Vitro antimicrobial activity and safety of medicinal plants used to manage samonella typhi, campylobacter jejuni and shigella dysenteriae in Meru county, Kenya
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Date
2014
Authors
Maithulia, Stephen Mugambi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kenyatta University
Abstract
Plants have been used in the management of human enteric bacterial pathogens (that causes
bacterial gastroenteritis) without scientific evaluation on their antimicrobial activity, safety and
efficacy. The main goal of this study is therefore to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of
aqueous extracts of Osyris lanceolata, Mimosa pudica and Zanthoxylum usambarense and assess
their safety using the rat's model. The aqueous extracts will be evaluated in vitro on their activity
against gram-negative enteric bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Camphylobacter jejuni and Shigella
dysenteriae) using the Agar Disk Diffusion Method, MIC, MBC and Time Kill Kinetics. The
safety of the extracts will be assessed by administering orally and intraperitoneally aqueous
extracts of the three plants at 450, 670 and 1000g/kg body weight daily to rats for 28days and
recording the changes in body and organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters and
histopathology. The phytochemical composition of the aqueous plant extracts will. be studied
using standard qualitative and quantitative procedures and the mineral composition of the.
aqueous plant extracts will be assessed using Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence system
(EDXRF). The obtained results will be expressed as MeanĀ±SEM and analyzed statistically using
ANOVA and POST-ANOVA to compare the means to aid in comparing Antimicrobial activity
of the different plant extracts. The results obtained will be used to prepare scientific report on
antimicrobial activity of Osyris lanceolata, Mimosa pudica and Zanthoxylum usambarense and
the recommendations for continued use or otherwise will be made based on the outcome for the
study. In addition, the outcome of the study may necessitate recommendations for further study
on the management of bacterial gastroenteritis