RP-Department of Environmental Education

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/8854

Browse

Browsing RP-Department of Environmental Education by Author "Karanja, Joseph"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Climate Change Resilient Geothermal Production In Eburru And Olkaria, Nakuru County, Kenya
    (IJIR, 2016) Karanja, Joseph; Ngare, Innocent
    Climate change is inevitable for years to come. This reality dictates that development paths should build social, economic and ecological resilience for sustainability to be attained. In Kenya, 70 % of total formal employment is from natural resource sectors. This paper focused on technological inadequacies in the course of geothermal production in Olkaria and Eburru geothermal sites which are fragile ecosystems. The physical and chemical characteristics of waste geothermal fluids, physical and chemical properties of rain water were analyzed as well as gaseous emissions from the plants. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used in determining samples. Focused group discussions, interviews, observation guides and key informant were used to collect data. Most of the data was collected from Kengen for a five year duration between 2011 and 2015. 81 wells were sampled out for analysis. Analysis was done using Statistical Package of Social Sciences. One sample t- test was integral in comparing averages of observations against recommended national standards. The results indicated that waste geothermal fluids were unsuitable for discharge into the environment. Apart from this, rain water at geothermal sites was acidic due to emission of gases. More so, geothermal exploration undermined quality of underground water and could not be used for recreation. The flash system of production had inherent inadequacies that resulted in imposing the characteristics of geothermal formations to the surrounding. The gases emitted exceeded the maximum values permissible for controlled zones. The ideal situation would contain the waste fluid in a closed loop system so as to minimize its interaction with the surrounding. The results were integral in informing resilient pathways that could facilitate climate compatible development which in essence would bolster climate change resilience.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Perceived Climate Variability Effects on Socio- Economic Well-Being of Dairy Farmers, Case Study of Kisii Highlands in Kenya
    (IJIR, 2017) Ngare, Innocent; Karanja, Joseph; Mokaya, Dennis
    The dairy sector globally has been hit by climate variability impacts that affect animal performance. This affects the socioeconomic wellbeing of dairy farmers across the globe. This study was conducted at Kisii Highlands, a tropical region in the western part of Kenya. The objectives to the study were: to determine the socioeconomic impact of climate variability on dairy farming along the Kisii Highlands and to assess farmers’ perceptions on climate variability disease effect relation on dairy breeds in Kisii Highlands. The research took a survey approach to collect quantitative data. 100 respondents were interviewed during the study. Data was analyzed through Statistical Package of Social Sciences and Likert scale to monitor respondents’ perceptions. The findings show that, climate variability effect on management practices had highest Total Weight (T.W) of 433.5 among the statement responses. The year 1984 was the driest year with (σ2 = -35.4). From the climate variability effect disease relation, Pneumonia was the most predominant climate variability related disease in the area with 43 respondents.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Trend of Climate Variability Effects on Dairy Farming in Masaba North, Nyamira County Kenya
    (IISTE, 2016) Ngare, Innocent; Koech, Michael; Manguriu, Daniel; Gichuki, Cecilia; Karanja, Joseph
    The dairy-climate change dilemma in Kenya cannot be mistaken. However, extensive research into dairy farming and an understanding of the dynamics of climate variability effects is greatly lacking.The study investigated the effects of climate variability on dairy cattle breeds in Masaba North, Kenya. The objective for the study were to determine the trend of climate variability and its effects on dairy farming. During the study two sampling techniques were used; purposive and systematic sampling that captured key informants and household information respectively with a targeted sample size of 100 respondents. Further, the findings obtained were analyzed through Statistical Package of Social Sciences and Excel. Data was presented in tables, graphs and pie charts. The findings showed that temperature had rose by 0.80 C in the past 30 years with anomalies of rainfall across the years indicating variability effect in the area. From the study, 89% of farmers respondent on effect of climate variability to dairy cattle. The integral recommendations were; improve dairy cattle performance through adoption of modern livestock techniques and harnessing immediate farmers’ education to mitigate climate variability effects.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Understanding Kenya’s Multilateral Environmental Agreements, the Future of Environmental Governance
    (International Organization Of Scientific Research (IOSR), 2016) Ngare, Innocent; Karanja, Joseph; Koech, Michael
    Kenya like other global countries, is a signatory to international environmental agreements. The relevance and their significance dating of global agenda 21 at Rio. Today different protocols serve the Kenyan environmental conservation and management entities as a platform to conserve its environment. This paper is a review of key international environmental protocols and convention in Kenya. Four multilateral environmental agreements were reviewed. The Kyoto protocol, Montreal protocol, Biodiversity convention and UNFCCC. Their impact has been discussed within the Kenyan context and rationale and their significance with the Kenyan environmental management vision.