsuccessful. At formulation stage, there was average involvement of the public. The County is equipped and has capabilities (skills, resources and leadership) to formulate a strategic plan for improving service delivery. Alternative livelihood projects averagely meet the vision, mission and strategic objectives of the County. Another finding is that Samburu County government did not implement the projects in a timely manner; quality of organisation culture and conducive environment were also below average in implementation stage. There is also low approval rating for efficiency levels of the County to utilize resources. At strategy evaluation stage, there are performance management systems used by the County government to evaluate projects. However, there lacks continuous evaluation and the level of monitoring of the internal and external project environments for potential adjustments is in doubt. Further, the quality of M&E is below standard and the County does not conduct outcome evaluation to check the results or even effectiveness of alternative livelihood projects. Lastly, there is a sustainability concern of the projects. This study shows that public service delivery by the County has not fulfilled major requirements that lead to success therefore, contributing to average performance of alternative livelihood projects as a form of public service. This study concluded that there is a general satisfaction with effectiveness of alternative livelihood projects to meet needs of intended beneficiaries. The recommends that there is need for in-depth participation among all stakeholders in strategic planning practices; implementation should factor in proper utilization of resources; human and financial resources should be adequately factored in; there should be continuous and regular project evaluation.
Corporate Governance Practices and Procurement Performance in the Public Sector: A Case of Ministry of Lands, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Ibrahim, Zainab Yusuf
There is lack of contextual evidence on the real governance practices exercised by the public officers in public sector in Kenya and their effects on service delivery or the performance of state institutions. The undertaking of this study therefore help identify governance practices exercised by land officers in Kenya, the problems that need to be identified and potential interventions to be put forward. The specific objectives were to assess the effects of transparency, accountability, risks management and ethics and integrity on public procurement performance in Kenya. The agency, white collar crime and fraud triangle theories supported the study. The descriptive design was used with 531 populations from the state agency. This study used Kish formulas to choose 228 sample sizes. Content validity of this tool was based on professional judgement, including discussion of product with research director. The above or equal to 0.7 alpha was used with data analysis supported by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0. The analysis was both descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Before data collection, research permits were obtained from relevant government agency. The findings established that coefficient of correlation was 0.817, an indication that the study variables significantly influenced procurement performance of ministry of lands. Coefficient of adjusted determination was 0.658 which translates to 65.8%. This indicates that variations in dependent variable was explained by the independent four variables (Transparency, accountability, risk management, ethical and integrity). The residual of 34.2% could be explained by other factors beyond the scope of the current study. The study concludes that corporate governance practices significantly affect the procurement performance at the ministry of lands. The findings also revealed that transparency, accountability, risk management, ethical and integrity significantly affect the procurement performance. Through transparency, stakeholders are provided with access to information, fostering trust and confidence in the integrity of procurement decisions and reducing the risk of corruption. The ministry of lands and physical planning should uphold the transparency as a cornerstone principle throughout procurement processes. By ensuring that all stages of procurement are open, accessible, and well-documented, the Ministry can foster trust among stakeholders and mitigate the risk of corruption or favoritism. Implementing robust mechanisms for disclosure of information regarding procurement decisions, contract awards, and supplier selection criteria is imperative
Contribution of CBOs to Covid-19 Pandemic Management in Kisumu County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-02) Onyango, Cosmas
The wave of Covid-19 brought a shock that has harmed the worldwide economic system, disrupting the usual way of life. The inadequacy of governments to offer critical services necessitated the call for this gap to be filled by other non-governmental stakeholders like Community Based organizations (CBOs). Self-initiated projects such as creating pandemic attention to minimize the scourge of the virus and offering different material help are just but means through which CBOs can attain this task. Strategic Nyakach (SN) is the biggest, most active CBO with initiatives which have addressed various demanding situations along with education, governance and environmental factors within Nyakach Sub-County. This research intended to analyze the contribution of CBOs to promote community standards within the covid-19 pandemic duration in Kenya. The research used the Collective action theory, and resource Mobilization theory. The analysis sampled Nyakach Sub-County purposely as the place of study. Descriptive research layout and purposive stratified random sampling with varying proportion in line with stratum was applied and, 100 citizens of Nyakach Sub County were randomly selected for the reason of gathering the statistics required. For statistics instruments, the study used questionnaires and interview schedules. Pilot study was done to test efficacy and dependability of the instruments. 5 non-randomly selected respondent, residents of Nyakach Sub-county participated in the pilot study, carried out in 2022. Bar charts, figures and tables were used for visual comparison of frequencies. The qualitative non-coded statistics from the family respondents and KII interviews was thematically analyzed alongside the set objectives to present credence to the voices of the respondents. The researcher ensured that ethical concepts were followed and the respondents were privy to their rights. Study permit was sought from Kenyatta University and NACOSTI. Ministry of health Covid-19 pointers were followed throughout the study. The research findings were that Community based organization imparted knowledge to the local communities through civic engagements. Due to its networking capacity, CBO is a link between the local community and critical agencies responsible for public safety. Community organizations are in a better position than other development agencies to initiate leadership. This is because they work within the community, not through intermediaries, to reach people in the community. The study also found that the Financial Aid Department was unable to meet the large support need due to the large financial support needed for the project. This calls for intrinsic partnerships with agencies in various governmental and humanitarian fields to achieve this goal.
