RP-Department of Public Policy and Administration

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Effect of Devolution on the Performance of Human Resource Function in Health Sector in Kenya: The Case of Garissa County
(IJCAB Publishing Group, 2019) Arale, Hassan Abdullahi; Kiruthu, Felix
The declaration of a new constitution of Kenya on 31st August 2010 successfully made two levels of government; the national and county governments. Establishment of health services is one of the tasks that were devolved to the county. Devolution of health functions was meant to enhance access to more-fair and top-notch health services to the Kenyan citizens. This study sought to analyze the effect of devolution on human resource performance in healthcare sector in Kenya with special focus on Garissa County. The study specific objectives included to; examine how devolution has affected recruitment of health care staff in Garissa County; to analyze how devolution has affected training of health care staff in Garissa County. The study was guided by new public management theory. The study employed a descriptive research design to examine the effect of devolution on human resource performance in healthcare sector in Kenya. The target population was the healthcare workers with management portfolios and the sample population was 184 respondents which were arrived at using stratified sampling method. Both primary and secondary data were accessed. A questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Descriptive proportions of the respondents and their cadres were derived. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically, while quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings were presented using tables and charts. The study found out that devolution has affected human resource performance in healthcare sector in Garissa County. The study established that lack of proper methods of recruitment of health care staff; lack of training of health care staff and application of ineffective methods of procurement of medical facilities hindered the performance of health care staff in the County. The study drew conclusion that the major effect of devolution on human resource performance in healthcare sector in Kenya; a case of Garissa County includes; recruitment of health care staff; training of health care staff and procurement of medical facilities. The study recommended that the County government should employ effective employee recruitment methods by hiring staff with technical expertise in health services delivery; the County government should also allocate and efficiently distribute enough financial resources to fund the recruitment exercise; the recruited staff should be better remunerated in order to improve their level of motivation and job satisfaction. The study further recommended that the County government should implement an effective and continuous employee training and development programmes on health care services delivery in the County. The County government should source and hire qualified doctors; employ enough and qualified nurses; hire enough and qualified support staff and give emphasis on hiring very experienced medical staff as lead trainers on health care services delivery in the County. The County government should adhere to all public procurement regulations in Kenya like public procurement and disposal act. The procurement methods should ensure that there is availability of medical facilities; there is a sufficient medical facility and there is high reliability of procured medical facilities in all regions in the County.
Effect of Public Participation on Local Legislation in Banadir Region, Somalia
(IJCAB Publishing Group, 2019) Mohamed, Abdikadir Dubow; Kiruthu, Felix
Public participation plays an important role in the democratization of countries globally. The accomplishment of public participation process is determined by how well it is organized. This study sought to examine the effects of public participation on local legislation in Banadir region of Somalia. The study was guided by the following objectives, to investigate factors that led to public participation, examine the design of public participation mechanism; investigate the process of public participation and analyze the consequences of public participation. The research will employ a descriptive research design. The study population comprised all the stakeholders including the youth, elders, staff employed by the regional government, the clergy, politicians and the non-governmental organizations involved in public participation in Banadir region. Purposive sampling was done to come up with the sample size of the study. Regarding the variance among the target population, where a number of target population involved, the sample size of this study was 130 respondents. Eighty (80) of the respondents were community members including local politicians, clergies, traders, university lecturers, university students, farmers, chiefs and opinion leaders. Twenty (20) of the participants were management staff and heads of national civil labor departments. Thirty (30) respondents were also from the Local community elders who are engaged in public participation programs in Banadir Region. Both secondary and primary data was accessed for the study. Primary data was collected from the identified stakeholders using the questionnaires, while secondary data was obtained from books and journals from Kenyatta University Post Modern Library. The study used two theories: New public management theory and Cornwall’s Theory of Participation that describe the relevance of public participation public development. Data processing and cleaning was done; the descriptive statistics was utilized quantitative data. Statistical tables and graphs was present the result. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. The study found out that the citizen’s attitude has an impact on public participation. When citizens have a positive attitude towards the local legislation services, there are high chances they will participate. The study also found out that public participation design and process have an influence on local legislation. Therefore, the study recommends that the government and other stakeholders should come up with various ways of ensuring that all citizens are informed about public participation. The study also recommended that public participation design and process should be improved with the aim of improving public participation.
