Risk Factors Associated with MDR and CR Acinetobacter baumannii Carriage among ICU Patients Hospitalized at MOI Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya
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Date
2023
Authors
Kipsang, Fred
Musyoki, Abednego M.
Menza, Nelson C.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
SCIRP
Abstract
Background: Multi-drug resistant and Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections present a significant challenge in hospital ICU settings worldwide and the threat posed is worse in developing countries including Kenya. Despite the limited treatment options, there is inadequate comprehensive data on factors associated with MDR and CR Acinetobacter baumannii carriage among ICU patients hospitalized at hospitals. This study therefore aimed to address this gap and determined risk factors associated with MDR and CR Acinetobacter baumannii carriage among ICU patients hospitalized at MOI Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. Methods: Through cross-sectional study design, a total of 132 ICU admitted patients were purposively enrolled in this study between July 2019 and July 2020. Demographic and risk factors associated with MDR and CR Acinobacter baumannii were collected using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and bivalent analysis were used for data analysis obtained. Level of statistical significance was 95% confidence interval (CI) for all analysis. Results: Bivariable analysis showed that employed participants were 3.4 times more likely to have A. baumannii compared to the unemployed (cOR = 3.38,
95%, CI: 1.09 - 10.43, p = 0.035). Patients who were having high BMI were likely to be infected by A. baumannii compared to those who had normal/low BMI (aOR = 11.2, 95%, CI: 3.57 - 21.11, p = 0.004). Those who were aged ≥50 years were 21 times more likely to be carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, COR = 21.0, 95% CI: 1.83 - 240.52, p = 0.011. Those who
stayed in ICU for more than 30 days were 16 times more likely to be carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii compared to those who had been admitted (COR = 16.0, 95% CI: 1.45 - 176.45, p = 0.019). Conclusion: Increased length of hospital stay, obesity and marital status were the factors found to be significantly associated with A. baumannii infections among ICU
admitted patients. On the other hand, gender, age, level of education, occupation, referral status and presence of infection were found to have no significant association with A. baumannii infections among ICU admitted patients. All patients admitted to the intensive care units should be screened for colonization with A. baumannii, owing to the poor treatment outcomes associated
with carriage of this multidrug resistant pathogen. Proper infection control in
the ICU settings should be upheld to mitigate the spread of A. baumannii in
the intensive care units.
Description
Article
Keywords
MDR, Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, ICU
Citation
Kipsang, F., Musyoki, A. M., & Menza, N. C. (2023). Risk Factors Associated with MDR and CR Acinetobacter baumannii Carriage among ICU Patients Hospitalized at MOI Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology, 13(4), 263-275.