Browsing by Author "Odari, Diana Mudave"

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    Intricate Dynamics within Dadaab Refugee Camp and their Impact on Kenya's National Security
    (JAIS, 2024-11) Odari, Diana Mudave; Hamasi, Linnet
    The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between the socio-economic integration of refugees and the perceptions of security risks among local communities in Kenya. The complexities within refugee camps, particularly the Dadaab Refugee Camp in Kenya, embody a delicate balance of humanitarian needs and national security concerns. As displacement increases globally, understanding the intricate social, economic and security dynamics in these camps becomes essential for policy formulation. This study examined how socio-economic integration and access to essential services can shape local perceptions of security risks, contributing to either stability or conflict between refugees and host communities. Guided by Security Threat Theory by Kilcullen (2010) and Social Identity Theory by Hogg (2016), the study explored the interplay of resource competition, community relations and the role of social identities in influencing security perceptions. The study employed a descriptive survey research design to investigate the security implications of refugee populations in Dadaab Refugee Camp, Garissa County, Kenya. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection, it captured the views of refugees, local residents, security personnel, community leaders and humanitarian representatives. A sample size of n=399 participants was derived using Yamane's formula, with additional in-depth interviews to enhance the analysis. Findings reveal that resource scarcity, economic disparity and unequal aid distribution contribute to socio-economic tensions, both within the refugee camp and between refugees and the host community. Such conditions strain infrastructure, foster competition for resources and increase security concerns. The study concludes that enhancing equitable resource distribution, promoting economic initiatives and strengthening infrastructure are crucial for fostering stability and minimizing security risks. The study recommends on collaborative efforts among aid organizations and authorities to ensure equitable resource distribution, promote income-generating opportunities and strengthen infrastructure to enhance stability and security within Dadaab Refugee Camp and its surrounding communities.
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    Refugees and National Security in Kenya: Case of Dadaab Refugee Camp, Garissa County (1992-2022)
    (Kenyatta University, 2025-04) Odari, Diana Mudave
    The influx of refugees into Kenya's Dadaab camp poses significant concerns to Kenya’s national security. The study objectives included examining the demographic characteristics of the refugees in the Dadaab camp in relation to national security challenges in Kenya, investigating the intricate factors within Dadaab camp that influence on national security in Kenya and recommending on evidence-based strategies to manage the Dadaab refugee situation for enhanced national security. Literature presented a robust theoretical underpinning and methodological framework for examining the impact of the Dadaab refugee camp on Kenya's national security. The strengths lay in the theoretical framework incorporating security threat and social identity theories, thorough empirical review covering various relevant topics, well-defined conceptual framework illustrating variable relationships, and clear identification of research gaps. Areas for further refinement included delving deeper into the explanation of the theoretical framework to elaborate on specific propositions and their application to the Dadaab case study, explicitly connecting findings from the empirical review to research questions and hypotheses, and briefly mentioning the operationalization of key variables to enhance readers' understanding of research methods. These refinements strengthen the theoretical foundation and methodological clarity of the study, contributing to a more robust analysis of the Dadaab refugee camp's impact on national security in Kenya. The research design for the study was descriptive survey research design. This design aids in the understanding of the dynamics surrounding the influx of refugees and its implications for national security within the context of the Dadaab Refugee Camp. The study had a target population of 841,353 with a sample size of n=399. By employing structured questionnaires, semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), the research captured diverse perspectives from refugees, host community members, and key stakeholders. The study's multi-method approach ensured the robustness of findings and contributes to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted dynamics surrounding the Dadaab refugee camp for enhancing national security. The study examined the impact of Dadaab refugee camp, Kenya's largest, on national security and highlighted security challenges including Al-Shabaab activity, clan violence, and potential for radicalization due to harsh living conditions. The study went beyond security perception to explore social, economic, and political factors that influence security within the camp. Widespread economic hardship and competition for resources were identified as key areas of concern. The study established that the precarious situation in Dadaab, including overcrowding and lack of basic services, creates a breeding ground for insecurity and threats to national security. Proposed solutions focus on improving refugee well-being and self-reliance through livelihood programs, infrastructure upgrades, and education. Collaboration between refugees, aid groups, and the Kenyan government is emphasized. The study concludes that managing the Dadaab situation requires a multifaceted approach that balances security with promoting human dignity. Sustainable solutions involve improving living conditions, fostering self-reliance, and working towards long-term options like repatriation or resettlement.