Efficacy of Teachers’ Performance Appraisal as a Tool of Management in Public Secondary Schools in Nairobi City County, Kenya
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Date
2019
Authors
K’opiyo, Genevieve Anyango
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kenyatta University
Abstract
Performance Appraisal serves as a management tool whose aim is to encourage
communication, improve quality of work and promote accountability. Managers
strive to achieve results through management of human, financial and material
resources all motivated by setting standards, measuring performance and taking
appropriate action for improvement. The purpose of this study was to determine the
efficacy of teachers’ performance appraisal as a tool of management in selected
public secondary schools in Nairobi City County. The study sought to determine the
effect of teachers performance appraisal in management of public secondary
schools, establish how performance appraisal supervision affects management of
public secondary schools, find out the effect of performance appraisal feedback in
management of public secondary schools, identify the challenges facing teachers
performance appraisal in management of public secondary schools in Nairobi City
County. The study was guided by Locke’s Goal Setting Theory of motivation, which
is essentially linked to task performance and work settings. The study targeted 90
Principals, 1,965 teachers, and the Nairobi TSC County Director. The study adopted
stratified sampling method to select 27 public secondary schools; stratified random
sampling ensured that the national, extra county, county and sub county schools
were included in the sample from which 27 principals were purposefully selected,
while teachers were selected from each of the sampled schools using simple random
sampling giving a total of 196 respondents. The total sample size was 224. The
study adopted descriptive survey. Interview and self-administered questionnaires
were the main data collection instruments. Quantitative data were analysed using
frequencies and percentages and presented using tables and graphs. Qualitative data
was analysed thematically and described using words. International Business
Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences software was used for data
analysis. The main findings of the study established that schools do not use
performance appraisal guidelines as stipulated by Teachers Service Commission,
there is minimal supervision of the appraisal process due to shortage of personnel
drawn from the Teachers Service Commission and Directorate of Quality Assurance
& Standards and principals base their evaluation on students’ performance. The
study also established that teachers do not receive performance appraisal feedback
from Teachers Service Commission; teachers view the appraisal process as
bureaucratic hence its efficacy in management is dismal. The study recommends that
in order to improve the performance appraisal process in management of schools,
teachers and principals should undergo training on the process; learner results should
not be a measure of teacher competency, ensure there is timely and enhanced
feedback to teachers. Teachers Service Commission should come up with clear
policies on promotion based on performance merit. The study findings would be
significant as they would be expected to enable schools to diagnose organizational
problems through identifying individual training and development needs, abilities
and skills to consider when hiring and to adopt more realistic policies regarding the
management of appraisal at the same time form a base for other studies. Further, the
findings would be of use to school administrators in coming up with effective ways
of managing schools.
Description
A Research Project Submitted to the Department of
Educational Management, Policy and Curriculum Studies
in the School of Education in Partial Fulfilment for the
Degree of Master of Education in Educational
Administration, Kenyatta University
Keywords
Teachers’ Performance Appraisal, Public Secondary Schools, Nairobi City County, Setting standards, Measuring performance