In Vivo Cognitive-Enhancing, Ex Vivo Malondialdehyde- Lowering Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.)

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dc.contributor.authorGervason, Apiri Moriasi
dc.contributor.authorIreri, Anthony Muriithi
dc.contributor.authorNgugi, Mathew Piero
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-11T09:41:55Z
dc.date.available2020-08-11T09:41:55Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionA research article published in International Journal of Alzheimer’s Diseaseen_US
dc.description.abstractCognitive impairment (CI) is among the leading causes of disability in humans. It is estimated that over 35.6 million people are suffering from Alzheimer’s disease- (AD-) associated cognitive deficits globally with these statistics projected to rise over 115.4 million by the year 2050. There is no specific etiology for this cognitive impairment; however, various contributing factors including advancing age (>60 years old), oxidative stress, cerebral injuries, infections, neurologic disorders, and cancer have been implicated. Despite various attempts to manage CI, no curative medicines are yet available. The current drugs used to manage symptoms of AD-associated CI including Donepezil and Rivastigmine among others are only palliative rather than therapeutic. Furthermore, these agents have been associated with undesirable side effects. This calls for alternative and complementary approaches aimed at either preventing or reverting AD-related CI in a curative way without causing adverse events. It is estimated that over 80% of the world’s population utilize herbal medicines for basic healthcare as it is considered safe, affordable, and easily accessible as opposed to conventional healthcare. Various parts of P. thonningii are used in traditional medicine to manage various conditions including CI. However, empirical and scientific data to validate these uses is lacking. In this study, the Morris water maze (MWM) experiment was adopted to evaluate the cognitive-enhancing effects of the studied plant extracts. The malondialdehyde (MDA) profiles in the brains of experimental mice were determined using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) test. Moreover, qualitative phytochemical profiling of the studied plant extracts was performed using standard procedures. The results showed remarkable cognitive-enhancing activities which were reflected in significantly shorter transfer latencies, navigation distances, longer time spent in platform quadrant, and lower MDA levels compared with those recorded for the negative control mice (p < 0:05). Phytochemical screening of the studied plant extracts revealed the presence of antioxidant phytocompounds, which may have played key roles in the extracts’ potency. Based on the findings herein, P. thonningii extracts, especially the aqueous ones have a promising potential for the management of ADassociated CI. Further studies aimed at isolating and characterizing specific active compounds for CI from P. thonningii are recommended. Additionally, specific mode(s) of action of active principles should be elucidated. Moreover, toxicity studies should be done on the studied plant extracts to ascertain their safety.en_US
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. Vol 2020en_US
dc.identifier.issn2090-0252
dc.identifier.otherArticle ID 1367075
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1367075
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/20228
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherHindawien_US
dc.subjectIn Vivo Cognitive-Enhancingen_US
dc.subjectMethanolic Stem Barken_US
dc.subjectPiliostigma thonningii (Schum.)en_US
dc.titleIn Vivo Cognitive-Enhancing, Ex Vivo Malondialdehyde- Lowering Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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