MST-Department of Gender and Development Studies

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Browsing MST-Department of Gender and Development Studies by Subject "Determinants"

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    Determinants of Gender Differential in Access and Utilisation of Reproductive Health Services among Youth in Limuru, Kiambu County, Kenya
    (Kenyatta University, 2022) Mugure, Ngugi Eunice; Mildred J. Lodiaga.; Grace Okong’o.
    Gender differential in access and utilisation of Reproductive Health Services (RHS) among young women and men is a major challenge in ensuring healthy youthful population. Differential access and utilisation of Reproductive Health Services is determined by many factors which may be personal, social-cultural, and socio-economic, or due to institutional arrangements occasioned by policies and practices. This study investigated the determinants of gender differential in access and utilization of reproductive health services by male and female youth in Ndeiya Division, Limuru Sub- County. The objectives were: to explore the institutional determinants, to establish the social-cultural determinants and to assess the social-economic determinants that affect differential access and utilisation of Reproductive Health Services by the male and female youth in Ndeiya Division. The study was guided by the Social Cognitive Theory. Descriptive survey design was adopted to collect numerical and non-numerical information. The target population consisted of 28667male youth and 28686 female youth aged between 15-24 years. The study solicited information from a sample size of 397individuals comprising 198 males and 199 females. Stratified and simple random sampling were employed to select the youths whose data were collected using questionnaires. In addition, five health officers from the two public health facilities within Ndeiya division were selected using census survey.Numerical information was collected using questionnaires while qualitative data was collected using key informant interview guide. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20,aidedin analysing the primary data. The study established that more young women accessed and utilised Reproductive Health Services as compared to young men. The findings gathered from this research will arm the government and stakeholders with information on determinants of differential access and utilisation of Reproductive Health Services by the male and female youth. Information provided may be used to design interventions, such as policies and programmes that are gender sensitive in addressing this differential access and utilisation of RHS. Study recommendations were: The empowerment of young men through training programs to create awareness on the need of seeking RHS without being influenced by gender stereotype notions, young women to be empowered to make their personal decisions on issues of RH, training and employment of more health service provider personnel in all health facilities in Ndeiya Division, more training and employment of male service providers in health facilities to cater for the young men and to ensure comfort and confidence, providereproductive health services at a time convenient to the youth, especially outside official working hours when youth are available, provision of separate male and female clinics integrated in the same health facility, introduction of RH programmes particularly targeting male youth to address their risky behaviour of poorly seeking RHS, andestablish more youth centres with separate activities and discussions for men and women.
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    Determinants of Gender Responsive Management of Water Resources and Projects in Kajiado County, Kenya.
    (Kenyatta University, 2020-10) Wakhungu, Gladys Nafula
    The purpose of the study was to analyze the determinants of Gender-responsive management of water projects and resources in Kajiado West Sub County, Kajiado County, Kenya. The objectives were: to establish the numbers of both men and women in the management of water projects in Kajiado West Sub County, to examine the influence of water needs for men and women on the management of water resources in Kajiado West Sub County, to determine the constraints faced by men and women in access to water resources in Kajiado West Sub County and to identify the best strategies that can help the inclusivity of genders in the management of water resources and projects in Kajiado West Sub County, Kajiado County, Kenya. The study was based on the Patriarchy Theory by Juliet Mitchell, 1975 which describes the totality of oppressive and exploitative relations that affect women. Also, the study was based on the Harvard Analytical Framework which underscores the inclusion of both genders in development projects as beneficiaries and actors. The study used a descriptive survey research design. This design was adopted because it describes things as they are without manipulation and facilitates data collection. The target population was all the residents of Kajiado West Sub County. The sample was made of 47 respondents from 5 villages. The study used two research instruments for data collection namely Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guides and interview schedules. The validity of the research instruments was determined by the researcher in collaboration with the supervisor to make sure that the instruments reflect the objectives. Instrument reliability was determined using the split-half method. The study has two types of data: Qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for example percentages, means and standard deviations. The qualitative data was analyzed according to themes and patterns formed. The findings revealed that although women are represented in the management committees of the water projects, their number is much less compared to that of men. Men and women have different water needs. Men on one hand typically require water for productive activities and other related activities while women use water for productive activities as well as household chore related roles. The findings revealed that cultural customs and illiteracy in water resource management are among the major constraints facing men and women in the management of water resources. Also, poor access to water sources was cited as another problem men and women face. The study recommended that involving both women and men in integrated water resources initiatives can increase project effectiveness and efficiency. Hands-on support to community-level work is required to support field staff in enabling women and men to work together in community decision-making. Also, gender training of a very practical kind is needed focusing on the roles and responsibilities of project managers and their partner organizations, backed up with ongoing support through networks and exchanges.