RP-Department of Recreation Management & Exercise Science

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5407

Browse

Browsing RP-Department of Recreation Management & Exercise Science by Subject "Adiposity"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE): design and methods
    (BioMed Central, 2013) Katzmarzyk, P.T.; Barreira, T.V.; Broyles, S.T.; Champagne, C.M.; Chaput, J-P.; Fogelholm, M.; Hu, G.; Johnson, W.D.; Kuriyan, R.; Kurpad, A.; Lambert, E.V.; Church, T.S.; Zhao, P.; Maher, C.; Onywera, V.O.
    BACKGROUND: The primary aim of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) was to determine the relationships between lifestyle behaviours and obesity in a multi-national study of children, and to investigate the influence of higher-order characteristics such as behavioural settings, and the physical, social and policy environments, on the observed relationships within and between countries. METHODS/DESIGN: The targeted sample included 6000 10-year old children from 12 countries in five major geographic regions of the world (Europe, Africa, the Americas, South-East Asia, and the Western Pacific). The protocol included procedures to collect data at the individual level (lifestyle, diet and physical activity questionnaires, accelerometry), family and neighborhood level (parental questionnaires), and the school environment (school administrator questionnaire and school audit tool). A standard study protocol was developed for implementation in all regions of the world. A rigorous system of training and certification of study personnel was developed and implemented, including web-based training modules and regional in-person training meetings. DISCUSSION: The results of this study will provide a robust examination of the correlates of adiposity and obesity in children, focusing on both sides of the energy balance equation. The results will also provide important new information that will inform the development of lifestyle, environmental, and policy interventions to address and prevent childhood obesity that may be culturally adapted for implementation around the world. ISCOLE represents a multi-national collaboration among all world regions, and represents a global effort to increase research understanding, capacity and infrastructure in childhood obesity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Mid-upper arm circumference as a screening tool for identifying children with obesity: a 12-country study
    (Wiley, 2016) Chaput, J-P.; Katzmarzyk, P.T.; Barnes, J.D.; Fogelholm, M.; Hu, G.; Kuriyan, R.; Kurpad, A.; Lambert, E.V.; Maher, C.; Maia, J.; Matsudo, V.; Olds, T.; Onywera, V.; Sarmiento, O.L.; Standage, M.; Tudor-Locke, C.; Zhao, P.; Tremblay, M.S.
    Background: No studies have examined if mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) can be an alternative screening tool for obesity in an international sample of children differing widely in levels of human development. Objective: Our aim is to determine whether MUAC could be used to identify obesity in children from 12 countries in five major geographic regions of the world. Methods: This observational, multinational cross-sectional study included 7337 children aged 9–11 years. Anthropometric measurements were objectively assessed, and obesity was defined according to the World Health Organization reference data. Results: In the total sample, MUAC was strongly correlated with adiposity indicators in both boys and girls (r>0.86, p<0.001). The accuracy level of MUAC for identifying obesity was high in both sexes and across study sites (overall area under the curve of 0.97, sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 90%). The MUAC cut-off value to identify obesity was ~25 cm for both boys and girls. In country-specific analyses, the cut-off value to identify obesity ranged from 23.2cm (boys in South Africa) to 26.2cm (girls in the UK). Conclusions: Results from this 12-country study suggest that MUAC is a simple and accurate measurement that may be used to identify obesity in children aged 9–11 years. MUAC may be a promising screening tool for obesity in resourcelimited settings