Effects of Devolution on Maternal Health Care: The Case of Level Four Hospitals in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(IJCAB Publishing Group, 2019) Bulinda, Hudson Shilibwa; Kiruthu, Felix
Maternal healthcare is an integral part of the Millennium development goals. However, most developing countries have been experimenting with different types of interventions to increase access and utilization of maternal care services. Health care devolution was greeted with great anticipation in Kenya as a means of bringing services closer to the people. However, since the implementation of the recent devolution reforms, criticism has mounted, with evidence of corruption, poor management, late payment of county staff and considerable disaffection among service providers, especially health professionals. Thus, this study assessed the effects of devolution on maternal health care in Nairobi City County in Kenya. Particularly, the study examined the situation of maternal healthcare before and after devolution and how devolution as affected provision of maternal healthcare in Nairobi City County. The study also assessed how devolution affected maternal health care programs implementation and the challenges facing the devolved maternal health care in Nairobi City County. The study adopted the systems approach and the decentralization theorem. This study employed a descriptive research design and the population of the study was made up of the 4 level four hospitals in Nairobi County and all the 189 selected medical health workers in the hospitals. A sample of 57 respondents was selected through simple random sampling. Additionally, the study used questionnaires and an interviews guide to collect data. The questionnaires were administered to the sampled medical workers and the interviews schedules were administered to the key informants who comprised of the medical superintendent from every hospital. Quantitative data was collected through the use of the questionnaires was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study found that the status of maternal healthcare infrastructure under devolution of health services in Nairobi was good. The findings also established that most health workers preferred that the national government should manage maternal health care infrastructure as opposed to county governments. The study further revealed that county governments had not instituted and implemented effective maternal healthcare programs formulated by the national government. Finally, the study concludes the major challenges influencing the implementation of maternal healthcare services include attitude and perception of health professionals, resistance of devolution by health workers, strikes by health workers, shortage of healthcare workers corruption and tribalism, increased pressure on hospital equipment and infrastructure and stock outs of essential commodities in the facilities affect devolved maternal health care. The study recommended that both the county and national government should work together and combine their efforts to enhance the devolved systems of healthcare so that they can enhance maternal healthcare.
Effects of Labour Disputes on Quality of Education in Public Secondary Schools in Mvita Constituency, Mombasa County , Kenya
(IJCAB Publishing Group, 2019) Ngotho, Irene Ruguru; Mange, Daniel; Kiruthu, Felix
Education has always been an important asset and is regarded as a key human development index; as a result various states and governments globally spend a large share of their budget on education sector as part of their strategy to achieve the Millennium Development Goals of education for all. Access to schools has improved rapidly throughout the developing world since 1990, but learning outcomes have lagged behind. Despite the fact that it is desirable to avoid a trade off between quantity and quality, poorly managed education systems and constant la bour disputes have undermined improvement in learning outcomes. The study sought to establish the effects of labour disputes on quality of education in public secondary schools. The objectives of the study are to; examine the causes of labour disputes betw een Teachers Service Commission and Teachers Union, to investigate the nature of conflicts between TSC and KNUT/KUPPET, to analyse the effect of labour disputes on academic Performance in public secondary schools within Mvita Constituency. The study employ ed the Bargaining Theory and Conflict Theory. D escriptive research design was used; study population is made up of 10,320 and a sample of 942 Students, Parents, Teachers, TSC and KNUT/KUPPET officials obtained by use of stratified sampling to cater for eac h classification of respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, and interview schedules. Descriptive statistics were analysed by use of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations with the help of SPSS programme. On the other hand, inferential statistics are in form of both Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression with the help of Correlation models. The study found that: there are conflicting interests between Teachers Service Commission and Teachers Unions. Major causes of these conflicts are salaries, poor working environment, low motivation for teachers, mishandling of teachers grievances and promotions; disputes affect school performances because at such times teachers stay away from schools and students stay at home. This leads to poor coverage of the syllabus, when schools open the workload is so high that teachers cannot cover everything forcing students to sit for examination without learning some subjects; disputes in schools take various forms such as strik es, confrontations on teacher’s rights, picketing and go slows. When a solution is not found through collective agreement, teacher’s desert schools which end up closed until the disputes are resolved. Lastly conflicts, disruption of school hours and strike s moderately affect the quality of education. The relationship observed is positively strong although statistically insignificant.
