Leishmaniasis in northern and western Africa: a review

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dc.contributor.authorGicheru, M. M.
dc.contributor.authorKimutai, Albert
dc.contributor.authorNgure, P. K.
dc.contributor.authorTonui, W. K.
dc.contributor.authorNyamwamu, Lydia Bonareri
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-12T12:18:33Z
dc.date.available2014-06-12T12:18:33Z
dc.date.issued2009
dc.description.abstractLeishmaniasis, one of the highly neglected diseases is currently a significant health problem in northern Africa with a rising concern in western Africa because of co-infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In this review, we present a summarized analysis of the epidemiology, infective species, parasites reservoirs, diagnosis, treatment and control measures of leishmaniasis in northern and western Africa region. In northern Africa, the disease is prevalent in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. Comparatively, there are low prevalence rates of the disease in West African countries including Cameroon, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali, Nigeria and Senegal. In North Africa, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by L. infantum and transmitted by Phlebotomus perniciosus and P. longicuspis. On the other hand, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is mainly caused by L. major and transmitted by P. papatasi, P. duboscqi and P. pedifer with L. infantum and L. tropica causing lower incidences of the disease. Notably, Algeria is one of the countries that constitute 90% of CL cases worldwide. In Western Africa; CL is caused by L. major while VL is caused by L. donovani. In these regions, zoonotic and anthroponotic cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis is a health problem that should be addressed urgentlyen_US
dc.identifier.citationAfrican Journal of Infectious Diseases (AJID), Vol 3, No 1 (2009)en_US
dc.identifier.issn2006-0165
dc.identifier.urihttp://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/9952
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectLeishmaniasisen_US
dc.subjectcutaneous leishmaniasisen_US
dc.subjectvisceral leishmaniasisen_US
dc.titleLeishmaniasis in northern and western Africa: a reviewen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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