RP-Department of Business Administration

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Exploring Strategic Leadership as a Determinant of Organizational Performance in Tier III Commercial Banks within Nairobi City County, Kenya
(OAPUB, 2025) Kamau, Andrew Gathirwa; Wambua, Peter Philip
This paper examines strategic leadership facets with regard to their influence on organizational performance among tier III commercial banks in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The operational effectiveness and productivity of financial institutions have been molded by evolving leadership patterns and ongoing modifications within their functional environment. It is notable that strategic leadership is the engine through which organizations are developed and sustained through proper implementation of welldefined strategies. However, the extent to which these leadership facets contribute to the overall organizational performance of tier III commercial banks is inadequately explored, especially within the Nairobi City County. Hence, this study was undertaken to fill the void. The study was supported by McKinsey 7s model and Situational Leadership Theory, employing a descriptive research design to examine the underlying relationships between the two variables. The study targeted all 22 tier III commercial banks in Nairobi County, from whom quantitative data were collected. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. Key among the findings indicated that different facets of strategic leadership affected organizational performance positively with evidence of beta value of (β1) of 0.282. This illustrated statistically significant influence of the banks’ strategic leadership on their organizational performance.
Understanding Strategic Management Practices as a construct that enhances Performance of Selected Coffee Cooperatives in Kenya
(International Journal of Education and Research, 2025-12) Otieno, Susan Achieng; Muthimi, Janet
Coffee remains to be among the major agricultural commodities in the world that has led to employment, trade, rural development, and foreign earnings. Coffee cooperative unions in Kenya play a fundamental role in ensuring social cohesion and making the sector competitive. Nonetheless, issues like inefficiencies in production, low value addition, poor governance and imbalances in the world market still restrict their performance. This paper has analyzed how the stakeholder engagement, strategic leadership and strategic planning influence the organizational performance of coffee cooperative unions in Kenya. The study was based on the theories of Balanced Scorecard, Stakeholder, Competitive Advantage, and Resource-Based View, and it took a descriptive design and a stratified sample of 138 board and senior management of 13 cooperatives. The structured questionnaires were used to collect data that were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis, including regression analysis. The results indicated that stakeholder engagement (0.312, p < 0.01), strategic leadership (0.284, p < 0.05), and strategic planning (0.341, p < 0.01) were positively and significantly associated with organizational performance and explained 62.7 per cent of the difference (R 2 = 0.627). Strategic planning was the most influential element, and this supports the fact that it helps in matching objectives, maximizing resources and improving efficiency in decision making. The study suggests that participatory planning systems should be institutionalized, inclusive governance, capacity building of leadership, and supportive policies must be developed in order to develop competence of management and responsiveness to change. Such strategies can help increase the sustainability, competitiveness and socio-economic level of coffee cooperative unions in Kenya.
Effect of Acquisition Strategies on Performance of Selected Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(Kenyatta University, 2025-09-26) Mwilu Hamida A.; Njuguna, Reuben
This study assessed the influence of acquisition strategies on performance of selected Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study target population was 41 licensed SACCOs in Nairobi County. The study used primary data to collect information, and the data collection instrument was a questionnaire which was given to the 41 operations managers in the 41 selected SACCOs. The data collection procedure was done by the researcher and drop-and-pick strategy was applied. The data was coded and keyed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 23.0), and was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics was through mean scores, standard deviations, frequencies and percentages, while the inferential statistics was through regression analysis to establish the relationship between strategic leadership and customer growth. The findings were presented in tables and charts for easy understanding, interpreting, and describing the data. The study established that acquisition strategies had a positive and significant effect on the performance of SACCOs in Nairobi City County. The study concluded that the SACCOs significantly employed market expansion strategies through new distribution channels. It was concluded that the selected SACCOs in Nairobi City County had employed acquisition as a corporate growth strategy. The study recommends that the SACCOs should embrace integrate technology in the implementation of corporate growth strategies to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Further studies should be undertaken to establish the effect of corporate growth strategies on the performance of other SACCOs in other regions to establish the disparities or similarities among the financial sector players
