Adoption of E-Visa Regime and Its Effects on Processing of Travelers at Malaba and Busia Border Posts, Kenya.
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Date
2023
Authors
Gamoing, Robert Kipngeno
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kenyatta University
Abstract
The e-visa regime is a relatively new phenomenon globally, and little evidence exists that
demonstrate its effectiveness on processing of travelers at border points. The purpose of
this project therefore is to study the effects of e-visa regime, particularly the application
requirements, means of payment, clearance time and adoption of technology on processing
of travelers. The study was guided predominantly by the Technology Adoption Model, and
complemented by Theory of Planned Behavior and Diffusion of Innovation Theory. Two
of the busiest border posts in Kenya were randomly selected, these are, Busia and Malaba
along the Kenya-Uganda border. The target population comprised 700 inbound travelers at
the Busia and 100 outbound travelers at the Malaba border post. It also comprised 50
immigration officers on the Kenyan side of the border. Hence the target population is 850
respondents. A sample size of 170 was then derived from the target population; this is 20%
of the target population. Data was collected mainly by use of semi-structured
questionnaires among the travellers, and interview schedules among the immigration
officers. A pilot study was conducted at the Namanga border post to determine the validity
and reliability of the data collection tool, and improve on gaps identified. The data was
analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Regression analysis was used to
determine the relationship between the adoption of e-visa regime and processing of
travellers. Quantitative data is presented using frequency tables, percentages, bar graphs
and pie charts while thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data where data was
coded into themes for interpretation and analysis. In order to address ethical considerations,
letters of authorization to undertake this research was sought from Kenyatta University, the
National Council for Science Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI), as well as from the
relevant National and County government authorities in Busia County. The researcher
sought informed consent, while observing objectivity, confidentiality and anonymity
Description
A Research Project Submitted to the School of Law, Arts and Social Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Arts in Public Policy and Administration of Kenyatta University, April 2023
Keywords
Adoption of E-Visa Regime, E-Visa, Effects on Processing of Travelers, Travellers, Malaba, Busia, Malaba and Busia Border Posts, Border Posts, Kenya