Body Mass Index Vs Deuterium Dilution Method for Establishing Childhood Obesity Prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania

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dc.contributor.authorDiouf, Adama
dc.contributor.authorAdom, Theodosia
dc.contributor.authorAouidet, Abdel
dc.contributor.authorHamdouchi, Asmaa El
dc.contributor.authorJoonas, Noorjehan I
dc.contributor.authorLoechl, Cornelia U
dc.contributor.authorLeyna, Germana H
dc.contributor.authorMbithe, Dorcus
dc.contributor.authorMoleah, Thabisile
dc.contributor.authorMonyeki, Andries
dc.contributor.authorNashandi, Hilde Liisa
dc.contributor.authorSomda, Serge MA
dc.contributor.authorReilly, John J
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-26T11:31:08Z
dc.date.available2023-06-26T11:31:08Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionarticleen_US
dc.description.abstractObjective To compare the World Health Organization (WHO) body mass index (BMI)-for-age definition of obesity against measured body fatness in African children. Methods In a prospective multicentre study over 2013 to 2017, we recruited 1516 participants aged 8 to 11 years old from urban areas of eight countries (Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania). We measured height and weight and calculated BMI-for-age using WHO standards. We measured body fatness using the deuterium dilution method and defined excessive body fat percentage as > 25% in boys and > 30% in girls. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of BMI z-score > +2.00 standard deviations (SD) and used receiver operating characteristic analysis and the Youden index to determine the optimal BMI z-score cut-off for classifying excessive fatness. Findings The prevalence of excessive fatness was over three times higher than BMI-for-age-defined obesity: 29.1% (95% CI: 26.8 to 31.4; 441 children) versus 8.8% (95% CI: 7.5 to 10.4; 134 children). The sensitivity of BMI z-score > +2.00 SD was low (29.7%, 95% CI: 25.5 to 34.2) and specificity was high (99.7%, 95% CI: 99.2 to 99.9). The receiver operating characteristic analysis found that a BMI z-score +0.58 SD would optimize sensitivity, and at this cut-off the area under the curve was 0.86, sensitivity 71.9% (95% CI: 67.4 to 76.0) and specificity 91.1% (95% CI: 89.2 to 92.7). Conclusion While BMI remains a practical tool for obesity surveillance, it underestimates excessive fatness and this should be considered when planning future African responses to the childhood obesity pandemic.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipthe International Atomic Energy Agencyen_US
dc.identifier.citationDiouf, A., Adom, T., Aouidet, A., El Hamdouchi, A., Joonas, N. I., Loechl, C. U., ... & Reilly, J. J. (2018). Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 96(11), 772en_US
dc.identifier.otherdoi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.205948
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/25977
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWorld Health Organizationen_US
dc.titleBody Mass Index Vs Deuterium Dilution Method for Establishing Childhood Obesity Prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzaniaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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