Hybrid Working Arrangement and Employee Performance in African Development Bank in Nairobi City County, Kenya.
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Date
2025-09
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Kenyatta University
Abstract
In light of the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic and the current state of the global economy, hybrid working arrangements that combine in-person and remote work are becoming increasingly common. Employees play a crucial role in the operations of organizations, including the banking industry and the African Development Bank in Kenya, just like they do in any other sector. This research aimed to explore the impact of hybrid working arrangements on the performance of employees at the African Development Bank in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Specifically, investigated how flexible work schedules, job sharing, the use of information communication technology, and the working environment influence employee performance at the African Development Bank in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study was based on four theories and one model, namely the Technology Acceptance Model, Social Exchange Theory, Personal Environment Fit Theory, and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory. Descriptive research design was employed in this study. 337 staff members from important divisions of the African Development Bank in Nairobi, Kenya, made up the target population. To ensure unbiased participant selection, simple random sampling was used, and stratified sampling was utilized to group respondents according to their departments. A total of 101 individuals, representing 30% of the target population, constituted the sample size. Quantitative data were generated through the administration of structured questionnaires employing a five-point Likert scale. To evaluate the research instruments, a preliminary study was carried out with 10 participants, which corresponds to 10% of the overall sample. The questionnaire's reliability was determined through the utilization of the Cronbach Alpha formula, while the validity of the instruments was assessed based on input from supervisors, content analysis, and construct examination. Analysis of the data involved the application of descriptive statistics. Furthermore, to explore the connections between the variables, regression and correlation analyses were performed. The analysis of quantitative data employed both inferential and descriptive statistics, facilitated by the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings indicated a notable positive effect of job sharing, the adoption of information and communication technology, flexible work arrangements, and the work environment on organizational performance. The study concluded that the implementation of job sharing arrangements enhances employee satisfaction, work-life balance and also contributes to improved productivity and collaboration among staff members. ICT adoption streamlines processes, improves service delivery, enhances customer engagement and fosters innovation within banking operations. Adaptable plans for getting work done empowers representatives to fit their work hours to accommodate their own responsibilities which is bound to encounter decreased feelings of anxiety and more prominent generally speaking prosperity. A work environment that encourages teamwork and collaboration can lead to improved problem-solving and innovation. The study recommends that promoting a culture of flexibility and shared responsibilities, the African Development Bank can potentially enhance its operational efficiency and employee morale, ultimately leading to better service delivery and achievement of its developmental goals in the region. In order to accommodate cutting-edge technologies like cloud computing, big data analytics, and cybersecurity measures, the bank ought to upgrade its existing IT infrastructure. Employees may experience reduced commuting time, resulting in increased focus and productivity. As a result, the bank should establish clear guidelines and expectations for remote work, including communication protocols and performance metrics. The bank should implement ergonomic furniture and equipment to reduce physical strain and enhance comfort which may lead to increased productivity and reduced absenteeism due to health issues.
Description
Research Project Submitted to the School of Business in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirement of Degree of Master of Business Administration (Human Resource Management Option) of Kenyatta University, September, 2024
Supervisors:
1.Felistus H. Makhamara