Strategic Leadership and Service Delivery at Konza Technopolis Development Authority, Kenya
(Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing, 2026-01) Cheronoh, Lynneth; Wainaina, Lawrence
Konza Technopolis Development Authority in Kenya has experienced challenges in service delivery, notably delay in provision of services and slow response to customer complaints. While strategic leadership has received attention in literature, its role in service delivery of the firm, especially in the context of Konza Technopolis Development Authority has remained unexplored. Thus, the general objective of this study wasto establish how service delivery at KoTDA may be influenced by its strategic leadership. In specific terms, strategic directionandethical practices were explored in relation to service delivery at Konza Technopolis Development Authority, Kenya. The Service Quality model, contingency theory, strategic leadership theory and human capital theory anchored the study variables. Descriptive survey design was adopted targeting employees working at Konza Technopolis Development Authority and investors (customers) adding to 255 respondents. From these, 156 respondents were sampled in strategic and random terms. Questionnaires gathered participants'insights. Pilot study was done using 6% of the sample size by respondents from Konza Technopolis Development Authority to validate and determine reliability of the instrument. SPSS guided quantitative analysis to be descriptively and inferentially conducted and content analysis for qualitative statistics. The study established that strategic direction (M=3.78, β=.362, p=.000<0.05)andethical practices (M=3.69, β=.306, p=.018<0.05) were all practiced at Konza Technopolis Development Authority and they significantly predicted its service delivery. The study concluded that strategic leadership is a significant predictor of service delivery. It was recommended that senior managers working at Konza Technopolis Development Authority, Kenya should constantly review the vision and mission statements in response to the changes in the environment in order to influence service delivery. All employees working at the Konza Technopolis Development Authority, Kenya should be trained and guided on integrity and transparency issues through regular seminars and workshops.
Cultural Factors as Drivers of Women Leadership in Elective Positions in Nyamira County
(Kenyatta University, 2025-05) Ongeri, Thomas; Njoroge, Jane
Despite constitutional and institutional frameworks aimed at promoting gender equality in Kenya, women’s representation in elective political positions remains critically low, especially at the county level. The under representation of women in elective leadership is a global challenge to the realization of gender equality and inclusive governance. This study investigates the drivers of women’s leadership in elective positions in Nyamira County. The specific objective include the influence of cultural on women’s pursuit and attainment of elective offices. Anchored in Patriarchy and Feminist Theories, the study employed a descriptive survey design targeting 384 registered voters across the county’s four constituencies. The study used structured questionnaires and interview schedules to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for quantitative analysis, while qualitative responses were examined thematically. The findings reveal that entrenched patriarchal norms, traditional gender roles, cultural taboos and exclusionary political party structures continue to suppress women’s leadership ambitions. The study concluded that entrenched cultural resistance to female candidacy, financial inequities in campaign mobilization and political party biases significantly perpetuate systemic discrimination against women in leadership engagement. The report suggests that political parties, the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC), and the Kenyan Parliamentcounty governments, and gender advocacy organizations prioritize the implementation of gender-responsive policies and legal reforms. The study also recommends deliberate policy enforcement, targeted civic education, gender-sensitive electoral reforms and the institutionalization of quota systems
The Learning-Productivity Link: Evidence from Continuous Professional Development Initiatives
(International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 2025-10) Were, Bosco Andrew; Muli, V. Jedidah
Continuous Professional Development (CPD) initiatives are increasingly adopted by Organizations to enhance employee skills and organizational outcomes. This paper examined the relationship between CPD and employee productivity within the Kenya Development Corporation (KDC), using a descriptive census of 110 respondents drawn from a 120-person population. Data were collected with a structured five-point Likert questionnaire, piloted for validity and reliability, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression techniques. The findings showcased that CPD had a strong positive correlation with productivity and, together with other Human Resources Development (HRD) programs, explained a substantial proportion of productivity variance in KDC. The results further indicated that employees who frequently participated in CPD programs exhibited improved task efficiency, innovation capability, and service quality. Moreover, the regression results underscored CPD as one of the most influential predictors among the HRD variables assessed. The study recommends institutionalizing CPD, aligning it with structured career pathways, enhancing access to accredited training opportunities, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation frameworks to sustain long-term productivity gains and organizational competitiveness.
