Sanitation policy and spatial planning in urban East Africa: Diverging sanitation spaces and actor arrangements in Kampala and Kisumu

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Date
2014Author
Letema, Sammy
Vliet, Bas van
van Lier, Jules B.
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This paper discusses sanitation policies and spatial planning in Kampala (Uganda) and Kisumu (Kenya)
from colonial times to date and their implications for the sitting of sanitation technologies and involving
actors. During colonial times, a strict spatial duality was maintained between immigrants in townships
and natives in peri-urban areas, with a sanitary divide between them. Also currently, different urban
spaces support different sanitation technologies provided by different actors. Actor arrangements are
often viewed as a combination of public, private and voluntary sectors, but households should be considered
part of the arrangement. Information on spaces and actor arrangements is imperative for location of
sanitation technologies and rebalancing them with actor arrangements.