Health System-Related Factors that Influence Retention in Care among HIV Infected Pregnant Women in Narok County, Kenya
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Date
2024-04
Authors
Gakii, Jackline
Menza, Nelson
Maoga, Winfreda Nyamota
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPRJB
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to establish the health
system-related factors that influence retention in care
among HIV infected pregnant women in Narok County,
Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional mixed
method design. Purposive sampling method was used to
sample the required sample size of 117 HIV infected
pregnant women, the participants of the Focus Group
Discussions (FGD) and Key Informant Interviews (KII).
The study was carried out at Narok County Referral and
all the sub-county hospitals in Narok County. A structured
questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Focus
group discussion and KII guides were used to collect
qualitative data. Quantitative and qualitative data was
analyzed using SPSS version 21 and Nvivo version 14
respectively. Chi square test and logistic regression
analysis were used to determine the health system-related
factors that influence retention in HIV care. Thematic
content analysis was done for qualitative data. The mean
age of participants was 30 years (SD=6.48). The study
results generated were presented in bar graphs and tables
for quantitative data. Results were presented as narrations
and triangulated with qualitative data.
Findings: This study established that health systemrelated factors (waiting time, health care workers services
and ARV availability) influenced retention in care among
HIV infected pregnant women. However, only ARV
availability had a significant association with retention in
care (P<0.001, OR=0.19). The multiple logistic regression
was used to predict the influence of grouped variables.
Overall, the model was a significant predictor of retention
in care. Health system related factors was found to
increase the likelihood of being retained in care
(OR=5.14), though not significant predictors of retention
in care (P<0.34).
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy:
Health system-related factors particularly ARV drug
stocks, healthcare workers staffing and timely access of
services should be strengthened in order to avert stock
outs, minimize waiting time and follow up patients who
miss clinic appointments to increase retention among
pregnant women in HIV care. Advocate for policy reforms
aimed at addressing structural barriers to retention in care,
including increased investment in healthcare
infrastructure, workforce capacity building, and
integration of HIV services within maternal and child
health programs. By aligning policy initiatives with the
unique needs of HIV-infected pregnant women,
policymakers can foster an enabling environment for
retention in care, ultimately contributing to the
achievement of national and global HIV/AIDS targets.
Description
Article
Keywords
Health System-Related Factors, Retention in care, HIV Infected Pregnant Women
Citation
Gakii , J., Menza, N., & Maoga, W. (2024). Health System-Related Factors that Influence Retention in Care among HIV Infected Pregnant Women in Narok County, Kenya. Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 10(2), 58–69. https://doi.org/10.47604/jhmn.2559