Determinants of Public Sector Reforms on Service Delivery in the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government: A Case Study of Isiolo County Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Koko, Andrew Omolo
This study aimed to examine the determinants of public sector reforms on service delivery in the Ministry of Interior and Internal Coordination, Isiolo County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were; to sought for opinions on how the internal structuring of the Ministry of Interior and co-ordination of government programs has improved the service delivery in the public sector of Isiolo County. to examine how the digital operationalization has helped create change in service delivery in public sector, to the people of Isiolo County and to examine the influence caused by the training of Ministry’s staff members, and improving service delivery-Isiolo County. The respondents were all employees working in all the Ministry of Interior and Internal and Coordination of National Government, Isiolo County. The theories which guided the study were Ability, Motivation, Opportunity Theory, Reinforcement and Expectancy Theories, Equity Theory. The target population for the study comprised of 3108 permanent employees working in the ministries and departments in the County Government of Isiolo where a sample population of 354 was used. Primary data was used in this research and was collected by use of questionnaires. Three types of validity were used in this study namely; content validity, construct validity and face validity. Reliability of the research instrument was determined using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient where a coefficient value of greater than 0.70 from a pilot study data showed that the instrument was reliable. To enhance content validity, expert opinion from professionals in public policy and reform field, researcher’s supervisors were sought and their comments incorporated to improve the instrument. The face validity was enhanced through instruments review. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis which enabled the researcher to describe distribution of scores and even measurements. The collected raw data from the field was coded and transcribed and translated into quantitative data and then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24). Correlations were used to test the strength of the relationship between the variables; independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings revealed that capacity building, performance management system and employee motivation significantly impacted the service delivery in the ministry of interior and coordination of national government as indicated by P-value of 0.003. The government should implement comprehensive capacity building programs that address the diverse skill sets required within the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government. This includes technical skills, leadership development, and specialized training to keep the workforce abreast of emerging trends and technologies in the public sector.
Determinants of Implementation of the National Government Constituency Development Fund Projects in Malindi Constituency, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Mwavuo, Felix Ngala
The National Government-Constituency Development Fund (NGCDF) in Kenya has assisted in developing otherwise forgotten areas of our society through building of schools, health centers, water projects, agriculture, bursaries and roads. Though many have lived up to their mandates, questions still arise of how efficiently the NGCDF projects have been done in serving their intended purposes to the society. This study therefore was meant to examine the determinants of implementing NG-CDF projects so that they become efficient. The study was done in Malindi constituency in Kilifi County, Kenya. The study was guided by Theory of Project Implementation, and Belassi and Tukel Theory of Success. Objectives of this study were: to establish the extent to which timeliness of the NGCDF projects determine their implementation in Kilifi County, to assess the extent to which competency of technical labour used determines the implementation of NGCDF projects in Kilifi County, to examine how specifications with Bills of Quantities determines the implementation of NGCDF projects in Kilifi County and to investigate how quality of materials used determines the implementation of NGCDF projects in Kilifi County. A target study population of 250 school parents were selected for use where the sample size was 78 parents who were identified from the target population. The study used descriptive approach in gathering the data which were primary and secondary. The researcher collected data using self-administering questionnaires, interviews and observations and analyze the results using inferential and descriptive statistics. The pilot study was done to enhance reliability and validity of research instrument. The results were displayed through figures and tables. Respondents are going to be identified through probability and non-probability simple random sampling technique. The study is supposed to find out whether timeliness, competency of technical labour, BQ specifications and quality of materials used enhances the efficiency of NGCDF projects.
