Schooling Hidden Costs: The Correlation between Home-Based Costs and Students’ Transition Rate in Rwanda
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Date
2020
Authors
Kiruru, Ndiritu John
Mogaka, Magoma Charles
Jean Pierre, Mugiraneza
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Publishing Group
Abstract
Implementation of Fee-Free Schooling Policy is Rwanda’s strategy to ensure equity and
access to basic education. However, since the implementation of this policy, thousands
of students have failed to participate in basic education hence exposing the Rwanda
Educational System to wastage and failure to achieve the Universal Basic Education. The
failure to enhance full participation of learners in education is attributed to several factors
among them the home-based costs. This paper, therefore, discusses the impact of homebased
costs on students’ transition rate in tiers of 12 years education in Rwanda. It uses
data collected from parents and headteachers to correlate home-based costs incurred by
parents with students’ transition rate in tiers of basic education in Rwanda. Findings from
a multi-regression analysis revealed that the costs of school uniform, school material,
home-coaching and transport could be highly correlated with students transition rate in
tiers of 12YBE, particularly in O’ level. It is therefore recommended that basic education
stakeholders should understand that the realistic fee-free structure put in place by the
Government of Rwanda must go together with a sustainable programme of students’
financial assistance.
Description
A research article published in European Journal of Education Studies
Keywords
Rwanda, fee-free schooling, home-based costs, hidden costs, O level, A level, P level, 12YBE
Citation
Kiruru, N. J., Magoma, C. M., & Mugiraneza, J. P. (2020). SCHOOLING HIDDEN COSTS: THE CORRELATION BETWEEN HOME-BASED COSTS AND STUDENTS’TRANSITION RATE IN RWANDA. European Journal of Education Studies.