Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorMusa, Ali A.
dc.contributor.authorMuturi, Margaret W.
dc.contributor.authorMusyoki, Abednego M
dc.contributor.authorOuso, Daniel O.
dc.contributor.authorOundo, Joseph W.
dc.contributor.authorMakhulu, Edward E
dc.contributor.authorWambua, Lillian
dc.contributor.authorVillinger, Jandouwe
dc.contributor.authorJeneby, Maamun M.
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-11T08:28:51Z
dc.date.available2020-08-11T08:28:51Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionA research article published in Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseasesen_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Zoophilic mosquitoes play an important role in the transmission of arboviruses of medical importance at human-wildlife interfaces, yet arbovirus surveillance efforts have been focused mostly on anthropophilic mosquitoes. Understanding the diversity of zoophilic mosquitoes and their associated feeding patterns and arboviruses can inform better vector control strategies. Materials and Methods: We morphologically identified mosquitoes collected from two game reserves in Kenya, the Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR) and locations near the Shimba Hills National Reserve (SHNR). Representative mosquitoes were also identified by cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) barcode sequencing. In addition, we identified the vertebrate hosts of mosquito blood meals from the contents of each mosquito’s abdomen by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis and sequencing of COI, 16S ribosomal RNA, and cytochrome b gene PCR products. Similarly, mosquito arbovirus infections were identified by HRM analysis and sequencing of Alphavirus- and Flavivirus-specific RT-PCR products. Results: Of 2858 mosquitoes collected, 51 were engorged with blood meals from seven different vertebrate hosts, including humans, birds, domestic, and peridomestic animals and wildlife. Culex was the most abundant mosquito genus, with Culex pipiens being the most abundant species in both study regions. Among MMNR samples, we detected dengue serotype-2 virus (DENV-2) for the first time in Aedes tarsalis and Aedes tricholabis, as well as Sindbis virus in male Cx. pipiens.We also detected DENV-2 in Aedes aegypti sampled from locations near the SHNR. Human and diverse wildlife blood meals were identified, including bushbuck blood in the dengue-infected Ae. tarsalis and both human and hippopotamus blood in a single Eretmapodites chrysogaster mosquito. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the potential risk of sylvatic dengue and Sindbis transmission to humans by zoophilic mosquitoes at human-wildlife interfaces in Africa. Of specific importance, we provide evidence of sylvatic DENV-2 in Ae. tarsalis and Ae. tricholabis, representing potential new dengue vectors.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipUnited States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (USAID-PEER) cycle 4 awarded to L.W., under the USAID grant no. AID-OAA-A-11-00012 subawarded by the American National Academy of Sciences (NAS) under agreement no. 2000006204. Additional support was obtained from icipe institutional funding from the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID), the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), and the Kenyan Government.en_US
dc.identifier.citationMusa, A. A., Muturi, M. W., Musyoki, A. M., Ouso, D. O., Oundo, J. W., Makhulu, E. E., ... & Jeneby, M. M. (2020). Arboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenya. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 20(6), 444-453.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1557-7759
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2019.2563
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/20225
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMary Ann Lieberten_US
dc.subjectzoophilic mosquitoesen_US
dc.subjectdengue virusen_US
dc.subjectSindbis virusen_US
dc.subjectmosquito blood mealen_US
dc.subjectAedesen_US
dc.subjectEretmapoditesen_US
dc.titleArboviruses and Blood Meal Sources in Zoophilic Mosquitoes at Human-Wildlife Interfaces in Kenyaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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