Performance of Polymerase Chain Reaction, Kato-Katz, and Circulating Cathodic Antigen Techniques in Determining Schistosoma Mansoni Prevalence in Mwea, Kenya

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorDavid Mburuen_US
dc.contributor.advisorSammy Njengaen_US
dc.contributor.authorChieng, Benard
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-31T10:35:35Z
dc.date.available2024-05-31T10:35:35Z
dc.date.issued2023-11
dc.descriptionAbstracten_US
dc.description.abstractSchistosoma species are the causative agents of schistosomiasis. In the Mwea irrigation scheme, the known species is Schistosoma mansoni, which causes intestinal schistosomiasis. Kato-Katz is the primary technique employed to detect intestinal schistosomiasis, but it has weaknesses of minimal sensitivity, and it is tedious. An alteative approach is the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) method. However, it is characterized by minimal sensitivity and high cross-reactivity. Contrarily, a polymerase chain reaction has excellent precision and sensitivity. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of S. mansoni in the Mwea West irrigation scheme and the efficacy of Kato-Katz, POC-CCA, and quantitative PCR methods in parasite screening. A cross-sectional analysis was adopted involving 357 individuals residing in the scheme. The three tests were employed to screen for S. mansoni in stool and urine samples. Data analysis was undertaken using STATA version 15.1. S mansoni prevalence was carried out at a confidence level of 95% McNemar's chi-square test was performed to describe data on specificity and sensitivity. As determined by the KK technique, the total prevalence rate of S. mansoni in Mwea West was 32.8%. The positivity rate was highest in individuals above 14 years (75%) and males (56%). Using the mean of the three tests as the reference, the sensitivity for KK, POC-CCA, and qPCR was 41.6%, 79.4%, and 92.5%, respectively. This study shows that S. mansoni infection remains prevalent among residents of the Mwea West irrigation scheme, posing severe public health challenges. This necessitates the implementation of enhanced measures for disease control in the region. From the study, qPCR revealed the highest sensitivity, whereas KK had the lowest sensitivity. As a result, the QPCR method can be used as a confirmatory test in research settings, whereas POC-CCA can be used in epidemiological surveillance instead of Kato-Katz.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipKenyatta Universityen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/27967
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherKenyatta Universityen_US
dc.subjectPerformanceen_US
dc.subjectPolymerase Chain Reactionen_US
dc.subjectKato-Katzen_US
dc.subjectCirculating Cathodic Antigen Techniquesen_US
dc.subjectSchistosoma Mansonien_US
dc.subjectPrevalenceen_US
dc.subjectMweaen_US
dc.subjectKenyaen_US
dc.titlePerformance of Polymerase Chain Reaction, Kato-Katz, and Circulating Cathodic Antigen Techniques in Determining Schistosoma Mansoni Prevalence in Mwea, Kenyaen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
Performance of Polymerase..... (1).pdf
Size:
1.53 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Abstract
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
MST-Department of Microbiology