Antimicrobial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Maytemus putterlickoides, Senna spectabilis and Olinia usambarensis on Selected Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria
Loading...
Date
2016
Authors
Mugweru, F.G.
Nyamai, D.W.
Arika, W.M.
Ngugi, M.P.
Gathumbi, P.K.
Njagi, E.N.M.
Ngeranwa, J.J.N.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
OMICS International
Abstract
Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under the age of five years in the
developing world. Opportunistic bacteria have been identified as the major cause of diarrhea in HIV infected
patients. Treatment of these emerging and re-emerging strains of diarrhea causing bacteria has become difficult due
to their increased tolerant to the present available antibiotics. There is need to identify and develop alternative
drugs, which are effective, affordable and easily accessible to diarrhea patients. However, there is no record in the
literature of the antibacterial activity of these plants. The objective of this study was to enhance understanding of the
efficacy of ethno-medical materials in the management of diarrhea. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by
determination of Minimum Inhibition Concentration and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of the plant extracts
against the diarrhea causing bacterial. Phytochemical screening for bioactive compounds was undertaken using
standard qualitative methods. Maytenus putterlickoides (roots) and Senna spectabilis (leaves) were active against
Salmonela typhi, Shigella flexineriae and Shigella Dysenteriae with zone of inhibition ranging 9.2-15.8 mm. Olinia
usambarensis (leaves) had antimicrobial activity against several bacterial isolates with zone of inhibition ranging
9-15 mm. Alkaloids, tannins, anthrocyanins, triterpenes and steroids, saponins, flavanoids, coumarins and reducing
sugars were present in the three plant extracts. These phytochemicals account for the antibacterial activity of the
extracts against the bacterial strains.
Description
Research Article
Keywords
Citation
J Bacteriol Parasitol 2016, 7:2