Internal Control Systems and Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Laikipia County – Kenya
(IJARKE Business & Management Journal, 2024-10-24) Ogaro, Peter Ondieki; Mungai, John
Most microfinance institutions have pulled out of the industry altogether because of how much money has been lost in Kenya's microfinance sector. Return on equity has grown negatively due to low profitability and losses. From the 2015–2016 fiscal years to the 2022–2023 fiscal years, client deposits declined. After rising in December 2016, the capital base was hit hard by the growth of nonperforming loans. As a result, liquidity levels will fall in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. This research set out to address that question by analyzing microfinance institutions in Laikipia County, Kenya, with an eye on their internal control mechanisms and their impact on their efficiency. The goals of the research were to analyze the financial performance of microfinance institutions in Laikipia County, Kenya, and how the control environment affected that performance. The research was based on systems theory. Questionnaires and a descriptive research approach were used to collect primary data. Five MFIs operating in Laikipia County were the focus of the research: KWFT, Faulu Ltd., Asa Ltd., SMEP, and PAWDEP Ltd. A total of 289 individuals were surveyed, with 168 chosen at random from the pool of potential respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to examine the quantitative data. Data was shown quantitatively using graphs, tables, and frequency tables. Based on the findings, MFIs' control chains are ineffective because of their lack of progress in corporate structure. On the other hand, all of the company's core functions are regulated by established policies and procedures. The results showed that the staff performed well in carrying out the financial management tasks, with the periodic accounts reconciliation being the only stumbling block. To aid in the assessment, reduction, and tracking of risks, the MFIs have devised individualized approaches to risk management. The research found that MFIs' financial performance in Laikipia County, Kenya, was positively and significantly impacted by control environment. The study suggested that microfinance institutions (MFIs) broaden the scope of their control measures to include both the degree of compliance and the control activities involved in authorizing transactions
International Quality Standard 9001: 2015 and Sustainability of ISO Certified Deposit Taking Saccos in Nairobi City County, Kenya
(International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2024-11) Orwa, Ohon; Ragui, Mary
ISO 9001 is an international standard which set out the steps necessary to adopt a quality management system. Sustainability, on the other hand, refers to the ability to maintain existing practices without risking the potential value of existing resources and in the process, enhancing value proposition. This study sought to establish how the ISO 9001: 2015 quality management systems standard supports the sustainability of SACCO operations in Kenya. The specific variables include customer focus, leadership, continuous improvement, and process approach. The study was conducted across registered SACCOs in Nairobi. The study was anchored by the corporate social responsibility theory and stakeholder theory. The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population of the study was drawn from the 57 ISO certified deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi County registered with SASRA with the Chief Operations Manager selected as the unit of observation. The research relied on structured questionnaires to collect survey data from the respondents. Collected research data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS 26. From the analysis, the findings pointed to a significant positive impact of ISO 9001: 2015 adoption and the sustainability of registered deposit taking saccos. Conclusions revealed that while process approach and leadership had a positive and significant effect on the sustainability of the SACCOs, customer focus and continuous improvement had insignificant effects. The findings of this research contribute to the body of literature on how ISO 9005:2015 practices impact the sustainability of financial sector firms, and from the findings, the study recommends that the registered DTS ensure they pursue ISO certifications as this would demonstrate to their members that they are committed to guaranteeing. The study further recommends that SACCO managements embrace member focus and a process approach in the design and introduction of new innovations that would enhance customer satisfaction. The study also recommends that SACCO managements procure modern computer software systems that can enhance the range of services offered, and continuously evaluate their processes and services to ensure they can continually meet customer expectations.
Cost Leadership Strategy as a Driver and Performance of Unilever Kenya Limited in Nairobi City County Kenya
(Strategic Journals, 2025-04) Too, Caroline Chepkorir; Makhamara, Hilda Felistus
Unilever Kenya Limited has recently reported poor financial results, raising concerns among investors and stakeholders. The company's performance has been characterized by several key challenges that have contributed to its subpar results. Consequently, this research aimed to examine the influence of cost leadership strategy on the performance of Unilever Kenya Limited in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study was guided by: human capital theory, generic Porter’s strategy model. This research employed a descriptive research design. The subject of analysis was Unilever Kenya Limited. The study focused on 125 employees from different departments within Unilever Kenya as the units of observation. This study adopted a census technique where every individual was incorporated. The pilot test was done at the Kericho tea Company in its offices, which falls under the tea sector. Piloting consisted of 12 respondents. The study adopted the following validity testing methods including construct, content and face validity testing. This study used internal consistency method to check and ensure the questionnaire is fit using Cronbach Alpha test. The analysis incorporated descriptive statistics like frequency counts, percentages, means, and standard deviations, along with inferential statistics employing Pearson correlation to investigate connections between study objectives. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the direction and intensity of these relationships. The study revealed that cost leadership strategy, had a positive significant relationship with the performance of Unilever Kenya Limited in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study concludes that Unilever offer competitive prices by prioritizing cost efficiency, attracting a wider customer base in a price-sensitive market leading to increased sales volume and a larger market share, essential for growth in a competitive landscape.