Determinants of Enforcement of the Alcoholic Drinks Control Policies in Nairobi City County, Kenya from 2018 to 2022
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Wangui, Jolinda
Community Participation on Crime Prevention in Isiolo County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Ndung’u, Paul Mugo
Economic prosperity of any nation owes its growth to myriads of factors such as political, economic, environmental, and social. Crime has proved to be a major bottleneck to economic growth and development as it causes economic uncertainty, discouraging long-term investment and new employment opportunities as well as eroding the rule of law. The various governments across the globe have devised ways of curbing crime and this includes the establishment of police entities. Past studies have established that these entities exhibit gaps that have called for other alternative approaches to crime prevention. This study focuses on community participation as an alternative to crime prevention. It highlighted various crime prevention strategies with major focus on community involvement. This study was guided by objectives which include determination of how the flow of information affects crime prevention in Isiolo County, establishing the extent to which transparency of security agencies assist in crime prevention in Isiolo County and investigating the community engagement in crime prevention in Isiolo County. It was anchored on Rational choice theory and Routine activity approach. The target population consisted of community, political and religious leaders and the police officers within Isiolo Sub County. The respondents for this study comprised of 20 police officers 3 religious leaders, 6 group leaders, 3 national government administrators, 1 local elected leader and 18 community cluster heads. Data collection was done by use of questionnaire. The reliability of instrument was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.7 philosophy. The collected quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using descriptive statistical tools. The data was organized into various themes guided by the objectives of the study. The data was presented in form of frequency tables. The findings revealed that information shared by the community members allows the security agencies to manage evidence-based, community safety interventions and examine their effectiveness. The study concludes that effect of community participation on crime prevention is undeniable, with significant implications for the flow of information, transparency of security agencies, and community engagement. Firstly, when community members actively participate in crime prevention efforts, the flow of information between residents and security agencies improves significantly. The county government and national government should establish robust channels for the flow of information. Communities should be encouraged to report suspicious activities promptly, and mechanisms must be put in place to ensure that this information reaches relevant authorities efficiently. Establishing accessible hotlines, online platforms, or community centers where residents can relay concerns or observations can greatly bolster the effectiveness of law enforcement efforts.
Emergency Livestock Interventions and Livelihoods of Pastoralists in Kajiado County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Tajeu, Mathew
The pastoral production system in Kajiado County, Kenya, faces challenges in meeting the essential needs of the local population, whose survival depends on livestock success. Periodic droughts and inadequate veterinary support threaten livestock health, directly impacting pastoralist livelihoods. This study aimed to assess the effects of veterinary interventions on pastoral livelihoods in Kajiado County, specifically examining animal supplementary feeding, water supply, livestock destocking, and veterinary service provision. Guided by the Sustainable Livelihood Framework and Disaster Management Theories, a descriptive survey design was employed, targeting 378 stakeholders from government agencies, NGOs, veterinary services, and local county leadership, with a sample size of 113.Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Findings indicated that financial constraints limit access to supplementary feeds; however, existing practices using hay, mineral supplements, and molasses generally met livestock nutritional needs. Water access improved through community-managed dams, pans, and boreholes, which provided reliable supplies during dry seasons. Destocking through direct purchases and subsidized transport improved income stability. While veterinary services were accessible, their effectiveness varied, with para-veterinary services and drug availability moderately rated. This study highlights critical areas for enhancing pastoral resilience and suggests further research into sustainable strategies for pastoralist communities facing environmental and economic challenges.
