Optimization of Battery/Ultra-Capacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System for Frequency Response Support in Low-Inertia Microgrid
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Date
2024-04
Authors
Yegon, Philemon
Singh, Mukhtiar
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
WILEY
Abstract
Modern power system networks are under statutory obligations to integrate renewable
energy sources (RES). The primary reason is to meet ever-increasing energy demand and
also to curtail environmental pollution by greenhouse gases. However, the higher penetration of RES has the tendency of reducing inertia of overall power system network.
Consequently, frequency stability is affected and deviates beyond allowable permissible limits leading to power blackouts, load shedding, and even total system failure. To address the
issues associated with reduced inertia, an optimal control of hybrid energy storage system
(HESS) has been proposed. HESS is basically a combination of battery and ultracapacitor, where ultracapacitor addresses rapidly varying power component by mimicking inertia
while the battery compensates long-term power variations. Thus, the HESS is effectively
controlled to compensate the loss of inertia by regulating its energy flow. For the purpose of improved efficiency and better power management of the HESS, an improvised
particle swarm optimization (MPSO)-based virtual inertia control design has been proposed. The proposed MPSO is utilized to tune the gains of bidirectional dc–dc converter
in such a way that improves frequency nadir with faster response to transient disturbances.
This proposed method is simulated in MATLAB and its merits are validated in real time
using hardware in loop. On analysing of the results, it can be observed that frequency
nadir is improved by 48.96% with significant reduction in rate of change of frequency in
comparison to conventional particle swarm optimization.
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Citation
Yegon, P., & Singh, M. (2024). Optimization of battery/ultra‐capacitor hybrid energy storage system for frequency response support in low‐inertia microgrid. IET Power Electronics.