Physical Health and Social Wellbeing Programs and Performance of West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma County, Kenya
(The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2025-04-11) Wabende, Jane; Makhamara Felistus
The West Kenya Sugar Company, a significant player in the sugar sector in Kenya has been encountering a variety of difficulties that have contributed to its subpar performance. The company is burdened with significant debt, which limits its ability to invest in necessary upgrades and expansions. Ineffective management strategies and lack of clear operational guidelines have resulted in misallocation of resources and reduced productivity. In this regard, this research aimed to examine the effect of employee wellness initiatives on organizational performance at West Kenya Sugar Company located in Bungoma County, Kenya. Specific aims were to look at how physical health and social wellbeing, affect performance at West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma County, Kenya. The research was directed by resourcebased theory and social support theory. A descriptive research approach was utilized in the study. Target population of 53 employees was used. A method of census was employed. A semi-structured survey was employed in the research to gather primary data. Five respondents from Mumias Sugar Company participated in pilot study. To ensure the questionnaire's validity, the research employed construct validity, criterion validity, and content validity. A Cronbach's alpha correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Qualitative and quantitative data were gotten. Descriptive statistics focusing on central tendency measures like mean and standard deviation were utilized to analyze quantitative data, while thematic analysis was employed to explore qualitative data. Inferential statistics included correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Tables and figures were utilized to display the findings. The research demonstrated that physical health, mental health, social wellbeing, and work-life balance positively and significantly impacted the organizational performance of West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study concludes that physical health is a significant determinant of employee performance because healthy employees are generally more energetic, focused, and capable of performing their tasks efficiently. Social wellbeing encourages open communication among team members, leading to better collaboration and the sharing of ideas. The study recommends that the organization ought to establish thorough physical and social initiatives that encompass fitness classes, health assessments, nutrition seminars. The organization ought to promote a climate where employees are comfortable sharing their ideas and worries. The organization should establish mentorship systems where employees can support each other, share experiences, and build relationships
Resource Mobilization and Coordination Influence on Organizational Performance: The Case of the Kalobeyei Integrated Social and Economic Development Program (KISEDP) in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya
(International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2025-05) Wachira, Anthony Gachiri; Njuguna, Reuben Kinyuru
This study examined the influence of resource mobilization and coordination on the organizational performance of the Kalobeyei Integrated Social and Economic Development Program (KISEDP) in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya. Given the complex humanitarian setting, the research sought to establish the extent to which financial resource acquisition, budget management, stakeholder coordination, and resource allocation strategies impact service delivery and sustainability. A research design integrating both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques was employed. A sample of 120 respondents, comprising government representatives, implementing partners, and community leaders, was surveyed using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. The study found that resource mobilization significantly influences KISEDP's performance, with a standardized coefficient of 0.312, indicating a strong positive correlation. Furthermore, coordination mechanisms among stakeholders, including inter-agency collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and community participation, enhance program effectiveness. The regression model confirms that resource mobilization and coordination collectively explain 61.3 percent of the variance in organizational performance. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, development agencies, and humanitarian organizations on optimizing resource mobilization and coordination strategies.
