RP-School of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies

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Browsing RP-School of Security, Diplomacy and Peace Studies by Author "Hamasi, Linnet"

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    Intricate Dynamics within Dadaab Refugee Camp and their Impact on Kenya's National Security
    (JAIS, 2024-11) Odari, Diana Mudave; Hamasi, Linnet
    The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between the socio-economic integration of refugees and the perceptions of security risks among local communities in Kenya. The complexities within refugee camps, particularly the Dadaab Refugee Camp in Kenya, embody a delicate balance of humanitarian needs and national security concerns. As displacement increases globally, understanding the intricate social, economic and security dynamics in these camps becomes essential for policy formulation. This study examined how socio-economic integration and access to essential services can shape local perceptions of security risks, contributing to either stability or conflict between refugees and host communities. Guided by Security Threat Theory by Kilcullen (2010) and Social Identity Theory by Hogg (2016), the study explored the interplay of resource competition, community relations and the role of social identities in influencing security perceptions. The study employed a descriptive survey research design to investigate the security implications of refugee populations in Dadaab Refugee Camp, Garissa County, Kenya. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection, it captured the views of refugees, local residents, security personnel, community leaders and humanitarian representatives. A sample size of n=399 participants was derived using Yamane's formula, with additional in-depth interviews to enhance the analysis. Findings reveal that resource scarcity, economic disparity and unequal aid distribution contribute to socio-economic tensions, both within the refugee camp and between refugees and the host community. Such conditions strain infrastructure, foster competition for resources and increase security concerns. The study concludes that enhancing equitable resource distribution, promoting economic initiatives and strengthening infrastructure are crucial for fostering stability and minimizing security risks. The study recommends on collaborative efforts among aid organizations and authorities to ensure equitable resource distribution, promote income-generating opportunities and strengthen infrastructure to enhance stability and security within Dadaab Refugee Camp and its surrounding communities.
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    The Application of Collaboration Mechanisms as a Conflict Management Strategy among Pastoralist Communities and Ranchers in Laikipia County (2000-2022)
    (Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies, 2025-02) Longesh, Esma Michael; Hamasi, Linnet
    The purpose of the study was to investigate the collaborative mechanisms in conflict management among pastoralists and ranchers, using Laikipia County of Kenya as the focus. The contention of the study is that conflicts among pastoralist and ranchers due to the competition for natural resources and a thriving network of small-arms trade. The study examined the collaborative mechanisms in conflict management among pastoralists and ranchers. The study objective was to examine the application of collaboration mechanisms as a conflict management strategy among pastoralist communities and ranchers in Laikipia County (2000-2022). Descriptive survey design was used where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected to address the research questions. The target population included community leaders, ranchers, pastoralists who lived close by, employees of the Kenya Police Reserve (KPR), officers from the Ministry of Interior and National Administration, county government officials and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) involved in security issues. A sample size of n=106 respondents and key informants was used in the study and this number was determined using the Onwuegbuzie and Collins typology. Field data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and interview guides. Government reports, e-books, research studies and journals served as the main sources of secondary data. Data was verified, categorized and presented according to themes that aligned with the goals of the study. The study findings contribute to existential knowledge by shedding light on cooperative conflict resolution techniques. All parties involved in humanitarian operations, peacekeeping, conflict intervention and peace and security studies will find the study very interesting. The study found that the main causes of conflict between ranchers and pastoralists in Laikipia County are land conversion, drought, erratic weather, political incitement and the spread of small arms. Although issues like mistrust, competition for resources and political meddling still exist, collaborative mechanisms like community dialogues, cooperative resource management and educational programs have proven effective in lowering tensions. To encourage long-term collaboration and settle disputes, the report suggests concentrating on resource management, tighter regulations on small arms, political accountability and bolstering governance frameworks.