In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity against Haemonchus Contortus of Methanolic Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants from Meru County, Kenya
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Date
2023-05
Authors
Mawira, Kelvin
Ngeranwa, Joseph J. N.
Mwonjoria, John
Nginyi, Joseph
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AJ
Abstract
Helminthiasis causes losses in livestock production, and anthelminthics are used to treat helmintic
infections. Resistance has necessitated the need for development of more effective alternatives. Plants
offer a promising alternative and, in Meru County, traditional plant-based treatments for helminthiasis
have been used, although there is a lack of scientific proof of their efficacy. The aim of this study was
to investigate efficacy of Bridelia micrantha, Aframomum zambesiacum, Hagenia abyssinica, Rubus
apetalus, Thespecia garckeana, Physalis peruviana and Caesalpina volkensii against Haemonchus
contortus. It entailed screening of methanolic extracts of these plants against H. contortus, from sheep
farms in Muguga Kenya. Their efficacy was tested in-vitro using eggs and larvae of H. contortus. Egg
hatchability was determined after 48-h incubation with extracts while larvae survival was determined
after six days incubation. Physiological saline was the negative control while albendazole was the
positive control. One-way ANOVA was conducted followed by Tukey’s test. P. peruviana and R.
apetalus, inhibition percentages of 95.24±0.54, 90.00±1.00, 88.24±0.66 and 96.55±0.45, 85.71±0.79,
82.14±0.76 at 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/ml respectively was achieved with no significant difference (P<0.05) in
egg hatchability with the positive control. The highest larvicidal mean percentage of 100.00±0.00 was
achieved by R. apetalus and H. abyssinica across the three dosages with no significant difference
between them and albendazole. GC-MS analysis revealed compounds such as terpenoids were
conspicuously present which accounted for some of the activity. This observation lenders support to
the traditional use of the plant extracts for the treatment of suspected helminthic infections.
Description
Article
Keywords
Haemonchus contortus, anthelmintic, essential oil, monoterpenoids, terpenes
Citation
Mawira, K., Ngeranwa, J. J., Mwonjoria, J., & Nginyi, J. (2023). In vitro anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus of methanolic extracts of selected medicinal plants from Meru County, Kenya.