E-learning utilization for instruction in selected universities in Kenya
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Date
2023-11
Authors
Shisakha, Mmbaka Bonface
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kenyatta University
Abstract
Increased demand for higher education has driven institutions to seek for more innovative, convenient, and reliable methods of instruction and supervision. The study investigated e-Learning utilization in instruction and supervision in selected universities in Kenya. Study objectives were; to find out extent to which institutional resource capacities influenced e-Learning utilization; to establish faculty level of readiness for e-Learning use; to determine student level of readiness to enroll for e-Learning; and find out strategies employed by universities to improve e-Learning use. Mixed methods research design that involved qualitative and quantitative research approaches in collecting and analyzing data. Six universities constituted the sample; three private and three public universities in Kenya. The six universities were selected based on location, web ranking and online activities. Sample population consisted of 12 Heads of Department, 6 Directors of Open and e-Learning platforms, 90 faculty members and 335 students. Data was obtained using a structured questionnaire for faculties and students and a detailed interview schedule for six Directors of Open and e-Learning platforms and Heads of Departments. A pilot study was carried out at University of Nairobi and Mount Kenya University not among the sample. The split-half technique was used to assess reliability (r) of the instruments using Product Moment Correlation and Spearman Brown Prophecy Formula for the whole sample. A coefficient of 0.75 and above was considered sufficient. Construct validity of research instruments was done through expert help from experienced faculty and supervisors. Analysis of data collected was done using descriptive statistics like frequency counts and percentages. Data collection procedures involved seeking permission from the Graduate School of Kenyatta University. A research permit was obtained from the National Council for Science Technology and Innovation. Data obtained was presented using frequency tables. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 tool was used to code, present and analyze data. The study found out that universities have moderate capacities to implement e-Learning use in instruction and supervision. Effective implementation of e-Learning is hindered by limited internet bandwidths and high cost of internet. The study further found out that poor internet connection, inadequate computers, slower internet connectivity as well as unreliable networks hindered full use of e-Learning. The faculty and students prefer blended mode of instruction and supervision. Students‟ access and use of e-Learning is limited by internet bandwidths, high cost of bundles and distance from the university routers. Most universities can sustain e-Learning if faculty and students are adequately trained on effective use e-Learning technologies and provided with subsidized internet bundles. Universities should invest more in e-Learning infrastructure, capacity building and prioritize e-Learning programs in their budgetary allocations in order to improve e-Learning use. The national government in collaboration with MOE and other stakeholders must develop a clear e-Learning policy. Study findings, conclusions and recommendation were drawn to help initiate more cost effective and efficient e-Learning strategies for e-Learning use.
Description
A PhD Thesis submitted to the Department of Educational Management, Policy and Curriculum Studies, School of Education, Kenyatta University, November 2022.
Keywords
e-Learning Utilization, Universities, Kenya