Influence of Sedentary Lifestyle, Work-Related and Socio-Demographic Characteristics on Low Back Pain among Bank Employees in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Mutua, Mary Muthini
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a common public health problem in the world. It is one of the causes of activity limitation thus leading to low productivity of employees in organizations. Occupations entailing many hours of sitting and use of computers for extended durations such as bank employees are more likely to encounter low back pain. This study therefore adopted a cross-sectional analytical survey design that sought to establish the influence of sedentary lifestyle, work-related and socio-demographic characteristics on low back pain among bank employees in Nairobi City County. The study was guided by the following objectives which were the prevalence of LBP and the severity of pain, the association between socio-demographic characteristics, sedentary lifestyle, work-related factors, and disability index, and how each is associated with low back pain among bank employees in Nairobi City County. Low back pain intensity was determined by use of the Pain Intensity Numeric Scale. LBP prevalence was judged by the use of the modified Nordic and Oswestry Disability Index Questionnaire to determine the disability level that was caused by low back pain. Sedentary lifestyle was tested by use of a modified Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Stratified, purposive, and simple random sampling techniques were used to select banks under study where 211 bank employees participated in the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used to present the findings of the socio-demographic characteristics. The Hypothesis was tested using Chi-square and Spearman Rank Correlations at a significance level of 0.05. The chi-square measure of association was used to determine the sedentary lifestyle characteristics that may lead to Low Back Pain. Spearman Rank Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between working experience and daily working hours while the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to measure whether there were significant differences between the dependent and independent variables of the study. Findings indicated that the prevalence of LBP was 54%. Females reported the highest prevalence at 60.8% compared to males at 48.2%. The chi-square test indicated no significant relationship between age and LBP X2 (3, N=211) =6.3, p .098. The chi-square results showed a significant association between gender and LBP X2(1, N=211) =3.3, P=.045. The occurrence of LBP was significantly associated with working hours X2 (3, N=211) =6.0 p=.049. Work absenteeism and low back pain indicated a significant association X2 (1, N=211) =62.89, p=.000 while age and disability index indicated a significant association X2 (9, N=211) 20.71, p=.014. Results also indicated that disability index due to low back pain contributed to work absenteeism X2(3, N=211) =13.11, p=.004. Spearman rho indicated that the age of the participant was significantly related to discomfort level caused by LBP rs .229, P.001. Kruskal Wallis H test showed that there was a significant difference between working hours and LBP (H (2) =5.995, p .050. The study recommends that regular breaks be incorporated in banking institutions so as to mitigate the high prevalence of low back pain among bank employees
Psychosocial Characteristics and Service Delivery in the National Police Service in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Jelle, Ali Mohamed
The National Police Service underwent significant transformation as a result of initiatives formulated by the Police Service in collaboration with pertinent agencies, therefore enhancing national stability. Transparency International indicated that the public expressed dissatisfaction with the police's management of security concerns. The populace exhibited diminished faith in the police. The volume of public complaints in Nairobi City County has increased during the past three years. The study encompasses five research objectives: to ascertain the impact of occupational stress, work environment, social support, intrapersonal qualities, and access to mental health on service delivery among national police officers in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The research was based on the Demand-Control paradigm, the Michigan paradigm, and Herzberg's Motivational Theory. A descriptive survey research approach was utilizedThe study mainly targeted police officers within the sub-counties. The key informants of the study comprised 12 Officers Commanding Police Division and 9 Deputy Administrative Police Commandants. Data were collected from 2000 Kenya Police Service officers and 1500 Administration Police Service officers through a questionnaire, making a total target population of 3,524. Both non-probability and probability sampling techniques were adopted. The researcher reached the 374 police officers' respondents through stratified random The study on occupational stress within the National Police Service in Nairobi City County revealed significant stress levels among officers, negatively impacting their job performance and overall well-being. Descriptive statistics showed that all respondents acknowledged the adverse effects of occupational stress, such as increased anxiety, physical exhaustion, and reduced motivation. The findings indicate that occupational stress is a pervasive issue among officers in the National Police Service, significantly affecting their mental and physical well-being and job performance. Comprehensive stress management programs and improved working conditions are essential to mitigate these negative effects. The perception of safety at the workplace is crucial, and addressing safety concerns can lead to higher job satisfaction and reduced stress levels. Social support from colleagues, supervisors, and family is vital in enhancing officers' well-being and job performance. The study recommended that the national government should introduce regular mental health check-ups, access to counseling services, and workshops on stress reduction techniques to help officers manage stress effectively. The national police service should foster a supportive work culture by promoting supervisor guidance, increasing peer interaction opportunities, and facilitating family support initiatives to enhance resilience and job satisfaction.
