In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Nociceptive, and in Vitro Antioxidant Efficacy, and Acute Oral Toxicity Effects of the Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Lonchocarpus Eriocalyx (Harms.)
Loading...
Date
2021
Authors
Moriasi, Gervason Apiri
Ireri, Anthony Muriithi
Nelson, Elias Mandela
Ngugi, Mathew Piero
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes and drives many agonising inflammatory conditions, which cause disability, financial
burden, and emotional stress. The current anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant agents are associated
with adverse effects, inaccessibility, high costs, and low efficacies, thereby warranting the need for alternatives,
especially from natural sources. Lonchocarpus eriocalyx plant is traditionally used in Kenyan communities to treat
various inflammatory and oxidative stress-associated diseases; however, its pharmacologic efficacy and safety
have not been empirically validated, hence this study. The in vivo antiinflamatory and antinociceptive efficacy of
the aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of L. eriocalyx were determined using the xylene-induced ear
oedema, and the acetic acid-induced writhing techniques, respectively, in experimental mice. Also, in vitro
antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts were investigated using the Thiobarbituric acid test for lipid
peroxidation, 1, 1-diphenyl -2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and Ferric reducing antioxidant power standard assay
methods. Moreover, the studied extracts' acute oral toxicity effects were investigated according to the Organisation for Economic Corporation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The studied plant extracts showed significant dose-dependent inhibitions of oedema and writhing, depicting their anti-inflammatory and
antinociceptive efficacy. Besides, the extracts revealed significant inhibitions of in vitro lipid peroxidation in
varying degrees. Notably, the extracts demonstrated very strong DPPH radical scavenging and ferric-reducing
antioxidant efficacies. Furthermore, the two studied plant extracts did not elicit acute oral toxicity, with LD50
values of >2000 mg/kg BW, hence were considered safe. The anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and in vitro
antioxidant efficacies of these extracts were attributed to antioxidant phytocompounds with diverse pharmacologic effects, especially through the amelioration of oxidative stress. Further studies on the anti-inflammatory,
antinociceptive and antioxidant mechanism(s) and isolation and characterisation of responsible compounds are
encouraged to spur the development of affordable, accessible, safe, and efficacious drugs.
Description
Article
Keywords
Anti-inflammatory activity, Antinociceptive activity, Acute oral toxicity effects, Oxidative stress, Ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical Scavenging activity, Lipid peroxidation, Lonchocarpus eriocalyx
Citation
Moriasi, G. A., Ireri, A. M., Nelson, E. M., & Ngugi, M. P. (2021). In vivo anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, and in vitro antioxidant efficacy, and acute oral toxicity effects of the aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of Lonchocarpus eriocalyx (Harms.). Heliyon, 7(5), e07145.