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Item Plight of Non-Formal Primary Schools in Providing Basic education A Case of Mathare Constituency in Nairobi, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2015-05) Gatwiri, W. N.The Kenya government implemented alternative provision of basic education and training (APBE&T) policy in 2011 to support non-formal primary schools in providing basic education to children not able to enroll in public formal primary schools. A case study of Mathare Constituency in Nairobi, Kenya was carried out to find out determinants of access and participation in these schools. Primary-school-age children not enrolled in either formal primary schools or in the non-formal primary schools fail to attain basic education. Since non-formal primary schools are instituted in Kenya to provide basic education to children who cannot access formal primary schools, they should be accessible to all kinds of children. This paper reports findings on the determinants of access and participation in non formal primary schools in Mathare Constituency in Kenya. The implication of the study is that to increase access and participation in non-formal primary schools in Kenya, the Ministry of Education Science and Technology should provide funding to non-formal primary schools, establish a school-feeding programme and provide for learning environments that conform to its set standardsItem Socio-cultural factors impeding children's access to early childhood education. a case of Turbi Division, Marsabit North Sub-County, Kenya(Kenyatta University, 2015-10) Buna, Yattani D.; Begi, NyakwaraEarly childhood is a critical period in which the foundation of children's education and development is laid. It is a right of every child to be enrolled, retained and complete school. Despite the many global initiatives aimed at improving children's access to education, there are still many children out of school globally. The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-economic factors impeding children's access to early childhood education in Turbi Division, Marsabit North Sub-County. Results had shown that majority of children in the division do not have access to early childhood education. Results also revealed that several socio-cultural factors such as: Participation in traditional ceremonies; involvement in livestock rearing; early betrothal of girls; Female Genital Mutilation practices; and parents fear of early pregnancy were hindering children's access to early childhood education in the division. Some of the important strategies that could be used to improve children's access to early childhood education include: Establishment of mobile schools; organizing education awareness forums; Soliciting support from many stakehelders: and reviving village mobile schools where children can learn within their villages. Key Words: Early Childhood Education; Access; Socio-cultural factors;Children.