Role of Local Conflict Resolution on Peace Building in Mogadishu-Somali
(Kenyatta University, 2024-07) Yahye, Hassan Mokhtar
The need for conflict resolution and peace building in Somalia is crucial, this research is set to establish the role of local conflict resolution in peace building in Mogadishu- Somalia. The survey objectives were; to identify Conflict resolution mechanisms existing in Mogadishu; to investigate Conflict resolution mechanisms that have significance promoted in peace building in Mogadishu: to examine the structures of the peace negotiation processes in Mogadishu and to propose the most appropriate options for promoting peace in Mogadishu. The study was based on peacebuilding theory developed by Schellenberg H.J in 1996. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study targeted 300 people involved in conflict resolution. A total of 124 respondents made up the sample size of the population in this study, which was determined by applying Sloven's formula. There were 124 respondents comprising 31 Somali international University (SIU), 31 Goobjoog Media, 31 Somali MP and 31Banadir Community (BC) Through the use of questionnaires and interviews, data was gathered from primary and secondary sources. The average mean for the association between peacebuilding in Mogadishu and transparency in local administration was found in the study findings. This infers that fostering peace and openness in local governance are closely related. The study came to the conclusion that while local authorities should be able to identify the elements of a peace process that they find most appealing, they also need to be able to comprehend the myriad complexity of national politics. According to the report, local government leaders must be qualified to carry out the main provisions of any peace agreements in which they participate. The study recommends that there is a need to strengthen and formalize traditional conflict resolution mechanisms, such as the involvement of elders and clan-based reconciliation processes, by providing training, resources, and institutional support. This includes recognizing the legitimacy of traditional dispute resolution forums and integrating them into the broader legal and governance framework of Mogadishu.
County Government Administration and the Implementation of Covid Mitigation Measures in Machakos Level 5 Hospital, Machakos County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-10) Nguu, Carolyne Ndinda
The Constitution of Kenya (2010) ushered in devolution, and the transfer of a number of services including of public health from the central government to the county with a view to putting in place interventions that best fit the local context. The onset of Covid-19 pandemic in 2019 brought uncertainty, vulnerability, and increased health care responsibility for county governments. The county governments were faced with the challenge of handling a global pandemic. This study, therefore, sought to examine the implementation of covid mitigation measures by the county government of Machakos in Kenya. The objectives of the study were to analyse how the county government prepared isolation facilities, provided medical equipment and conducted contact tracing as a Covid-19 mitigations measure. The study was guided by the agency theory, stakeholders’ theory and the theory of decentralization. It adopted descriptive research design. The target population was 128 health practitioners and management staff at the Machakos county level 5 hospital. The study utilized a census of the entire target population as it was reasonably small. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from respondents, while key informant interviews were conducted using interview guidelines. The statistical software for the social sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to examine quantitative data, while content analysis was used to assess qualitative data. The study findings showed that the county government did very well in the provision of isolation facilities, followed by contact tracing and provision of medical equipment while there was mitigation measures put in place including provision of isolation facilities, contact tracing and provision of medical equipment there were concerns on the timeliness and adequacy. For the readiness for future pandemics, the study recommends establishing early warning systems, creating robust and strengthening of existing healthcare systems, strengthening research and development and the legal and policy framework.
Workforce Diversity and Its Influence in Career Development Decisions among National Police Service Officers in Laikipia County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Musau, Martin Mati
The National Police Service (NPS) in Kenya plays a critical role in maintaining law and order, ensuring public safety, and upholding justice. Workforce diversity within the NPS, particularly in Laikipia County, has emerged as a key factor influencing career development decisions. Despite its recognized importance in fostering innovation, adaptability, and improved community relations, the effect of diversity on recruitment practices, professional growth, and career trajectories among officers in this region remains unclear. To address this gap, the study assessed the influence of gender, disability, age, and education on career development decisions among NPS officers in Laikipia County. It was guided by Social Career Cognitive Theory, Similarity/Attractive Theory, and Agency Theory. Using a descriptive survey method, the study targeted all 616 police officers across five sub-counties, including seven police stations and 67 posts. A sample size of 278 respondents was determined using Naissuma’s (2000) formula, with stratification across the sub-counties. Semi-structured questionnaires were employed to gather both qualitative and quantitative data, supplemented by a pilot study in Meru County to test the reliability and validity of research tools. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including means, standard deviations, and frequencies, were used for analysis. The findings revealed that gender diversity significantly influences career development, highlighting the importance of promoting female representation in the NPS. Inclusivity for officers with disabilities was also found to be critical in fostering career progression. Age diversity played a significant role, with younger officers demonstrating notable influence on career decisions. Furthermore, educational attainment significantly effected career development, underscoring the value of academic qualifications for job performance and advancement. The study recommends implementing targeted diversity and inclusion initiatives, revising recruitment and promotion policies to prioritize merit and inclusivity, and accommodating officers with disabilities to enhance career development within the NPS.
