Metagenomic Analysis of Plant Viruses Associated With Papaya Ringspot Disease in Carica papaya L. in Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorMumo, Naomi Nzilani
dc.contributor.authorMamati, George Edward
dc.contributor.authorAteka, Elijah Miinda
dc.contributor.authorRimberia, Fredah K.
dc.contributor.authorAsudi, George Ochieng’
dc.contributor.authorBoykin, Laura M.
dc.contributor.authorMachuka, Eunice M.
dc.contributor.authorNjuguna, Joyce Njoki
dc.contributor.authorPelle, Roger
dc.contributor.authorStomeo, Francesca
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-25T06:26:52Z
dc.date.available2023-07-25T06:26:52Z
dc.date.issued2020-03
dc.descriptionarticleen_US
dc.description.abstractCarica papaya L. is an important fruit crop grown by small- and large-scale farmers in Kenya for local and export markets. However, its production is constrained by papaya ringspot disease (PRSD). The disease is believed to be caused by papaya ringspot virus (PRSV). Previous attempts to detect PRSV in papaya plants showing PRSD symptoms, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedures with primers specific to PRSV, have not yielded conclusive results. Therefore, the nature of viruses responsible for PRSD was elucidated in papaya leaves collected from 22 counties through Illumina MiSeq next-generation sequencing (NGS) and validated by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Viruses were detected in 38 out of the 48 leaf samples sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of four viruses: a Potyvirus named Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV) and three viruses belonging to the genus Carlavirus. The Carlaviruses include cowpea mild mottle virus (CpMMV) and two putative Carlaviruses—closely related but distinct from cucumber vein-clearing virus (CuVCV) with amino acid and nucleotide sequence identities of 75.7–78.1 and 63.6–67.6%, respectively, in the coat protein genes. In reference to typical symptoms observed in the infected plants, the two putative Carlaviruses were named papaya mottle-associated virus (PaMV) and papaya mild mottle-associated virus (PaMMV). Surprisingly, and in contrast to previous studies conducted in other parts of world, PRSV was not detected. The majority of the viruses were detected as single viral infections, while a few were found to be infecting alongside another virus (for example, MWMV and PaMV). Furthermore, the NGS and RT-PCR analysis identified MWMV as being strongly associated with ringspot symptoms in infected papaya fruits. This study has provided the first complete genome sequences of these viruses isolated from papaya in Kenya, together with primers for their detection—thus proving to be an important step towards the design of long-term, sustainable disease management strategies.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMumo NN, Mamati GE, Ateka EM, Rimberia FK, Asudi GO, Boykin LM, Machuka EM, Njuguna JN, Pelle R and Stomeo F (2020) Metagenomic Analysis of Plant Viruses Associated With Papaya Ringspot Disease in Carica papaya L. in Kenya. Front. Microbiol. 11:205. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00205en_US
dc.identifier.otherdoi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00205
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/26381
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers in Microbiologyen_US
dc.subjectpapayaen_US
dc.subjectnext-generation sequencingen_US
dc.subjectCarlavirusen_US
dc.subjectPotyvirusen_US
dc.subjectringspot diseaseen_US
dc.subjectdiagnostic primersen_US
dc.titleMetagenomic Analysis of Plant Viruses Associated With Papaya Ringspot Disease in Carica papaya L. in Kenyaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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