Effects of different arm kinematics on performance in long distance running
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Date
2012-09-24
Authors
Mwangi, Francis M.
Wanderi, P. M.
Wamukoya, Edwin K.
Onywera, V.O.
Rintaugu, E.G.
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Abstract
Arm action should be efficient as it generates various components of running mechanics. While
many authors recommend that the arms should be moved with elbows held at about 90 degrees,
some distance running athletes have used different arms movements with varying degree of
success and failure during competitions. The study investigated how different arm kinematics
affected cardio-respiratory parameters and stride patterns during the steady phase of long
distance running. Mean values of working heart rate (WHR), estimated percentage of maximum
oxygen consumption (%VO2 max), ventilation rate (VR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE)
were used to estimate energy cost of running with different arm actions. Ten elite Kenyan
distance running athletes were tested in ten submaximal treadmill trial runs, each trial performed
with different arm action for 15 minutes at a speed corresponding to individual’s 80% running
effort. Repeated Measures ANOVA indicated significant difference in WHR, %VO2 max, RPE,
and stride rate (SR) at p < .05. Medium effect size was observed; Omega Squared (ω2) = .20.
Arm action consisting of about ±20 degrees oscillation of the hands around 90 degrees angle at
the elbow is more efficient than running with arms held at 90 degrees angle at the elbows.
Description
International Journal of Current Research