Dynamics of Information Flows and Public Participation in National Government Constituency Development Funded School Projects in Garissa County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-09) Rashid, Abdirahman Ali
Public participation in the delivery of government-funded projects, such as those financed by the National Government Constituency Development Fund (NG-CDF), is undeniably low and presents significant challenges. To harness the benefits of public participatiouch as inclusivity, transparency, responsiveness to citizen needs, and successful project implementation. It is essential to identify the contributing factors to this situation. Reports indicate that Kenya lacks both a structured framework and policies for civic education and public involvement, which has significantly contributed to low turnout at meetings across the country. This lack of engagement has, without a doubt, resulted in poor execution of NG-CDF projects, particularly in areas like Dadaab Constituency. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the dynamics of information flow related to public participation in NG-CDF School Projects in Dadaab, Garissa County, Kenya. The research objectives include examining the influence of public awareness, citizens’ perspectives, and stakeholder capacity on public participation in these projects. The theoretical foundation of the research is anchored in three main theories: The Theory of Planned Behavior, the Cognitive Engagement Theory, and Putnam’s Theory of Citizen Engagement. A descriptive research design was employed, targeting a variety of stakeholders involved in NG-CDF education projects in Dadaab Constituency. The respondents include NG-CDF committee members, ward representatives, staff from the county's education department, project beneficiaries, and project managers, which consist of the heads of all 45 public primary and secondary schools in the constituency, along with members of parent-teacher associations. In total, 144 respondents were targeted for participation in the study. To gather both qualitative and quantitative data, semi-structured questionnaires were utilized, and the data were analyzed using thematic and quantitative techniques. The qualitative data were analyzed thematically while SPSS (Version 26) was employed to extract descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that public awareness has a positive and significant influence on public participation in NG-CDF School Projects (β = 0.166; P-Value < 0.05). Additionally, citizens’ perspectives and stakeholder capacity were also found to have a positive and significant effect on public participation, with coefficients of β = 0.625 (P-Value < 0.05) and β = 0.121 (P-Value < 0.05), respectively. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the NG-CDF board in Dadaab implement targeted awareness campaigns aimed at improving public participation and promoting better community development outcomes. Additionally, it is essential to establish transparency and accountability measures, provide regular updates, and create mechanisms for citizen feedback to rebuild trust within the community. Encouraging active citizen engagement through the formation of advisory committees and community forums can further ensure that projects are aligned with the needs of the residents. Lastly, investing in capacity-building initiatives focused on communication and project management is crucial for fostering meaningful engagement and ensuring the success of these projects.
