Is HIV a Contributing Factor to Occurrence of Hyperglycemia: A Case of People Living with HIV Attending Nyeri Referral Hospital, Kenya?
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Date
2019
Authors
Njagi, Samuel
Chege, Peter
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research
Abstract
Background: The hallmark of advanced HIV infection is the progressive loss of a specific type of
immune cells called the CD4 cells weakening the immune system and leaving individual vulnerable to
various opportunistic infections (OIs) and other illnesses, ranging from pneumonia to cancers.
Complications such as hyperglycemia/ diabetes mellitus (DM) have lately been associated with onset
of HIV infection. Minimal information is available on whether the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus is
associated with HIV. This study aims to look at the correlation of hyperglycemia (a risk factor of DM)
and HIV infection among the HIV infected individuals in Nyeri County Hospitals-Kenya.
Methods: This was a case control study involving 193 individuals who were grouped into two
groups of 97 subjects of HIV individuals (also referred to as study control group) and 96 participants
who were HIV positive and based on CD4 count 308.8 ± 249.8 cells per cubic millimeter, Viral load Not detectable and fasting blood glucose level 4.4 ± 2.2mmol/L.
Results: A total of 193 individuals were enrolled, grouped into 97 subjects of HIV negative
individuals (control group) and 96 participants who were HIV positive. In the study 13.54% of HIV
positive were hyperglycemic compared to 6.18% HIV- ve individuals (mean glucose level 7.6 ± 5.1
and 4.4 ± 1.1mmol/L, respectively (P>0.05) r=0.023). CD4 mean 888.8 ± 244.1 HIV and 308.8 ±
249.8 cells per cubic millimeter respectively (P>0.05) r=0.057). The correlation between
hyperglycemia and viral loads was significant (P>0.05) (r=0.35) while the correlation between
hyperglycemia and CD4 was not significant (P>0.05) (r=-0.023).
Conclusion: The study identified Hyperglycemic as a likely complication in HIV infected individuals
but resulting from a complex interaction of a variety of diabetes mellitus risk factors.
Description
Keywords
HIV, Diabetes Mellitus, Blood glucose, Viral load, Adults
Citation
Njagi, S., & Chege, P. Is HIV a Contributing Factor to Occurrence of Hyperglycemia: A Case of People Living with HIV Attending Nyeri Referral Hospital, Kenya?.