Nitrogen fertilization coupled with foliar application of iron and molybdenum improves shade tolerance of soybean under maize-soybean intercropping

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dc.contributor.authorNasar, Jamal
dc.contributor.authorWang, Gui Yang
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Feng Jue
dc.contributor.authorGitari, Harun
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Xun Bo
dc.contributor.authorTabl, Karim M.
dc.contributor.authorHasan, Mohamed E.
dc.contributor.authorAli, Habib
dc.contributor.authorWaqas, Muhammad Mohsin
dc.contributor.authorAli, Izhar
dc.contributor.authorJahan, Mohammad Shah
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-14T07:54:05Z
dc.date.available2022-10-14T07:54:05Z
dc.date.issued2022-10
dc.descriptionA research paper in Frontiers in plant scienceen_US
dc.description.abstractMaize-soybean intercropping is practiced worldwide because of some of the anticipated advantages such as high crop yield and better utilization of resources (i.e., water, light, nutrients and land). However, the shade of the maize crop has a detrimental effect on the growth and yield of soybean under the maize-soybean intercropping system. Hence, this experiment was conducted to improve the shade tolerance of such soybean crops with optimal nitrogen (N) fertilization combined with foliar application of iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo). The treatments comprised five (5) maize-soybean intercropping practices: without fertilizer application (F0), with N fertilizer application (F1), with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe (F2), with N fertilizer coupled with foliar application of Mo (F3) and with N fertilizer combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo (F4). The findings of this study showed that maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment had significantly (p< 0.05) increased growth indices such as leaf area (cm2), plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), stem strength (g pot-1), and internode length (cm) and yield indices (i.e., No of pods plant-1, grain yield (g plant-1), 100-grain weight (g), and biomass dry matter (g plant-1)) of the soybean crop. Moreover, intercropping under F4 treatment enhanced the chlorophyll SPAD values by 26% and photosynthetic activities such as Pn by 30%, gs by 28%, and Tr by 28% of the soybean crops, but reduced its CO2 by 11%. Furthermore, maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment showed improved efficiency of leaf chlorophyll florescence parameters of soybean crops such as Fv/Fm (26%), qp (17%), ϕPSII (20%), and ETR (17%), but reduced NPQ (12%). In addition, the rubisco activity and soluble protein content of the soybean crop increased by 18% in maize-soybean intercropping under F4 treatment. Thus, this suggested that intercropping under optimal N fertilization combined with foliar application of Fe and Mo can improve the shade tolerance of soybean crops by regulating their chlorophyll content, photosynthetic activities, and the associated enzymes, thereby enhancing their yield and yield traits.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (2019GXNSFAA185028). Guangxi University, Nanning, for providing the experimental station and laboratory facility. We are also thankful to Prof. Dr. XBZ for his technical and advisory support throughout the study. The authors also like to thanks the Alexandria and University of Sadat for their technical support. We are also thankful to the Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and technology, Pakistan and Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh for their moral support.en_US
dc.identifier.citationNasar J, Wang GY, Zhou FJ, Gitari H, Zhou XB, Tabl KM, Hasan ME, Ali H, Waqas MM, Ali I and Jahan MS (2022) Nitrogen fertilization coupled with foliar application of iron and molybdenum improves shade tolerance of soybean under maizesoybean intercropping. Front. Plant Sci. 13:1014640. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1014640en_US
dc.identifier.otherDOI 10.3389/fpls.2022.1014640
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/24330
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherFrontiersen_US
dc.subjectabiotic stressen_US
dc.subjectshade toleranceen_US
dc.subjectintercroppingen_US
dc.subjectphotosynthetic efficienciesen_US
dc.subjectenzymesen_US
dc.subjectgrowthen_US
dc.subjectyielden_US
dc.titleNitrogen fertilization coupled with foliar application of iron and molybdenum improves shade tolerance of soybean under maize-soybean intercroppingen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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