Debt Collection, Strategic Alliance as Business Strategic Initiatives and Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence in Kenya
(British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 2025-06) Migwi, Mary Waithira; Kipkorir, Chris Simon Sitienei
Kenya largely depends on import pharmaceuticals for its healthcare needs with imported medicines accounting for 70% total market valuation in Kenya. Success and profitability of import pharmaceutical companies is therefore important for the sustainability of Kenyan health sector and well-being of its citizens. Import pharmaceutical companies face challenges in organizational performance which include Profit, market share, customer retention and inventory turnover. The objective was to establish the effect of debt collection initiative and strategic alliances initiative on organizational performance of import pharmaceutical companies in Kenya. Balanced Scorecard model was used to anchor organizational performance. Descriptive research design was utilized. The taget population under study was 6356 key employees in 125 registered import pharmaceutical companies. Data was collected using open and closed ended questionnaire from 376 employees selected using stratified random sampling. The pilot study involved 38 respondents from the target population. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha and the computed coefficient was 0.808. Content validity was determined using content validity index. (CVI) of 0.8. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that debt collection and strategic alliance initiatives had a meaningful positive correlation with organizational performance of import pharmaceutical companies in Kenya, with strategic alliance initiatives showing the strongest relationship (r = 0.790, p < 0.001). Debt collection initiatives also had a strong correlation (r = 0.748, p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that strategic alliances and debt collection initiatives had significant effect on organizational performance. In conclusion debt collection processes should be strengthened through proactive monitoring and digital payment. Organizations should strengthen strategic alliances with suppliers, healthcare institutions, and regulators in order to enhance market expansion and compliance. Research ethics was upheld throughout the study. Findings are relevant to policy makers, industry stakeholders and in designing procedures and guidelines that aid the success and resilience of the import pharmaceutical sector, ultimately benefiting the health industry in Kenya. The research findings lay a foundation for future studies aimed at identifying and implementing effective business strategic initiatives tailored to the needs of import pharmaceutical companies.
Work Environment and Service Delivery by National Police Officers in Nairobi City County Kenya
(JAIS, 2025-04) Ileny, Wilson Nasike; Ndegwa, Priscilla
The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of workplace conditions on police service delivery in Nairobi City County, Kenya, in response to a noted decline in assurance, tangibility, reliability, empathy, and responsiveness. The contention of the study is that quality of police service delivery in Nairobi City County, Kenya, has been deteriorating, particularly in critical aspects such as assurance, tangibility, reliability, empathy, and responsiveness. Focusing on physical work environment and work place flexibility, the research applied theories such as Person–Environment Fit (PEF), Conservation of Resources (CoR), and SERVQUAL model, among others. A descriptive design was used, targeting 6,416 officers, with a sample of 377 selected through stratified and random sampling. Data collection involved a semi-structured survey with both qualitative and quantitative elements. Validity and reliability were ensured through a pilot study, expert review, and Cronbach’s Alpha. Analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics, with qualitative responses analysed narratively. The findings showed that improved infrastructure and flexible work arrangements significantly enhanced service delivery. Recommendations emphasize workplace reforms to boost police morale, performance, and public service quality.
Effect of E-Learning Tools on Student Academic Performance in Kenyatta University City Campus
(International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 2024-11) Cheruiyot, Gilbert; Tumuti, Joshua
Higher learning institutions have adopted e-learning systems in an attempt to make learning more accessible in a cost effective manner to large population of learners across the globe and to improve students’ performance. E-learning involves the delivery of information through information systems. There has been a problem in student performance as there have been reports of low performance among e-learning students in some universities. Various measures have been implemented to ensure that success of e-learning in universities such as improved students’ academic performance. Therefore, this study sought to find out the effect of e-learning tools on student academic performance in Kenyatta University City Campus. The study established that e-learning tools, elearning programs, learning management system and e-library platforms all had positive and significant influence to academic performance of students. From the descriptive analysis, the study respondents strongly agreed that adoption of electronic learning systems contributed to improved academic performance outcomes. Regression analysis established that the changes in student academic performance in terms of high test scores was largely due to adoption and utilization of electronic learning systems at the Kenyatta University. The study therefore concluded that electronic learning systems influence student academic performance. The study also recommend to the universities to adopt digital learning systems and to the government to support and develop policies that push for adoption of e-learning systems in universities. When seeking high academic performance in students, the learning institutions should adopt e-learning systems.