Inclusive Governance in Conflict Management: A Case of Marsabit County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Abudho, James Ibrae
Inclusive constitution-building methods foster interaction between elites and constituents, ensuring both public and elite legitimacy for constitutional arrangements. Achieving a fair agreement often requires sacrifices from both parties, which highlights the essence of compromise. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of clan leaders have evolved significantly. Many clan chiefs have had to discover new ways to lead their communities while remaining true to their cultural roots. To effectively tackle the governance and development challenges facing our nation, it is crucial to actively involve clan leaders, and we urge the government and other development stakeholders to take action in this regard. Aside from a small group of peace and security experts, most Kenyans are largely unaware of these international frameworks. More importantly, the government's reluctance to integrate these guidelines into law and ensure their full implementation is concerning. Factors such as differing viewpoints, limited financial resources, and cultural variations may hinder participation in these processes. The objectives of this study were as follows: to identify the representation of clans in conflict management in Marsabit County; to establish stakeholder decision-making processes in conflict management within the county; and to assess resource distribution in relation to conflict management in Marsabit County. The study utilized contemporary theory to frame its theoretical perspectives and was conducted in Marsabit County, employing a mixed research method with a case study design. Both qualitative and quantitative data were gathered, focusing on all citizens residing in Marsabit County as the target population. Purposive sampling was employed to select interviewees for the questionnaires and interview guides. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the data collected through the questionnaires, while content analysis was applied during the investigation. Secondary data for this study was sourced from publications, journals, and other publicly available documents. The findings were presented in the form of graphs, charts, and visual representations that illustrate clan leadership and conflict management in Marsabit County. To ensure the integrity of the research, the researcher assured respondents of complete confidentiality and the absence of any risk of victimization based on the information they provided. The study concluded that inadequate representation and participation of clan leaders contribute to poor inclusive governance; effective stakeholder decision-making processes are essential for promoting inclusive governance and robust conflict management; and unequal resource distribution serves as a catalyst for further conflicts in Marsabit County, ultimately hindering the potential for effective conflict management. The findings of this study are crucial for policymakers, local administration and security teams, the Government of Kenya, county governments, and other stakeholders involved in conflict management in arid and semi-arid land (ASAL) areas.
National Drought Management Authority Strategies in Drought Mitigation in Isiolo County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Huka, Abdulkarim
Isiolo County is one of the 23 Arid and Semi-Arid Lands(ASAL) counties in Kenya that face perennial droughts affecting both the human and livestock populations and translating to social, health, and economic negative consequences. The problems of drought have seen several stakeholders engage in drought mitigation in the county, among them is the National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), a government parastatal covering ASAL counties. However, aside from their research and reports, specific studies seeking to establish the relationship between NDMA practices and their effect on mitigation of drought are minimal. The study’s objectives focused on investigating NDMA’s coordination, risk reduction, and early warning system practices and their effects on mitigating drought in Isiolo County. The study was anchored on The APFM model and Protection Motivation Theory. The targeted population was the NDMA technical team, composed of 11 members, 9 key informants from drought mitigation stakeholders, both local and international and 58,072 household heads. A census was done among the NDMA technical team and the stakeholders while simple random sampling was done to select 100 household heads determined using the Yamane Taro Formula (1967), using a precision level of +/-10%. A preliminary investigation was conducted in Marsabit County to assess the validity and reliability of the research tools. Semi-structured questionnaires were employed as a means of data collection from the participants. The study utilized a descriptive research methodology, in which quantitative data was subjected to analysis using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Additionally, qualitative data was analyzed thematically and presented in narrative form. Tables and respondent voices were used to present the data. Ethical consideration was adhered to. First, research authorization was sought from graduate school, Kenyatta University, and then a research permit from NACOSTI. Confidentiality and anonymity were adhered to throughout the research process. The findings of the study indicated that about 63.0% of the variations in drought mitigation in Isiolo County can be accounted for by the entry criterion elements. The remaining 37.0% of the variance can be ascribed to additional factors that were not included in the study; therefore, the study recommends that there is a need to strengthen the formal structure in Isiolo County to allow all stakeholders to participate in drought Mitigation and ensure that coordination of the mitigation activities is effective. Additionally, the community should be allowed to participate in each of the drought management coordination efforts and ensure the use of implementation of drought responses that are informed by research findings as these types of responses are not only effective but are also efficient. Moreover, there is also a need for NDMA to rely on historical data in providing early warning information on agriculture, livestock among others, and include increased use of other data, get real-time updates on drought conditions, and the identification of the most appropriate channel to convey any message on early warning on possible drought.
