Njega Wa Gioko and the European Missionaries in the Colonial Kenya: A Theo-Historical Recollection And Reflection
Loading...
Date
2022
Authors
Gathogo, Julius M.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
OASIS
Abstract
Njega wa Gioko (1865–1948) was one of the pioneer Chiefs in Kirinyaga county of Kenya. The
other pioneer Chief in Kirinyaga county was Gutu wa Kibetu (1860–1927) who reigned in the
Eastern part of Kirinyaga county. Gioko reigned in the western part of Kirinyaga county (Ndia)
that extended to some geographical parts of the present-day Nyeri county and the present-day
Embu county. Njega also became the first paramount Chief of Embu district, which refers to the
present-day Embu and Kirinyaga counties. As colonial hegemony and the protestant missionary
enterprises, and its resultant evangelical theology, began to shape up in the present-day Kirinyaga
county and the surrounding areas between 1904 and 1906, it found Gioko and Kibetu as the
Athamaki (the most revered leaders). The evangelical European missionaries (Church Missionary
Society [CMS]) who were comfortable with the colonial expansion, as it provided western
governance structures that favoured their enterprises, employed Calvinistic theology in their
dealings with the colonial government, and they dealt with the local leaders (Athamaki), who were
eventually ‘promoted’ to the post of Chiefs in 1908 by the new rulers. Nevertheless, the missionary’s
emphasis on unrealised eschatology (future concerns) differed sharply with those of Athamaki
who were the custodians of African indigenous religion and its resultant emphasis on realised
eschatology (present concerns). As an agent of African religion, how did Gioko relate with the
early 20th-century evangelical European missionaries and their Calvinistic tendencies that
favoured the Church–State relationship as the way of God? The data for this research article are
gathered through oral interviews, archival sources and extensive review of the relevant literature.
Contribution: This article contributes to the journal’s vision and scope with its focus on the
early protestant theologies of the European Missionaries of the 19th and 20th centuries, and
their resultant clashes with the theologies of African indigenous religion. As a multidisciplinary
article that builds on a theo-historical design, the article contributes to the ongoing discourses
on gospel and culture.
Description
Article
Keywords
Calvinism, African Heritage, European missionaries, Athamaki, African Chiefs
Citation
Gathogo, J.M., 2022, ‘Njega wa Gioko and the European missionaries in the colonial Kenya: A theo-historical recollection and reflection’, HTS Teologiese Studies/ Theological Studies 78(3), a6790. https://doi. org/10.4102/hts.v78i3.6790