MST-School of Nursing

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Browsing MST-School of Nursing by Author "Mwega, Bernard"

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    Determinants of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Gatundu Level 5 Hospital, Kiambu County, Kenya
    (Kenyatta University, 2023-12) Mwega, Bernard
    The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising throughout the world, and it is one of the major public health menaces due to the significant morbidity and mortality it is associated with. The burden of CKD inexplicably affects low-income nations like Kenya, where the two main public health concerns responsible for the growing prevalence of CKD are hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of chronic kidney disease among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted at Gatundu level 5 Hospital in Kiambu County, central Kenya, among adult (≥18 years) diabetes mellitus patients. Sample size was determined using Yamane Taro formula. Informed written consent was obtained from each participant and data was collected by interview and chart review. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated from serum creatinine using modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula, while CKD was defined as estimated GFR (eGFR) of less than 60mls/min/1.73m2 for more than three months. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent determinants of CKD and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Majority of the participants (43.42%) were aged between 50-60 years and 95 (62.5%) of them were female. The researcher found out low level of patient awareness (25.8%) and high prevalence of CKD (78.2%). Factors associated with chronic kidney disease were gender, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, family history of CKD, obesity, poor knowledge of CKD and long duration of hypertension. The researcher observed a high prevalence rate of CKD amomg diabetic patients and hence recommended that the National and County Governments‟ Department of Health should take measures to increase the awareness about CKD prevention among high risk populations such as patients with diabetic mellitus.