The factors associated with prevalence of parasites causing intestinal infection among primary school children in Bondo District, Kenya.

Abstract

A cross-sectional study design was undertaking in four randomly selected public primary schools within Usigu and Maranda Division, Bondo District to determine factors associated with the prevalence of intestinal parasites among public primary school children. A structure questionnaire was used as a tool for the data collection to establish the knowledge and practices on personal hygiene, establish food handling and consumption habits and to assess latrine availability and utilization. Stool specimens were collected, processed using formal-other concentration method and examined to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 59% with Entamoeba histolytica being the most prevalent intestinal parasite 44.6% and it was more common at Maranda division (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 2.83 - 5.74) while Schistosoma mansoni was more common at Usigu Division. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using overall positive infection results as an outcome and various risk factors as independent variables while controlling for age. Risk factors, which showed significant results, included: failure to drink boiled water (df=1, P < 0.0001), swimming (df=1, P = 0.0041), failure to wear shoes regularly ( = 11.6, df = 1, P = 0.0007) failure to wash fruits before eating (=8.3, df=1, P = 0.0041), and absence of latrine at home (=17.7, df=1, P = 0.0001). The findings of the study will help in targeting specific risk factors associated with prevalence of intestinal parasites amongst primary schools pupils in Bondo for prevention and control strategy.