Adoption and Intensity of Integrated Agriculture Aquaculture among Smallholder Fish Farmers in Kenya
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Date
2023
Authors
Fonda, Jane Awuor
Macharia, Ibrahim Ndegwa
Mulwa, Richard Mbithi
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Abstract
This paper examined the adoption and intensity of using integrated agriculture
aquaculture (IAA) among smallholder fish farming households in Kenya. The
analysis was based on crossectional farm-level data collected from four counties
in Kenya: Nyeri, Kakamega, Siaya, and Busia. Results showed that risk plays a
central role in farmers’ decisions through the direct effect of the sample moments
of the profit distribution. Specifically, the first moment (mean profit) had a highly
significant positive effect on the adoption and intensity of IAA. Profit variability, as
reflected by the second moment, negatively impacted adoption and the intensity
of IAA. Other factors that were important in IAA adoption included the proportion
of economically active members, full-time land ownership, awareness of IAA,
accessibility to irrigation, and flat farm topography, all of which were statistically
significant in influencing IAA adoption positively. Other factors which were found
to influence the intensity of IAA positively and significantly were: age, education
level, number of economically active members, full-time land ownership,
awareness of IAA, flat farm topography, and clay soil type. Thus, IAA should
be promoted alongside farmers’ education, farm size, access to affordable and
accessible credit, number of farm enterprises, and IAA awareness as a mechanism
for enhancing smallholder IAA adoption and intensity of use.
Description
Article
Keywords
IAA adoption, IV2SLS estimation, Kenya, Africa, policy
Citation
Awuor, F. J., Macharia, I., & Mulwa, R. Adoption and intensity of integrated agriculture aquaculture among smallholder fish farmers in Kenya. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7, 1181502.