Prevalence and Patterns of Cervical Cytological Lesions among HIV-Positive Women in Machakos County Hospital Kenya
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Date
2021
Authors
Mutuku, Onesmus Muia
Mathenge, Scholastica Gatwiri
Njoroge, Wachuka Gathigia
Karuga, Titus Kamau
Kyama, Cleophas Mutinda
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Research Journal of Oncology
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer remains to be a major threat to health among women globally with
highest incidences in the developing countries. Studies have showed that HIV-positive women are at
higher risk of HPV infection which is the causative agent of cervical cancer. The aim of this study
was to determine the prevalence of cervical cytological lesions among HIV infected women in
Machakos county hospital Kenya.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Machakos County Hospital Comprehensive Care Centre and
Machakos Cancer Care and Research Centre, between August 2020 and December 2020.
Methodology: A total of 400 women who were HIV-positive and attending the comprehensive care
center at the facility were enrolled in this study. Cytological samples obtained using a cytobrush
were processed using manual liquid based cytology technique. All smears were stained using the
Papanicolaou staining method and examined microscopically for cervical cytological lesions. Chisquare test was performed to evaluate the association between cervical cytological lesions and the
demographic variables.
Results: A total of 400 participants were enrolled in this study. 15 had unsatisfactory smears and
thus excluded from analysis. The prevalence of cervical cytological lesions in this study was 30 out
of 385 (7.8%). Of the cervical cytological lesions observed, Atypical Squamous Cells of
Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) had the highest number of cases 9 (30%) while Atypical
Squamous Cells cannot exclude High grade (ASC-H) had the least number of cases 2 (6.6%). Of all
the demographic variables studied, none was found to have any statistical significant association
with cervical cytological lesions.
Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical cytological lesions among HIV-positive women in this study
was 7.8%. There was no statistical significance association between any of the demographic
variables studied and cervical cytological lesions.
Description
Article
Keywords
Pap Smear, Cervical Cytological Lesions, HIV-positive Women
Citation
Muia, M. O. M., Mathenge, S. G., Njoroge, W. G., Karuga, T. K., & Mutinda, K. C. (2021). Prevalence and Patterns of Cervical Cytological Lesions among HIV-Positive Women in Machakos County Hospital Kenya. International Research Journal of Oncology, 4(1), 28-35.