Family Planning and Child Healthcare in Banadir Region, Somalia
(Kenyatta University, 2023-06) Abdille, Abdirashid Mohamed
This study investigated how family planning impacts child healthcare in public hospitals in banadir region, somalia. The study was ancored on the following specific study objectives; to determine the impact of child spacing on child health in public hospitals in Somalia's Banadir Region, to investigate the impact of a sensitization campaign on child health in public hospitals in Banadir Region, Somalia, to ascertain the impact of local family planning practices on child health in public hospital in Banadir Region, Somalia and to assess the impact of modern contraceptives access on child health in public hospital in Banadir Region, Somalia. Social Theory was used to show the interrelationship amongst variables. The study targeted three main hospitals; Banadir Hospital, Daynile Hospital and De Martino Hospital in Banadir Region. The unit of observations were Midwives, Pharmacist, Lab technician, Nurses and child specialised Doctors totalling to 120 respondents; and an additional 1080 mothers seeking maternal care. A sample of 300 respondents was calculated using Slovin's method. Descriptive research design was applied. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather primary data. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze quantitative data. Data was shown as tables and charts. The researcher acquired permission from relevanr bodies, data and respondents were handled according to research ethics. The result supported that the child spacing within Banadir region was low, mothers moderately practiced child spacing and frequent reminders were done to all mothers. Family planning sensitization initiative was investigated in Banadir region, Somalia. Maternal deaths have place in developing nations almost exclusively. The results indicates that there was increased number of sensitization initiatives, various sensitization approaches were done from region to region and mothers have experienced a great chance from the increased sensitization strategies used. The findings in the study indicated that majority of family planning techniques utilized in the area were conventional ones and traditional family planning techniques cost less than contemporary ones. The study findings presents that modern contraceptives were more sure than traditional methods used by the respondents. Based on the statistical results presented, the study concludes that the child spacing, sensitization practices, local family planning practices and modern contraceptives had a significant effect on child healthcare access in Banadir region, Somalia. The study recommends establishment of effective planning across the community and the ministry of health should create public health campaigns and messaging that are targeted at all segments of the society.
Application of Batho Pele Principles and Its Effects on Customer Satisfaction at Kenya Revenue Authority, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2024-10) Kiogora, Ben
Growing public concern about the government's failure to deliver reliable services has led to widespread dissatisfaction. While customer satisfaction in the commercial sector has been extensively studied, the public sector requires further investigation. This study assesses how the Batho Pele Principles impact customer satisfaction at the Kenya Revenue Authority C&BCD, using Expectancy Disconfirmation theory to contrast initial customer expectations against perceived service performance. The research underscores the principles' influence in shaping expectations and experiences. Additionally, the SERVQUAL Model is employed to evaluate service quality across five dimensions, highlighting the importance of Batho Pele Principles in enhancing these areas. The New Public Governance theory further emphasizes collaboration and customer engagement in service delivery, advocating for clear service standards, innovation in public services, and thorough performance evaluation. Ethical considerations were integral to the research, including obtaining approval from Kenyatta University and NACOSTI, protecting research assistants, upholding ethical standards, and ensuring reasonable agreements with participants. Participants retained the right to withdraw at any time, seek clarification prior to publication, and uphold their privacy and confidentiality. In a study involving 461 respondents, a descriptive case study research design was employed alongside questionnaires for data collection. The researcher utilized stratified random sampling method and analyzed the data using regression analysis and SPSS, presenting the findings through charts, frequency tables, percentages, and graphs. Qualitative data was examined via content analysis and the results indicated a positive, significant, and strong linear relationship between establishing service standards, enhancing access, providing information and value for money in achieving customer satisfaction within Kenya Revenue Authority and Customs and Border Control Department (KRA, C&BCD). The study underscores the critical role of public participation in setting service standards, which enhances customer satisfaction within the customs sector. It emphasizes the necessity of ongoing training, adaptability to feedback, and advocacy for reduced tax payments to improve services. A direct link was found between better access to customs services, such as opening offices in remote areas and utilizing technology, and elevated customer satisfaction, further supported by efficient information dissemination. The analysis of value for money highlights the customs department's operations, such as cost-effectiveness and streamlined procedures, contributing positively to customer perceptions. Establishing service standards at the Kenya Revenue Authority and Customs and Border Control Department (KRA, C&BCD) is vital for client satisfaction. The findings suggest a strong relationship between updated service charters and adherence to ISO 9001 standards, indicating that public involvement is essential for meeting stakeholder expectations. Recommendations for improvement focus on facilitating online self-clearance, enhancing communication channels for tailored information, and ensuring transparency. Additionally, the study advises regular updates of the service charter, robust monitoring systems to ensure compliance, effective implementation of customer service etiquettes, and the integration of modern technology to bolster accessibility and align services with contemporary trends.

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