Strategic Drivers and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Juba, South Sudan
(The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2025-05) Yay, Nop Nyaruot Kur; Kiiru, David
The research key objective was to ascertain the extent to which these strategic drivers influence the performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan. The specific objectives were, to ascertain the impact of product innovation, to evaluate the influence of information technology, to assess the influence of human capital and to assess the influence of financial resources on the performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan The research utilized a descriptive design methodology. Diffusion of innovation, technology acceptance, human capital, and the resourcebased view offered profound insights into the dynamics of technological adoption and organizational strategy. The approach employed was descriptive research. The study focused on a target group of 15,000 SMEs. The primary data was gathered via questionnaires. The integrity and consistency of the data collection instrument was assured. Descriptive statistics was utilized with the assistance of the SPSS. Inferential statistics was employed to elucidate the connection between variables. The qualitative data collected through the open-ended questions was subjected to content analysis for thorough examination. The study found that product innovation, information technology, human capital and financial resources influence the performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan. The study concluded that strategic drivers had a favorable and statistically considerable effect on the performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan. Strategic drivers significantly influenced the performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan. The study concluded that a unit increase in strategic drivers will lead to an increase in performance of SMEs in Juba, South Sudan. The study recommends that Firms should embrace change to improve product design, market share, and capacity. They should use cutting-edge tools and methods to boost corporate efficiency. Businesses should frequently adjust their advertising strategy to increase profitability and improve external interactions to increase market share. Business operations should use management information systems. This improves service delivery efficiency and lowers costs. Management information systems can also speed up service delivery. To reduce turnover, firms should pay well. They should staff enough for the workload. Employees should be knowledgeable and have good communication abilities. Organizational staff should be problem-solvers and decision-makers. Firms should have enough external money for annual operations and share sales. Firms should always have funds for various activities. Firms need enough money to buy physical assets and pay employees.
Mixed Methods Research Design Explained
(Cari Journals, 2025-05) Mulili, Benjamin Mwanzia; Maina, Samuel Mwangi; Kinyuru, Reuben Njuguna
Purpose: This paper examined how research paradigms determine, among many other things, the types of data collected and the methods used to collect and analyze the data. The key differences and similarities between qualitative and quantitative approaches were identified, before explaining why and how mixed methods research is conducted. Methodology: The paper reviewed extant literature touching on qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research designs. Findings: The paper highlighted the conditions that favor the use of the mixed methods research design. In addition, the advantages associated with mixed methods research design were emphasized in the paper. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The paper pointed the need to consider a researcher’s paradigm, ontology, epistemology, axiology, methodology, and methods when deciding the research design to adopt. The authors recommended greater adoption of the mixed methods research design among academicians and practitioners, especially when the research issues are multifaceted, broad, and complex
Promotion of a Sports Culture in Kenya
(Cari Journals, 2025-04) Mulili, Benjamin Mwanzia; Mwangi, Samuel Maina; Kinyuru, Reuben Njuguna
Purpose: This paper reviewed conceptual literature related to the promotion of a sports culture in Kenya. The paper highlighted the benefits associated with engaging in physical exercises and it emphasized the role of health-promoting sports clubs as suitable avenues for undertaking organized physical activities. Methodology: The paper was based on extensive review of extant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical literature related to promotion mix elements, health-promoting sports clubs, and adoption of a physical activities culture. Findings: The paper found limited use of the promotion mix elements of advertising, personal selling, sales promotions, public relations, and direct marketing in the promotion of a sports culture among academic staff of chartered public universities in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The paper points out areas that need to be addressed by policy makers and practitioners in order to improve membership to health promoting sports clubs, and to encourage more people to adopt a physical activities culture.
