Analysis of Education Reforms and Challenges in Kenya: a Historical Perspective
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Date
2023
Authors
Muricho, Pius Wanyama
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IJCIAR
Abstract
This paper explores education reforms in Kenya. It has presented the concern of education reforms from a historical point
of view. An exploration of education reforms has been traced from the colonial period (1908-1963) up till the post-colonial
era. The paper is built from both empirical and theoretical sources. The researcher also used both community and school
walkabouts to get oral data. Before focusing on education reforms in Kenya and the related challenges, aspects of
education reforms in Pakistan, Indonesia, Gambia, Benin, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda and Mali have been discussed to
form the basis of literature review. Education reforms in the independent Kenya include proposals of Ominde Education
Commission of 1964, the Gachathi Education Commission of 1976 that brought about 7-4-2-3 Education System, the
Mackay Education Commission of 1981 that led to the implementation of 8-4-4 Education System, and the Douglas
Odhiambo (Taskforce, 2012) that proposed the Competency Based Curriculum (2-6-6-3) (Amukoa,2003), an education
reform whose implementation is on-going since its introduction in 2017. The paper concludes that coming up with
education reform proposals in Kenya was necessary. However, there were challenges that impeded effective
implementation of these reforms, especially the Competency Based Curriculum. These include in effective assessment
strategy, inadequate funding, unclear understanding of CBC, antagonism on domiciling Junior Secondary School, teacher
shortages, inadequate teaching and learning facilities and parents’ concern.
Description
Article
Keywords
Education, education reforms, education system, curriculum implementation
Citation
Muricho, P. W. (2023). ANALYSIS OF EDUCATION REFORMS AND CHALLENGES IN KENYA: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE. International Journal of Current Innovations in Advanced Research, 6(1), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.47957/ijciar.v6i1.148