Globalization and Conflict in Central Kenya: The Case of Nyeri County, 1980-2010
(IISTE, 2014) Kiruthu, Felix; Mbataru, Patrick
While conflicts are common in Africa, contextualizing them against the backdrop of globalization calls for new research. This paper focuses on the source of conflict in a rapidly urbanizing rural region in Kenya. Specifically, it looks at globalization and conflict in central Kenya. It links the conflict in the county of Nyeri to the emergence of Mungiki vigilantes and armed militias by arguing that economic decline occasioned by collapse of cash crop and dairy farming contributed to the intensification of conflict. The paper found out that there is a close relationship between neoliberal economic policies and origins of conflict in central Kenya. The study was based on content analysis of documents and oral interviews. Oral interviewees were identified through snowballing techniques. The paper recommends that for the government of Kenya to tackle the issue of conflict, focus must be given to economic growth. Unemployment particularly among the youth must be tackled urgently
Intergovernmental Relations and the Financial Resource Allocation for the Healthcare Sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(EANSO, 2024-10) Mutie, Hellen Mwende; Kiruthu, Felix
Since the beginning of devolution of health sector in Kenya in 2013, there have been several concerns regarding heath care service delivery ineffectiveness, which have been attributed to strained ties between the national and county governments. There have been issues with service delivery and medical supply shortages in Nairobi City County's healthcare sector. This study sought to investigate how intergovernmental interactions have affected healthcare in in Nairobi City County. Specifically, the study examined how intergovernmental relations affect the financial allocation for the sector. The study was anchored on resource-based theory. A descriptive research design was employed involving a census for all the 7 administrators working at level 4 and level 5 health facilities in Nairobi City County as well as 78 employees working in the health department of Nairobi City County Government, constituted the sample population. Descriptive analysis was done using the standard deviation and the mean while inferential analysis was done using regression, F-test and ANOVA. The analyzed data was provided as frequency tables, percentages, and charts. Before the data collection, respondents were asked to provide informed consent, and anonymity and secrecy were assured to boost the response rate. The most critical relationship was between intergovernmental relations and financial resource allocation for the healthcare sector in Nairobi City County accounting to 39.4%. The findings suggested that in order to guarantee that financial resources are allocated appropriately, the national and the county government should work to enhance intergovernmental ties. This also helps in ensuring timely release of financial resources to health facilities by the national government. The study recommends that the financial allocation for healthcare should be enhanced so as to improve service delivery. There is also need to enhance own source revenue for the City County so as supplement the shareable revenue from the national government, which collectively will increase the finances available for utilisation in the healthcare sector.
Music as a Strategy of Youth Resilience in Dadaab Refugee Camp Kenya
(IISTE, 2014) Kiruthu, Felix
The Dadaab Refugee Camp is located in Garissa County in North Eastern Kenya. It comprises five separate camps for refugees, most of whom are Somali, although it is also home to other refugees mostly from the horn of African, including Ethiopia and Sudan. Given the difficult life in the refugee camp, residents lead a difficult life, but have devised ways of entertainment and expression of their fears, hopes and daily struggles through music. This study analyses the forms of music adopted by the youth in Dadaab. The themes in the music are interrogated as well as the crucial role this music plays in the context of the refugee situation
The Role of Windle Trust Kenya in Promotion of Education in Dadaab Camp, Kenya
(Msingi Journal, 2020) Kiruthu, Felix
Education not only empowers individuals to live a better quality life, it also makes an enormous contribution to the development of a society. It is, however, very challenging to provide quality education to communities afflicted by conflict, particularly refugees. The study examined the role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the provision of education in conflicted societies. Specifically, the study analysed the role played by Windle Trust-Kenya in the provision of education among the refugees’ communities in Dadaab refugee Camps in Kenya. The study interrogated not only the strategies used by the Organization to promote education among the refugees, but also the challenges encountered in the provision of education in the specific refugee camps in Dadaab. The study employed a descriptive research design in order to probe into the efforts of the Organization towards supporting refugee education. Programme managers who have worked for Windle Trust Kenya, teachers employed by the Organization in Dadaab and academics who have served in Dadaab Refugee camp were interviewed using an interview schedule. Document analysis was also conducted from the different humanitarian organizations operating in Dadaab and from Kenyatta University Post Modern Library. These included journals, theses and text books. The research established that Windle Trust-Kenya has supported not only secondary and primary education in Dadaab but also tertiary education, through collaboration with different universities. Girls were found to be experiencing more challenges in pursuing education due to gender based violence and cultural beliefs among most of the refugees. Conclusively, the study established that education to refugees benefit both refugees and the host community as refugees who excel in education also give back to the host community

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