Constituents of the essential oil of Suregada zanzibariensis leaves are repellent to the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s.

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dc.contributor.authorEster, Innocent
dc.contributor.authorJoseph, Cosam C.
dc.contributor.authorGikonyo, Nicholas K.
dc.contributor.authorNkunya, Mayunga H.H.
dc.contributor.authorHassanali, Ahmed
dc.date.accessioned2012-10-22T08:18:44Z
dc.date.available2012-10-22T08:18:44Z
dc.date.issued2009-09
dc.descriptionPublisher version (Pubmed) available www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20569134en_US
dc.descriptiondoi: 10.1673/031.010.5701
dc.description.abstractIn traditional African communities, repellent volatiles from certain plants generated by direct burning or by thermal expulsion have played an important role in protecting households against vectors of malaria and other diseases. Previous research on volatile constituents of plants has shown that some are good sources of potent mosquito repellents. In this bioprospecting initiative, the essential oil of leaves of the tree, Suregada zanzibariensis Verdc. (Angiospermae: Euphobiaceae) was tested against the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s. Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) and found to be repellent. Gas chromatography (GC), GC-linked mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and, where possible, GC-co-injections with authentic compounds, led to the identification of about 34 compounds in the essential oil. About 56% of the constituents were terpenoid ketones, mostly methyl ketones. Phenylacetaldehyde (14.4%), artemisia ketone (10.1%), (1S)-(-)-verbenone (12.1%) and geranyl acetone (9.4%) were the main constituents. Apart from phenylacetaldehyde, repellent activities of the other main constituents were higher than that of the essential oil. The blends of the main constituents in proportions found in the essential oil were more repellent to An. gambiae s.s. than was the parent oil (p < 0.05), and the presence of artemisia ketone in the blend caused a significant increase in the repellency of the resulting blend. These results suggested that blends of some terpenoid ketones can serve as effective An. gambiae s.s. mosquito repellents.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (Grant No. U19A145511-01). EI is grateful to the Singenberg Foundation for a research grant through ICIPEen_US
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Insect Science: Vol. 10 | Article 57en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5776
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPubmeden_US
dc.subjectMethyl ketone terpenesen_US
dc.subjecttraditional uses of plantsen_US
dc.subjectVerbenaceaeen_US
dc.titleConstituents of the essential oil of Suregada zanzibariensis leaves are repellent to the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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