Browsing by Author "Bosh, Alinoor Moulid"

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    Kenya's Role in Promoting Peace and State (Re) building in Somalia
    (Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies (JAIS), 2024-07) Bosh, Alinoor Moulid; Ichani, Xavier
    Kenya had an intricate role in promoting peace and state (re) building efforts in Somalia. Kenya's intervention was driven by a combination of regional stability concerns and the need to address the spillover effects of insecurity and terrorism. The analysis explored Kenya's contributions through military intervention as part of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), diplomatic efforts aimed at fostering a Somali-led peace process, and the provision of humanitarian assistance. There were acknowledgements on the achievements of Kenya's intervention, including territorial gains against al-Shabaab and the creation of space for the Somali Federal Government to establish its authority. However, there were challenges associated with Kenya's military presence, including accusations of human rights abuses and potential destabilization of local communities. The study delved into the importance of diplomacy and political engagement in fostering sustainable peace. Kenya's role in hosting peace talks and advocating for inclusivity was highlighted. The analysis explored the crucial role of humanitarian assistance in addressing immediate needs while simultaneously strengthening local governance structures and promoting state legitimacy. Drawing on insights from existing literature on the effectiveness of military intervention, diplomacy, and humanitarian assistance in state (re) building, the study emphasized on the need for a nuanced approach. The study employed a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys alongside descriptive research. Data collection included surveys, interviews, document analysis, and observation of diplomatic meetings, military operations, and peace negotiations. The target population included representatives from various stakeholder groups in Kenya and Somalia (n=291). The study found that Kenya played an intricate role in Somalia's state (re)building efforts. This included diplomatic initiatives, military engagement through AMISOM, humanitarian aid provision, and economic cooperation. Kenya's diplomatic efforts facilitated dialogue and political solutions. Military intervention addressed security challenges and created space for reconstruction. Humanitarian aid alleviated suffering and bolstered resilience. Economic cooperation projects fostered regional integration and development. The study concludes that Kenya's contributions were significant but highlights the need for long-term solutions. It recommends a focus on political reconciliation, economic development, and transparency in economic cooperation alongside continued security measures. By implementing these recommendations, Kenya can further strengthen its positive contributions to lasting peace and stability in Somalia. Key Words: Kenya, Somalia, Diplomacy, Governance, Intervention, Security, Stability & State (Re) building
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    Kenya’s Interest in State (Re)Building of Somalia (2002-2021)
    (Kenyatta University, 2024-11) Bosh, Alinoor Moulid
    This study examined Kenya's role in promoting peace and supporting state-building in Somalia between 2002 and 2021, a period characterized by Kenya's significant diplomatic, military and economic engagement in Somalia. The specific objectives this stsudy were to analyze Kenya's contributions to peace in Somalia, examine its underlying interests in the peace process, to assess the impact of Kenya's military intervention on Somalia's state-building, and to analyse the challenges Kenya faces in rebuilding the state of Somalia. This study is based on realism and constructivism theories. This study used a descriptive survey research design with a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data was collected through surveys, while qualitative insights were gained from interviews and case studies. The study area included Somalia and Kenya and targeted a diverse group of diplomats, representatives of international organizations, local communities, civil society organizations, regional leaders and representatives of the business sector. A purposive sampling method yielded 291 participants. Data collection methods included questionnaires, interviews, observations and document analysis with rigorous pre-testing of instruments to ensure validity and reliability. The results revealed a complex picture of Kenya's involvement in Somalia. Kenya's security contributions through its role in the African Union Mission in Somalia helped stabilize the region, while its diplomatic efforts facilitated political dialogue and solutions. Economic initiatives to promote cross-border development further underlined Kenya’s commitment in state rebuilding. Despite these contributions, the study found varying public perceptions of Kenya's role, highlighting a mix of support and skepticism. Challenges to Kenya's state-building efforts included limited access to accurate data, reliance on classified information, and skepticism about the reliability of official reports. The study concluded that Kenya's involvement significantly influenced Somalia's state-building by providing stability, promoting economic development and promoting regional cooperation. However, the research also highlighted the complexity of external interventions and the need to address the underlying socio-political dynamics for sustainable peace. The findings offer valuable lessons for future state-building initiatives in the Horn of Africa and have implications for policy and academic discourse on regional conflict resolution and intergovernmental relations.