Identification of insect-selective and mammal-selective toxins from Parabuthus leiosoma venom.

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dc.contributor.authorNdiege, I. O.
dc.contributor.authorOchola, J. B.
dc.contributor.authorLwande, W.
dc.contributor.authorThiong’o, T.
dc.contributor.authorRogo, L.
dc.contributor.authorHerrmann, R.
dc.contributor.authorSchepers, E.
dc.contributor.authorBagine, R.
dc.contributor.authorMungai, P.
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-31T12:27:29Z
dc.date.available2014-07-31T12:27:29Z
dc.date.issued2007-09
dc.descriptionDOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.04.020en_US
dc.description.abstractVenoms were collected from two scorpion species: Parabuthus leiosoma and Parabuthus pallidus from Kenya. Subcutaneous injection and oral toxicity tests of crude and pure fractions of scorpion venoms were done in Mus musculus (mice), Chilo partellus and Busseola fusca. The highest activity against C. partellus was found in P. leiosoma venom (LC50 0.689 mg/50 mg body weight). Bioassay-guided purification by a combination of cation-exchange (CE) and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) led to the isolation of three toxic peptides. A lepidopteran-selective toxin (P. leiosoma insect toxin, Plit) was isolated, and the partial N-terminal amino acid sequence (-KDGYPVDNANCKYE-) plus the molecular weight (6688.5 Da) determined. A peptide with significant insect toxicity coupled with mild effects on mice (P. leiosoma toxin, Plt) was isolated, and the partial N-terminal amino acid sequence (-LCEKFKVQRLVELNCVD-) plus the molecular weight (6742.5 Da) was determined. Another toxin with anti-mammalian activity (P. leisoma mammal-selective toxin, Plmt), and N-terminal partial amino acid sequence of ADVPGNYPLDKNGNRYY- plus a molecular weight of 7145.5 Da was also isolated. Comparison of the partial N-terminal amino acid sequences with other toxins revealed that Plit shows high homology to other known insect toxins. Similarly, Plmt shows high homology with several birtoxin-like anti-mammalian toxins. Plt does not exhibit homology with any known scorpion toxin with combined anti-insect and anti-mammalian activity.en_US
dc.identifier.citationToxicon Volume 50, Issue 4, 15 September 2007, Pages 449–456en_US
dc.identifier.other1879-3150
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/10793
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.subjectArthropoden_US
dc.subjectScorpionsen_US
dc.subjectButhidaeen_US
dc.subjectInsecticidalen_US
dc.subjectAnti-mammalen_US
dc.subjectToxinsen_US
dc.subjectPeptidesen_US
dc.subjectParabuthus leiosomaen_US
dc.titleIdentification of insect-selective and mammal-selective toxins from Parabuthus leiosoma venom.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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