Work Environment Strategies and Employee Job Performance in Jubilee Insurance Company in Nairobi City County Kenya
(Strategic Journals, 2025-03) Adhiambo, Beatrice Okech; Makhamara Hilda
Challenges faced by underperforming employees in the insurance industry in Kenya might encompass a saturated market, intense sales goals, restricted opportunities for career growth, and inadequate backing from leadership. Furthermore, individuals with low productivity levels could encounter difficulties in grasping and conforming to evolving legal obligations and adherence standards, along with upholding a favorable and polished reputation within the sector. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the effects of work environment strategies on employee job performance in Jubilee Insurance Company in Nairobi City County Kenya. The study was guided by expectancy theory, equity theory and reinforcement theory. Descriptive research design was employed in this study. The unit of analysis was Jubilee Insurance Company and the unit of observation was 96 employees from comprising of 10 HR managers and 86 other staff. A census of 96 respondents was conducted. Data was gathered through the use of a semi-questionnaire. To test the dependability of research tools, questionnaires were tested on 9 respondents from Madison Insurance Company in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Content validity and face validity was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. Chronbach alpha test was used to test reliability of the questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Furthermore, inferential statistics like correlation and regression analysis was employed to investigate the connection between variables and the extent of their influence on each other. The study results were displayed through tables and figures. The work environment, training and development, incentives and performance management were found to have a positive significant influence on the employee job performance in Jubilee Insurance Company in Nairobi City County Kenya. The study concludes that a positive workplace fosters high morale among employees, leading to increased job satisfaction and encourages teamwork and collaboration, which can lead to improved service delivery. It also recommended that the company should invest in ergonomic furniture and equipment to reduce physical strain and discomfort on employees
Roadmap For Quality Management Practices To Foster Performance In Dairy Firms In Kenya-Opportunities And Challenges
(IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 2025-06) Togom, Zephaniah; Muathe, Stephen
Background: Performance of selected dairy firms in Uasin Gishu Count, Kenya has been declining despite the existence of management teams in the organizations. However, there is lack of knowledge about animal productivity and poor capital are recognized to be among the main challenges that the smallholders need to cope with. This is attributed to limited access to feeds and poor hygienic practices that affect animal health. The purpose of the study was to ascertain effects of QM practices on the performance of the selected dairy farmers in the County government of Uasin Gishu. The research was grounded on three specific objectives: to determine role of continuous improvement and performance of selected dairy firms in County of Uasin Gishu, to assess customer focus influence on performance of selected dairy firms in County of Uasin Gishu, and to evaluate effect of top management commitment on the performance of selected dairy firms in Uasin Gishu County. The study was anchored by Resource Based View theory, Quality Improvement Hypothesis and Dynamic Capabilities Hypothesis. Materials and Methods: The investigation used descriptive design and targeted 134 respondents from five selected dairy firms in Uasin Gishu County. The investigation used Simple random sampling in selecting 103 participants because it effectively draws smaller sample from a larger population to make inferences about the broader group. Primary data was were collected using questionnaires administered to individuals in Uasin Gishu County, based on five-point Likert scale. SPSS tool was used in data analysis, with results presented using charts, tables, frequency distributions, means, and percentage. Results: The investigation found that the coefficient for Continuous Improvement was 1.130, indicating for oneunit increase in continuous improvement, performance increased by 1.130 units, holding all other variables constant. The coefficient for customer Focus was 0.456, suggesting unit increase in customer focus was associated with 0.456 unit increase in performance, holding other variables constant. Additionally, the coefficient for Top Management was 0.960, indicating that unit increase in the top management commitment resulted in 0.960 unit increase in performance, holding all other variables constant. Conclusion: Customer focus, continuous improvement, and top management commitment all contribute positively to performance of dairy firms in Uasin Gishu County,Kenya.
Mentorship and Internship in Training of Employees for Performance in Public Junior Secondary Schools in Kenya
(European Centre for Research Training and Development-UK, 2025-04) Ogamba, Collins Orina; Kipkorir, Chris Simon Sitienei
Junior secondary schools’ employees’ pedagogical knowledge is limited due to restrained application of disciplinary competence, psycho-pedagogical competence, physical competence and methodical competence which affect their performance, hence the need for constant training. The researchers established the effect of mentorship and internship on employee performance in public junior secondary schools in Trans Nzoia East Sub County, Kenya. The study was anchored on Balanced Score Card Model. Descriptive research design was used and the target population was 423 Teachers service commission employees who comprised 417 junior secondary schools’ employees, five curriculum support officers and teachers service commission Sub County Director. To arrive at a sample of 204, Yamane formula was used. There were six teachers service commission officers hence a census was used. Stratified & simple random sampling method was utilized in choosing research participants. The researcher gathered primary data by structured questionnaire thereby producing quantitative data & qualitative data. Pilot study using 19 employees and two teachers’ service commission officers was done in Trans Nzoia West Sub County to determine validity of research instrument. Internal consistency method was adopted in determining reliability using Cronbach Alpha method. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with the aid of statistical package of social sciences. Descriptive statistics included the use of mean & standard deviation while inferential statistics utilized correlation analysis & multi regression analysis. The quantitative data results were shown in tables while the qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study findings indicated that mentorship and internship had significant effect on employee performance in public

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