Kenya’s Interest in State (Re)Building of Somalia (2002-2021)
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Date
2024-11
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Kenyatta University
Abstract
This study examined Kenya's role in promoting peace and supporting state-building in Somalia between 2002 and 2021, a period characterized by Kenya's significant diplomatic, military and economic engagement in Somalia. The specific objectives this stsudy were to analyze Kenya's contributions to peace in Somalia, examine its underlying interests in the peace process, to assess the impact of Kenya's military intervention on Somalia's state-building, and to analyse the challenges Kenya faces in rebuilding the state of Somalia. This study is based on realism and constructivism theories. This study used a descriptive survey research design with a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data was collected through surveys, while qualitative insights were gained from interviews and case studies. The study area included Somalia and Kenya and targeted a diverse group of diplomats, representatives of international organizations, local communities, civil society organizations, regional leaders and representatives of the business sector. A purposive sampling method yielded 291 participants. Data collection methods included questionnaires, interviews, observations and document analysis with rigorous pre-testing of instruments to ensure validity and reliability. The results revealed a complex picture of Kenya's involvement in Somalia. Kenya's security contributions through its role in the African Union Mission in Somalia helped stabilize the region, while its diplomatic efforts facilitated political dialogue and solutions. Economic initiatives to promote cross-border development further underlined Kenya’s commitment in state rebuilding. Despite these contributions, the study found varying public perceptions of Kenya's role, highlighting a mix of support and skepticism. Challenges to Kenya's state-building efforts included limited access to accurate data, reliance on classified information, and skepticism about the reliability of official reports. The study concluded that Kenya's involvement significantly influenced Somalia's state-building by providing stability, promoting economic development and promoting regional cooperation. However, the research also highlighted the complexity of external interventions and the need to address the underlying socio-political dynamics for sustainable peace. The findings offer valuable lessons for future state-building initiatives in the Horn of Africa and have implications for policy and academic discourse on regional conflict resolution and intergovernmental relations.
Description
A Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Arts in International Relations and Diplomacy in the School of Law, Arts and Social Sciences of Kenyatta University, November 2024.
Supervisor
Xavier Ichani