Aims and objectives of secondary school, physical education in Kenya
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Date
1997
Authors
Wamukoya, E. K.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kenyatta University
Abstract
A number of books in physical education contain various aims and objectives for physical
education is schools. In order to establish the aims and objectives considered important in
Kenyan secondary schools, a literature survey was done. This survey revealed a list of aims
and objectives to broad and general educational objectives. The 12 most commonly
mentioned aims and objectives in Kenya were then assembled in random order and both
respondent school heads and PE teaches were asked to rank them in order of their
respective schools' preferences from highest (1) to lowest (12). The mean score for each item
and for each school head and PE teachers was then computed and comparisons made. From
the survey, the aims and objecti ves ranked highly by the total sample were (1) Motor Ski II
Development (2) Safety (3) Social Competence (4) Organic development and (5)
Leisure Time Activities. Emotional Competence/Stability was ranked sixth (in the
middle) while Self - Realisation, Creativity, Aesthetic Appreciation, MOTaI
Development, Cognitive Development and Environmental Awareness were ranked lowest.
Even then, it was apparent that more female school heads were inclined to rank Social
Competence and Creativity on the higher side while men ranked Safety higher. However,
male PE teachers highly rated the objective of Motor Skill Development, Leisure-time,
Activities and Self-Realisation and gave their lowest ratings to Cognitive Development,
Aesthetic Appreciation and Environmental Awareness. Female PE teachers rated highest
Social Competence, Moral Development, Self - Realisation, Aesthetic Appreciation,
Emotional Development, Creativity, Safety, Motor Skill Development, Organic
Development, and gave their lowest ratings for Organic Development, Cognitive
Development, and Environmental Awareness. Furthermore, there were some differences in
the rankings of these aims and objectives according to the sex of the teachers involved.
Female teachers compared to their male counterparts were inclined towards the long-term
and broad-based educational outcomes such as Self-realisation, Leisure-time activities,
Social competence, Moral Development, Aesthetic Appreciation, Creativity and Safety.
They were more inclined to think about both the immediate and long-term objectives of
physical education and were less concerned with the more traditional and specific
objectives of organic development (physical fitness). An interesting observation was t hat
female teachers also ranked Motor Skill Development and Organic Development higher
than their male counterparts while male teachers ranked emotional Competence/Stability
on the higher side than their female counterparts, respectively. However, both male and
female teachers gave the middle rating (6th position) to Emotional Competence/Stability
which gives an indication of the profession's moderate commitment to this objective in
Kenya.
Description
A paper presented at the Africa Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and dance 3rd Scientific Congress held on 11th - 15th September, 1997 at Kenyatta University
Keywords
Physical Education, Aims and objectives, Kenyan secondary schools