Blood Pressure Parameters and the Development of Congestive Heart Failure among Hypertensive Patients at Kiambu County Hospital, Kenya
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Date
2020-11
Authors
Mac’oduol, Isabell
Thigiti, Joseph
Maingi, Lydia
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The East and Central Africa Medical Journal
Abstract
Introduction:
Global incidence of heart failure is on increase. Heart
failure has been shown to be on the increase with 1-3%
admission rates globally and a 3-7% admission rate in the
African hospitals. Hypertension (HTN) has been shown to
play a pivotal role in the evolution and syndrome of heart
failure where it is mostly non- ischemic in origin yet there
are few studies on the association of the individual blood
parameters and heart failure.
Objective: The study assessed the individual blood
pressure parameters as prognosticators of congestive
heart failure (CHF) in hypertensive patients.
Method: A retrospective study was carried out at Kiambu
County Hospital, on 205 heart failure patients who met the
Framingham Criteria. The parameters observed included
the time of onset of CHF, systolic/ diastolic blood pressure,
pulse pressure and their duration to the development of
CHF. Multivariable cox proportional hazard regression
models were used to determine the effects of individual
blood pressure parameters relative to the onset of CHF.
Results: Overall, 205 patients were eligible for the study.
Median time to CHF was estimated to be 4 years (range:
1-18), median age of CHF development was 65.7 years
with a 68.8% female preponderance. Pulse pressure of 55-
60 mm Hg (AHR: 2.21; 95%CI: 1.16-4.21), hypertension
duration of 5-10 years (AHR: 0.14; 95%CI: 0.088-0.223)
and over 10 years (AHR: 0.023; 95%CI: 0.010-0.050)
were significantly associated with the development of
CHF.
Conclusion: Pulse pressure is a better prognosticator of
CHF in hypertensive patients with a hazard ratio of 2.2
times more likely in patients with a pulse pressure of 55-
60 mmHg than those below 55mm Hg.
Description
A Research Article in The East and Central Africa Medical Journal
Keywords
Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Hazard
Citation
Mac’oduol, I., Thigiti, J., & Maingi, L. (2020). Blood pressure parameters and the development of congestive heart failure among hypertensive patients at Kiambu County Hospital, Kenya. The East and Central Africa Medical Journal, 4(1), 6-10.