Impact of hospital wastewater to the spread of antibiotic resistance in Kisii level 5 hospital in comparison to Kisii University, Suneka WWTP and Riana River-Kisii County, Kenya
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Date
2013-12-24
Authors
Nyauncho, P. O.
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Abstract
A potential post-antibiotic era is a threat and even in future medical advances. The current
worldwide increase in antimicrobial resistance continues to pose a challenge with the downward
trend in the development of new antibiotics posing serious implications. Despite the wide use of
antibiotics especially in Kisii County, there is little available data concerning the contribution of
hospital wastewater to the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Due to increasing trends in
drug resistance, this study aims at determining the antimicrobial resistance profile of bacterial
-isolates from wastewater effluents from Kisii level 5 Hospital and Kisii University College. In
addition, to carrying out antibiotic testing of commonly prescribed drugs on the bacteria related
infections in Kisii level 5 hospital. A total of 384 wastewater samples will be collected during
the time period of 8 am to 5pm from July to November from participating institutions. The
samples will be transported in chilled cool-boxes to the laboratory at Kisii level 5 hospital for
analysis. Bacterial isolation will done by use of specific selective media and confirmed by
biochemical tests. Subsequently, antibiotic susceptibility testing will be performed using Kirby-
Bauer disc diffusion technique and zone of inhibition measured in diameter. Zone of inhibition
will be interpreted as sensitive, intermediate and resistant according to CLSI (clinical laboratory
standards institute). Collected data will be analyzed by use of ANOVA test to determine whether
there is significant difference in resistance of bacteria to antibiotics from the sampling sites
Description
A thesis submitted in partial fullfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Science (Microbiology) in the School of Pure And Applied Sciences of Kenyatta University. October, 2016