Wealth and Sedentary Time Are Associated With Dietary Patterns among Preadolescents in Nairobi City, Kenya
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Date
2023
Authors
Kanerva, Noora
Wachira, Lucy Joy
Uusi-Ranta, Noora
Anono, Esther L
Walsh, Hanna M
Erkkola, Maijaliisa
Ochola, Sophie
Swindell, Nils
Salmela, Jatta
Veps€Al€Ainen, Henna
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed to compare dietary patterns in preadolescents in urban areas with different
physical activity and socioeconomic profiles in Nairobi, Kenya.
Design: Cross-sectional.
Participants: Preadolescents aged 9−14 years (n = 149) living in low- or middle-income areas in Nairobi.
Variables Measured: Sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a validated questionnaire.
Weight and height were measured. Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and physical
activity by accelerometer.
Analysis: Dietary patterns (DP) were formed through principal component analysis. Associations of age,
sex, parental education, wealth, body mass index, physical activity, and sedentary time with DPs were analyzed
with linear regression.
Results: Three DPs explained 36% of the total variance in food consumption: (1) snacks, fast food, and
meat; (2) dairy products and plant protein; and (3) vegetables and refined grains. Higher wealth was associated
with higher scores of the first DP (P < 0.05).
Conclusions and Implications: Consumption of foods often deemed unhealthy (eg, snacks and fast food)
was more frequent among preadolescents whose families were wealthier. Interventions that seek ways to
promote healthy lifestyles among families residing in urban areas of Kenya are warranted
Description
Article
Keywords
dietary patterns, body mass index, physical activity, sedentary time, preadolescents (J Nutr Educ Behav. 2023;000:1−9.)
Citation
Kanerva, N., Wachira, L. J., Uusi-Ranta, N., Anono, E. L., Walsh, H. M., Erkkola, M., ... & Fogelholm, M. (2023). Wealth and Sedentary Time Are Associated With Dietary Patterns Among Preadolescents in Nairobi City, Kenya. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.