Changes in Water Quality Parameters along Thika River Sub-Catchment, Upper Tana, Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorOdero, Joanes Ooko
dc.contributor.authorMakokha, George Lukoye
dc.contributor.authorMati, Bancy
dc.contributor.authorOkoth, Nathan Oduor
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-15T07:17:55Z
dc.date.available2023-09-15T07:17:55Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.descriptionArticleen_US
dc.description.abstractSurface water pollution is a challenge due to effluent discharge from land-based factors like agro-based sectors, settlements, and poor sanitation. The research investigated the spatial and seasonal variation of physico-chemical and biological water quality due to land use changes along the Thika River sub-catchment, Upper Tana, Kenya. The study applied purposive sampling technique from the different zones within the catchment during the dry and wet season of 2021. The samples were tested for physico-chemical and microbial contaminants. R-studio was used to calculate the mean values and t-test performed at a 95% confidence interval to determine variation of the parameters in the two seasons and mean levels compared to the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) 2010 and the World Health Organization (WHO) acceptable quality for drinking water. There was significant variation in sulphate and nitrate concentration, total coliform and fecal coliform and no significant variations in physical parameters throughout the seasons. The total coliform and fecal coliform exceeded KEBS and WHO limits.en_US
dc.identifier.citationOdero, J. O., Makokha, G. L., Mati, B., & Okoth, N. O. (2023). Changes in water quality parameters along Thika river sub-catchment, Upper Tana, Kenya. Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://arww.razi.ac.ir/article_2703_5fb8eeb0ddc8064c5afb10d00eabf001.pdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/26963
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJARWWen_US
dc.subjectSeasonal and spatial variationen_US
dc.subjectQuality parametersen_US
dc.subjectThika river catchmenten_US
dc.subjectUpper Tanaen_US
dc.subjectKenya Bureau of Standardsen_US
dc.titleChanges in Water Quality Parameters along Thika River Sub-Catchment, Upper Tana, Kenyaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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